The role of adapted and non-adapted resistance sources in breeding resistance of winter wheat to Fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol contamination

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Á. Mesterházy ◽  
M. Varga ◽  
A. György ◽  
S. Lehoczki-Krsjak ◽  
B. Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Type I ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Infection Pressure ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Since resistance is the most important agent in regulating deoxynivalenol (DON), breeding for higher resistance is the key to improve food safety. Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK) show a closer correlation with DON than visual symptoms. This implies a difference in genetic regulation. For this reason, the mapping should be extended not only for the visual symptoms, but also for FDK and DON. Quantitative trait loci influencing only Fusarium head blight (FHB) symptoms, may not be relevant for FDK and DON. Type I and II were pooled to overall resistance at spray inoculation. From 2010 to 2016 three selection platforms were compared by checking running variety breeding programs. The use of exotic sources in breeding significantly increased the number of more resistant genotypes in each selection phase from F3-F8 generations compared to the control program where crosses were not planned for FHB resistance and screening in early generations was also not performed. However, also in this breeding platform – at a lower rate – moderately or highly resistant genotypes could be selected. Of them, eight cultivars were/are in commercial production. The Fusarium breeding program using only adapted and more resistant parents generally gave closer results to exotic breeds, and several highly resistant genotypes were produced as a result. For winter wheat the phenotypic screening at high disease pressure is the key to select highly resistant materials. At low infection pressure the high and medium resistant genotypes come in the same group. The use of more isolates increases the chance to have strong selection pressure each year. FHB resistance was combined with leaf rust, yellow rust, powdery mildew, leaf spot resistance and high protein content (15-18%). The cultivar registration and post registration screening is the key in improving food safety in commercial production.

scholarly journals Identification of a Novel Genomic Region Associated With Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight in Chinese Winter Wheat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunzhe Zhao ◽  
Xinying Zhao ◽  
Mengqi Ji ◽  
Wenqi Fang ◽  
Hong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Scab Resistance ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Fhb Resistance

Abstract Background: Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a disease affecting wheat spikes caused by Fusarium species, which leads to cases of severe yield reduction and seed contamination. Therefore, identifying resistance genes from various sources is always of importance to wheat breeders. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) focusing on FHB using a high-density genetic map constructed with 90K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays in a panel of 205 elite winter wheat accessions, was conducted in 3 environments. Results: Sixty-six significant marker–trait associations (MTAs) were identified (P<0.001) on fifteen chromosomes explaining 5.4–11.2% of the phenotypic variation therein. Some important new genomic regions involving FHB resistance were found on chromosomes 2A, 3B, 5B, 6A, and 7B. On chromosome 7B, 6 MTAs at 92 genetic positions were found in 2 environments. Moreover, there were 11 MTAs consistently associated with diseased spikelet rate and diseased rachis rate as pleiotropic effect loci. Eight new candidate genes of FHB resistance were predicated in wheat. Of which, three genes: TraesCS5D01G006700, TraesCS6A02G013600, and TraesCS7B02G370700 on chromosome 5DS, 6AS, and 7BL, respectively, were important in defending against FHB by regulating chitinase activity, calcium ion binding, intramolecular transferase activity, and UDP-glycosyltransferase activity in wheat. In addition, a total of six excellent alleles associated with wheat scab resistance were discovered. Conclusion: These results provide important genes/loci for enhancing FHB resistance in wheat breeding populations by marker-assisted selection.

scholarly journals Reaction of a Diverse Collection of Barley Lines to Fusarium Head Blight

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. McCallum ◽  
A. Tekauz ◽  
J. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Visual Symptoms ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
Primary Disease ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Fhb Resistance

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is currently the primary disease of concern in barley in Canada and sources of FHB resistance need to be identified. A diverse collection of 77 two-rowed and 81 six-rowed barley lines was screened for resistance to FHB in inoculated, irrigated nurseries from 1995 to 1998. Barley spikes were spray inoculated with conidia of Fusarium graminearum and visual symptoms of FHB were scored to determine an FHB index. Deoxynivalenol (DON) content was determined from harvested seed samples during 1997 and 1998. Although there was variation in the average FHB index and DON content among the different years of testing, the rankings of the lines generally were correlated among the years of testing and the two measures of FHB. Based on the FHB index from 1995 and 1996, a subset of 18 lines with low FHB and 12 lines with high FHB were compared with 20 FHB resistance sources and 7 Canadian lines or cultivars during 1997 and 1998 in both inoculated and noninoculated nurseries. Lines Nepolegajuscij, Krasnojarskij, Nordic, Murakaki-mochi, Golozernyj 1, Maris Mink, Symko, Ussurijskij 8, Suvenir, and Canadian cultivars AC Sterling and Morrison were similar to the best resistance sources (Zhedar1, Seijo II, and Chevron) and had consistently low DON content.

Quantitative trait loci analysis of four components of Fusarium head blight resistance in the soft red winter wheat cultivar Truman

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Md Sariful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Components Of Resistance ◽  
Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
The University ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Fusarium head blight (FHB) mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [telomorph: Gibberella zeae Schw. (Petch)] causes devastating losses in wheat globally. Host-plant resistance provides the best hope for reducing economic losses but sources of resistance are limited. "Truman" soft red winter wheat, developed and released by the University of Missouri has excellent broad-based FHB resistance. This research was conducted to identify QTL associated with five components of resistance in Truman. Two years (2 replications per year) of phenotypic data were collected on these components of resistance on a set of 167 F9 recombinant inbred lines developed from the cross Truman/MO 94-317. Genetic linkage maps were constructed using 160 single sequence repeat and 530 diversity array technology polymorphic markers. Across years, QTL for type II resistance were identified on chromosomes 1BSc, 2BL, 2DS and 3BSc; for disease incidence on 2ASc, 2DS, and 3DS; for disease severity on 2DS, and 3BSc; for Fusarium damage kernels (FDK) on 2ASc, 2DS, and 3BLc; and for low DON on 2ASc, 2DS, and 3BLc. Additional QTL for FDK were identified on 1BLc, 2ASc, and 3BLc; and for DON on 2ASc, 2DS, and 6ALc were identified from phenotypic data collected in Kentucky. The effects of identified QTL ranged from 5.0 to 30.7 % of the total phenotypic variation. Several of these QTL appear to be potentially novel and therefore should enhance FHB resistance in programs attempting to pyramid unique FHB resistance genes through marker-assisted-selection.

scholarly journals Characterizing Winter Wheat Germplasm for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Under Accelerated Growth Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Zakieh ◽  
David S. Gaikpa ◽  
Fernanda Leiva Sandoval ◽  
Marwan Alamrani ◽  
Tina Henriksson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Germplasm ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Fhb Resistance

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the economically important diseases of wheat as it causes severe yield loss and reduces grain quality. In winter wheat, due to its vernalization requirement, it takes an exceptionally long time for plants to reach the heading stage, thereby prolonging the time it takes for characterizing germplasm for FHB resistance. Therefore, in this work, we developed a protocol to evaluate winter wheat germplasm for FHB resistance under accelerated growth conditions. The protocol reduces the time required for plants to begin heading while avoiding any visible symptoms of stress on plants. The protocol was tested on 432 genotypes obtained from a breeding program and a genebank. The mean area under disease progress curve for FHB was 225.13 in the breeding set and 195.53 in the genebank set, indicating that the germplasm from the genebank set had higher resistance to FHB. In total, 10 quantitative trait loci (QTL) for FHB severity were identified by association mapping. Of these, nine QTL were identified in the combined set comprising both genebank and breeding sets, while two QTL each were identified in the breeding set and genebank set, respectively, when analyzed separately. Some QTLs overlapped between the three datasets. The results reveal that the protocol for FHB evaluation integrating accelerated growth conditions is an efficient approach for FHB resistance breeding in winter wheat and can be even applied to spring wheat after minor modifications.

Genetic trends in Fusarium head blight resistance due to 20 years of winter wheat breeding and cooperative testing in the Northern US.

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupesh Gaire ◽  
Clay Sneller ◽  
Gina Brown-Guedira ◽  
David A. Van Sanford ◽  
Mohsen Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Genetic Trends

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of wheat and barley. In the US, a significant long-term investment in breeding FHB resistant cultivars began after the 1990s. However, to this date, no study has been performed to understand and monitor the rate of genetic progress in FHB resistance as a result of this investment. Using 20 years of data (1998 to 2018) from the Northern Uniform (NU) and Preliminarily Northern Uniform (PNU) winter wheat scab nurseries which consisted of 1068 genotypes originating from 9 different institutions, we studied the genetic trends in FHB resistance within the northern soft red winter wheat growing region using mixed model analyses. For the FHB resistance traits incidence, severity, Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK), and deoxynivalenol content, the rate of genetic gain in disease resistance was estimated to be 0.30 ± 0.1, 0.60 ± 0.09, 0.37 ± 0.11 points per year, and 0.11 ± 0.05 ppm per year, respectively. Among the five FHB resistance QTL assayed for test entries from 2012 to 2018, the frequencies of favorable alleles from Fhb 2DL Wuhan1 W14, Fhb Ernie 3Bc, and Fhb 5A Ning7840 was close to zero across the years. The frequency of the favorable at Fhb1 and Fhb 5A Ernie ranged from 0.08 to 0.33 and 0.06 to 0.20 respectively across years, and there was no trend in changes in allele frequencies over years. Overall, this study showed that substantial genetic progress has been made towards improving resistance to FHB. It is apparent that the current investment in public wheat breeding for FHB resistance is achieving results and will continue to play a vital role in reducing FHB levels in growers’ fields.

scholarly journals Introgression breeding - Effects and side effects of marker-based introduction of two non-adapted QTL for Fusarium head blight resistance into elite wheat

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
T. Miedaner ◽  
C. von der Ohe ◽  
V. Korzun ◽  
E. Ebmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Introgression Breeding ◽  
Fhb Resistance

Introgression breeding - Effects and side effects of marker-based introduction of two non-adaptedQTLfor Fusarium head blight resistance into elite wheatFusarium head blight resistance (FHB) can be achieved by using improved adapted varieties as crossing partners or by a marker-assisted introgression of mapped QTL from non-adapted sources. In this long-term studyFhb1on chromosome 3BS andQfhs.ifa-5Alocated on chromosome 5A were introgressed into European elite spring and winter wheat to test effects on FHB resistance and side effects on agronomic performance andF. graminearumisolates and mixtures. The introgression of the QTLFhb1andQfhs.ifa-5Afrom the Sumai 3-descendant CM82036 could be performed in the shortest possible way by marker-assisted backcrossing. They were both validated in European elite wheat background. Effects on FHB resistance were, on average, only about half of the effect in the original mapping populations. In the best phenotypically and marker-selected BC0line of spring wheat FHB was reduced from 40 to 4.3% of disease symptoms by introgressing both QTL, in the best BC3line of winter wheat the reduction was 28 and 37% for the moderately resistant and highly susceptible recurrent parent, respectively. Introgression of both QTL simultaneously did not result in significantly higher FHB resistance than introgression of only one of both QTL. Small significant negative effects on grain yield were detected in the Anthus but not in the Opus BC3F2:5backcross population when both QTL were introgressed. Backcrossing with onlyQfhs.ifa-5Adid not reduce grain yield significantly. Differences in heading date, plant height and quality traits were in all cases small although often significant. Selection of lines with improved resistance level and similar high yield level like the recurrent parent was feasible. Stability of FHB resistance mediated by both QTL was stable across 22Fusariumisolates from Europe and Canada and six binary mixtures. Competition effects between isolates in mixtures were obvious but could not be attributed to the resistance of the host. In conclusion, marker-based backcrossing is a feasible option for introgressingFhb1orQfhs.ifa-5AQTL into the high-yielding, quality-oriented European wheat gene pool.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of multigenerational transfer of Sumai 3 Fusarium head blight resistance in hard red spring wheat breeding populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-174
Author(s):  
S. Berraies ◽  
R.E. Knox ◽  
R.M. DePauw ◽  
F.R. Clarke ◽  
A.R. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Type I ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Sumai 3

Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been identified for Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance in the cultivar Sumai 3. Wheat breeders need to know which Sumai 3 loci are present in derived lines used as parents for effective marker-assisted selection for genetic improvement. This study was conducted to identify the loci in Sumai 3 derived parents that contribute FHB resistance in breeding populations. Three doubled haploid (DH) populations utilizing Sumai 3 derived parents, ND3085, ND744, and Alsen, were evaluated during 2007 and 2008 in FHB nurseries near Carman, MB, Ottawa, ON and Charlottetown, PE. The percentage of incidence, severity, Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK), and deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation were measured, and FHB index calculated. DNA markers at six FHB resistance loci detected in Sumai 3 were evaluated on the populations. For each trait, a t test was applied to means of observations pooled by parental type of each marker to determine which loci contributed to resistance. The alleles at 3BS and 5AS most frequently contributed to Type I and Type II FHB resistance, as well as to reduced FDK and DON in all three populations. Markers revealed resistance on 3BS and 5AS in Alsen, ND3085, and ND744, on 3BSc, 4D, and 6BS in ND744, on 4D in ND3085, and on 6BS in Alsen. In some environments, the susceptible parent Infinity contributed minor QTL on 2D, 3BSc, and 6BS. Likewise, Helios contributed minor QTL on 5AS and 6BS.

scholarly journals Characterisation of fusarium head blight resistance located on chromosome 4A of Triticum macha

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 580-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Steed ◽  
E. Chandler ◽  
M. Thomsett ◽  
J. Carter ◽  
S. Faure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Type I ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Yield Trait ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Triticum Macha

Chromosome 4A of Triticum macha carries resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB). Double haploid lines (DH) of T. macha 4A were used to determine the type of resistance and location of the gene(s). FHB resistance and yield trait data collected over two seasons following spray and point inoculation, indicate that the resistance is of type I and is probably conferred by a single gene. The resistance was mapped with microsatellite markers to a small area of the T. macha 4A chromosome flanked by markers gwm 610 and gwm 165. This could greatly facilitate future marker assisted selection work aimed at increasing resistance to FHB in other winter wheat lines.

scholarly journals Relationship between Fusarium Head Blight, Kernel Damage, Concentration of Fusarium Biomass, and Fusarium Toxins in Grain of Winter Wheat Inoculated with Fusarium culmorum

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Góral ◽  
Halina Wiśniewska ◽  
Piotr Ochodzki ◽  
Linda Nielsen ◽  
Dorota Walentyn-Góral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fusarium Culmorum ◽  
Fusarium Toxins ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Fhb Resistance ◽  
Wheat Lines

Winter wheat lines were evaluated for their reaction to Fusarium head blight (FHB) after inoculation with Fusarium culmorum in two field experiments. A mixture of two F. culmorum chemotypes was applied (3ADON—deoxynivalenol producing, NIV—nivalenol producing). Different types of resistance were evaluated, including head infection, kernel damage, Fusarium biomass content and trichothecenes B (deoxynivalenol (DON), and nivalenol (NIV)) accumulation in grain. The aim of the study was to find relationships between different types of resistance. Head infection (FHB index) and Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK) were visually scored. Fusarium biomass was analysed using real-time PCR. Trichothecenes B accumulation was analysed using gas chromatography. Wheat lines differ in their reaction to inoculation for all parameters describing FHB resistance. We found a wide variability of FHB indexes, FDK, and Fusarium biomass content. Both toxins were present. DON content was about 60% higher than NIV and variability of this proportion between lines was observed. Significant correlation was found between head infection symptoms and FDK. Head infection was correlated with F. culmorum biomass and NIV concentration in grain. No correlation was found between the FHB index and DON concentration. Similarly, FDK was not correlated with DON content, but it was with NIV content; however, the coefficients were higher than for the FHB index. Fusarium biomass amount was positively correlated with both toxins as well as with the FHB index and FDK. Environmental conditions significantly influenced the DON/NIV ratio in grain. In locations where less F. culmorum biomass was detected, the DON amount was higher than NIV, while in locations where more F. culmorum biomass was observed, NIV prevailed over DON.

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