Effects of long-term administration of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM-17938 on circulating levels of 5-HT and BDNF in adults with functional constipation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Riezzo ◽  
G. Chimienti ◽  
A. Orlando ◽  
B. D’Attoma ◽  
C. Clemente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
S Allele ◽  
Item Scores

Accumulated evidence shows that some probiotic strains ameliorate functional constipation (FC) via the modulation of specific gastrointestinal peptide pathways. The aims of this study were to investigate: (1) the effects of long-term administration of Lactobacillus reuteri (LR) DSM 17938 on the serum levels of serotonin (5-HT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF); (2) the possible link between 5-HT, BDNF, and specific constipation-related symptoms; (3) whether genetic variability at the 5-HTT gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and BDNF Val66Met loci could be associated with serum 5-HT and BDNF variations. LR DSM 17938 was administered to 56 FC patients for 105 days in a randomised, double-blind manner. The fasting blood samples were collected during the randomisation visit (V1), at day 15 (induction period, V2), day 60 (intermediate evaluation, V3), and day 105 (V4) and the Constipaq questionnaire (the sum of Constipation Scoring System (CSS) and patient assessment constipation quality of life (PAC-QoL)) was administered. A group of healthy subjects was enrolled as controls (HC). At V1, the mean serum 5-HT level in the whole patient group was significantly higher (P=0.027) than in HC subjects, while serum BDNF did not. At the end of probiotic administration (V4), 5-HT and BDNF levels were significantly lower than the initial values (V1) (P=0.008 and P=0.015, respectively). 5-HT and BDNF serum concentration were significantly associated (r=0.355; P=0.007). Neither 5-HT nor BDNF serum levels correlated with the CSS item scores and with the PAC-QoL. Lastly, the regression analysis demonstrated that the presence of the S allele of the 5-HTTLPR accounted for the reduction in the 5-HT concentration at V4. In conclusion, the long-term administration of LR DSM 17938 demonstrated that such a probiotic strain could improve FC by affecting 5-HT and BDNF serum concentrations.

Biologics for oral corticosteroid-dependent asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
İnsu Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Severe Asthma ◽  
Oral Corticosteroid ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Severe Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Eosinophilic Asthma ◽  
Asthma Phenotype ◽  
Severe Eosinophilic Asthma ◽  
Term Administration

Background: Oral corticosteroid (OCS) dependent asthma is one of the severe asthma phenotypes that requires personalized treatment. Objective: To review the role of biologic treatments in OCS-dependent asthma. Methods: A nonsystematic review was performed of emerging multiple novel biologics for potential treatment of OCS-dependent asthma. Results: The serious adverse effects of OCS can be seen as a result of their regular long-term administration. Anti‐interleukin (IL) 5 (mepolizumab), anti‐IL-5R (benralizumab), and anti‐IL-4Rα (dupilumab) are the therapies of choice for OCS-dependent severe asthma. Results of studies showed the efficacy of mepolizumab, benralizumab, and dupilumab, especially in patients with the OCS-dependent severe eosinophilic asthma phenotype and with nasal polyps. Dupilumab may be the therapy of choice of monoclonal antibodies in cases of moderate-severe atopic dermatitis accompanied by OCS-dependent severe asthma. For reslizumab and omalizumab, placebo controlled double-blind studies conducted with OCS-dependent patient populations are needed. Conclusion: Biologics are effective in the “OCS-dependent asthma” phenotype as add-on therapy. It seems that chronic OCS use in OCS-dependent asthma will be replaced by biologic agents that specifically target type 2 inflammation, along with a much better safety profile. However, real-life studies that compare these biologics in OCS-dependent severe asthma are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Bifidogenic properties of cell-free extracts derived from probiotic strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus reuteri

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Knysh
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Probiotic Strains

Comprehensive study of the biological activity of structural components and metabolites of “beneficial” microorganisms opens the prospects of efficient and rational use of their biotechnological potential in the correction of microecological and related disorders. The study tested proliferative activity and biofilm formation by Bifidobacterium bifidum probiotic strain under the influence of cell-free extracts containing structural components and metabolites of the probiotic strains of B. bifidum and Lactobacillus reuteri. Cell-free extracts were obtained by disintegrating suspensions of probiotic cells by cyclic freezing-thawing, cultivating probiotic microorganisms in their own disintegrates and subsequent filtration of the obtained disintegrates and cultures. The proliferative activity and biofilm formation of the probiotic test culture were studied by spectrophotometric microtiter plate method with 10%vol, 30%vol and 50%vol content of cell-free extracts in the cultivation medium. All investigated extracts showed a significant concentration-dependent stimulatory effect on the proliferative activity of B. bifidum. According to the degree of stimulatory effect on the B. bifidum proliferation, cell-free extracts arranged in ascending order: MLG (filtrate of L. reuteri culture, grown in L. reuteri disintegrate supplemented with 0.8 M glycerol and 0.4 M glucose) < MB (filtrate of В. bifidum culture, grown in В. bifidum disintegrate) < B (filtrate of В. bifidum disintegrate) < ML (filtrate of L. reuteri culture, grown in L. reuteri disintegrate) < L (filtrate of L. reuteri disintegrate). With the same content in the culture medium, filtrates of disintegrates had a more pronounced stimulatory effect than filtrates of cultures grown in their own disintegrates. Cell-free extracts from L. reuteri (L and ML) exerted a more pronounced stimulatory effect than cell-free extracts from B. bifidum. Not all studied cell-free extracts stimulated the biofilm formation by B. bifidum. The effect of cell-free extracts on this process depended on their type and concentration. Extract L had a predominantly inhibitory effect on biofilm formation by B. bifidum. The most pronounced stimulatory effect on biofilm formation by B. bifidum came from extract MLG. ML, B and MB extracts stimulated this process approximately equally. The detection of significant bifidogenic effect of the studied cell-free extracts may contribute to their pharmaceutical applications. Cell-free extracts can be used as metabiotics or prebiotics for increasing the survival of the injected probiotic, facilitating its inoculation in the gastrointestinal tract when used together. The obtained data encourage further careful study of the biochemical composition of cell-free extracts and efforts to clarify the mechanism of their action.

The Effect of Lactobacillus reuteri Supplementation in Adults with Chronic Functional Constipation: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial*

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Ojetti ◽  
Gianluca Ianiro ◽  
Annalisa Tortora ◽  
Giovanna D‘Angelo ◽  
Teresa Antonella Di Rienzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bowel Movement ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Stool Consistency ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Movement Frequency ◽  
Bowel Movements ◽  
Bowel Movement Frequency ◽  
The Mean

Background & Aims: There is a growing interest for the use of probiotics for chronic constipation. A recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) showed a positive effect of Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) on bowel movement frequency in infants with chronic constipation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of L. reuteri in adult patients with functional constipation.Methods: A double-blind, placebo RCT was conducted in 40 adults (18M/22F, 35±15 years) affected by functional constipation according to the Rome III criteria. Patients were randomly assigned to receive a supplementation of L. reuteri (DSM 17938), or matching placebo for 4 weeks. The increase of bowel movements/week was the primary outcome, while the improvement of stool consistency was the secondary outcome.Results: At week 4, the mean increase in bowel movements/week was 2.6 (SD±1.14, 95% CI:1.6-3.6) in the L. reuteri group and 1.0 (SD±1. 95% CI:0.12-1.88) in the placebo group (p=0.046). At the end of the treatment, the mean bowel movements/week was 5.28±1.93 in the L. reuteri group and 3.89±1.79 in the placebo group. There was a not significant difference in the stool consistency between the two groups.Conclusions: L. reuteri is more effective than the placebo in improving bowel movement frequency in adult patients with functional constipation as previously demonstrated in children, even if it seems to have no effect on stool consistency.

Effects of long-term administration of acarbose in patients with NIDDM - a double-blind study with placebo

1992 ◽  
pp. 191-200
Author(s):  
N. Sakamoto ◽  
N. Hotta ◽  
N. Koh ◽  
F. Sakakibara ◽  
T. Haga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Term Administration

Randomised double blind placebo controlled trial on Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938: improvement in symptoms and bowel habit in functional constipation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Riezzo ◽  
A. Orlando ◽  
B. D’Attoma ◽  
M. Linsalata ◽  
M. Martulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Colonic Transit ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Standard Dosage ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial

Dysbiosis may contribute to constipation and its symptoms, therefore probiotic administration could improve significantly gut health and functions. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of a long-lasting administration of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (LR DSM 17938) on symptoms and quality of life (QoL) score in patients with functional constipation (FC). 56 FC patients with normal colonic transit time and without anorectal disorders and pelvic floor dysfunctions completed the study. LR DSM 17938 was administered for 105 days in a randomised double-blind clinical trial (28 patients per arm). Individual and cumulative scores including the Constipaq, a modified Constipation Scoring System (CSS) that considers the patient assessment of constipation-QoL (PAC-QoL), were calculated during the preliminary visit (V0), at day 15 (end of the induction period with a LR DSM 17938 double dosage, 4×108 cfu), day 60 (intermediate evaluation) and day 105 (V4) after a standard dosage (2×108 cfu). At the end of treatment, the beneficial effect of LR DSM 17938 compared to placebo was significantly evident for symptoms related to gas content and dysbiosis (abdominal discomfort, pain and bloating), incomplete defecation and helps for defecation (P<0.05). At the end of the whole LR DSM 17938 treatment, a marked and positive effect on both the CSS single and the cumulative items was evident with the exception of unfruitful attempt and Bristol score. Present findings indicate that LR DSM 17938 has an effect on symptoms different from stool consistency, and they suggest that this probiotic can effectively be used in association therapy rather than as single-drug therapy in the management of FC.

Synergistic interactions between bifidobacteria and vitamins for health support of a pregnant women and the fetus

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 102-113
Author(s):  
I.Yu. Torshin ◽  
◽  
O.A. Gromova ◽  
N.K. Tetruashvili ◽  
A.L. Unanyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Bifidobacterium Lactis ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Health Support

Correction of the microbiota profile using prebiotics and probiotic strains of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli is important not only for the nutritional support during pregnancy, but also for the long-term health support of the mother and child. In this study, we performed systematic computer analysis of all available fundamental and clinical studies assessing interactions between probiotic bifidobacteria and various vitamins (B vitamins, vitamins A, C, E, D, etc.). We found that vitamins produce substantial amounts of vitamins (primarily folates and other B vitamins). Using the example of genome and proteome analysis of the probiotic strain BB-12 of Bifidobacterium lactis, we assessed molecular mechanisms underlying interactions of this strain with vitamins and trace elements. Key words: probiotics, microbiota, BB-12 strain of B. lactis, pregnancy, docosahexaenoic acid, vitamin D, folic acid, synergy of vitamins and bifidobacterial

Improvement of Walking Distance by Defibrotide in Patients with Intermittent Claudication

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (05) ◽  
pp. 672-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Marubini ◽  
S. Coccheri ◽  
G. G. Nenci ◽  
F. Violi
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
One Year ◽  
Present Trial

SummaryDefibrotide is an antithrombotic drug which enhances prostacyclin production and activates fibrinolytic system. The aim of this study was to investigate the improvement of walking distance in patients with intermittent claudication treated with defibrotide.DICLIS was a double blind, placebo-controlled study which included patients with walking distance autonomy at a standardized treadmill test ≤350 ≥100 meters. A total of 310 patients were randomly allocated to placebo (n = 101), defibrotide 800 mg/day (n = 104) or defibrotide 1200 mg/day (n = 105).During a one year follow-up, the Absolute Walking Distance (AWD) was measured six times (0, 30, 60, 90, 180, 360 days).Similar improvement in walking distance was found in the three groups until the 90th day; thereafter placebo group showed no further increase, while AWD continued to increase in the defibrotide groups. Between the 180th and 360th day visits, AWD was significantly higher (P <0.01) in patients given defibrotide than in patients given placebo. No difference in efficacy was observed between the two dosages of defibrotide. No differences in side effects were observed among the three groups.The results of the present trial suggest that long-term administration of defibrotide improves walking distance in patients with intermittent claudication. Abbreviations: DICLIS = Defibrotide Intermittent CLaudication Italian Study, AWD = Absolute Walking Distance, IC = Intermittent Claudication, PVD = Peripheral Vascular Disease, LVOCF = Last Valid Observation Carried Forward, ITT = Intention-To-TreatAppendix, please see p. 676.

scholarly journals Prospects for using probiotics in the treatment of constipation in children

2018 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
I. N. Zakharova ◽  
I. M. Osmanov ◽  
I. V. Berezhnaya ◽  
K. A. Koltsov ◽  
O. V. Dedikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Diagnostic Signs ◽  
Probiotic Strains

Every paediatrician faces the problem of how to diagnose and treat constipation in children in the daily practice. According to the sociological survey of parents and doctors, on average every third child has a delay in evacuating stool. According to the 2016 Rome VI criteria, the diagnosis of functional constipation in children from 0 to 4 years of age is based on diagnostic signs that differ for children older than 4 years old. This article considers the mechanisms of constipation development in children of different age groups, and discusses the influence of microbiota on the development of motor and neurosensory intestinal disorders. The use of probiotics in constipation therapy is still controversial. The article presents recent studies of the efficacy of different probiotic strains in the treatment of constipation in children. So far, only Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 17938) has a proven effect for the treatment of constipation in using monostam probiotics.

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