Probiotic properties of native Lactobacillus spp. strains for dairy calves

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fernández ◽  
M. Fraga ◽  
E. Silveyra ◽  
A.N. Trombert ◽  
A. Rabaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

The use of native microorganisms with probiotic capacity is an alternative tool for the treatment and prevention of several diseases that affect animals, such as neonatal calf diarrhoea. The selection of probiotic strains within a collection is based on different in vitro and in vivo assays, which predict their potential. The aim of this study was to characterise a group of native Lactobacillus spp. strains isolated from faeces of healthy calves using an in vitro approach and to assess their ability to colonise the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of calves. Native Lactobacillus spp. strains were evaluated on their capacity to survive low pH conditions and bile salts presence, biofilm formation and adhesion to both mucus and Caco-2 cells. Based on the in vitro characterisation, four strains (Lactobacillus johnsonii TP1.1, Lactobacillus reuteri TP1.3B, L. johnsonii TP1.6 and Lactobacillus amylovorus TP8.7) were selected to evaluate their capacity to colonise and persist in the GIT of calves. The assessment of enteric persistence involved an in vivo assay with oral administration of probiotics and quantification in faeces of the administered bacterial species with real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The study was conducted using 15 calves (1-month-old) which were divided into five groups of three animals, four of which were treated with four different selected strains and one was the control group. Strains TP1.3B and TP1.6 managed to persist in treated animals until ten days after the end of the administration period, indicating that they could be promising candidates for the design of probiotics for calves.

scholarly journals Inflammatory pathways involved in adipose tissue hypertrophy and the effect of Acai (Euterpe oleracea Martius) on the modulation of this process: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e62996813
Author(s):  
Tamires Cássia de Melo Souza ◽  
Gabriel Vitor de Melo Souza ◽  
Ana Carolina Pinheiro Volp
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Sample Size Calculation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

Adipose tissue plays an important role in chronic inflammation and the presence of bioactive compounds in food has been widely discussed as a means of prevention and treatment of various pathological conditions. The aim of this review is to promote an overview and elucidate pathways involved in the chronic inflammatory process triggered by adipose tissue hypertrophy and to discuss data related to the use of Acai in the modulation of inflammation. Initially, a narrative review was carried out on metabolic and molecular pathways involved in the process of subclinical chronic inflammation (NF-κB, AP-1, cross-talk between macrophages and adipocytes, increased LPS and Nrf2 pathway). Then, an integrative review was carried out on the effect of Acai in processes of chronic subclinical inflammation in humans. The database consulted was PubMed, in which the name of the fruit was crossed with the descriptors "inflammation" and "chronic diseases", prioritizing in vivo and in vitro studies related to the human species, carried out in the last ten years. It was observed that the immunomodulatory effects of Acai are increasingly clear, however, are not enough to classify the fruit as a tool in the treatment and prevention of metabolic diseases. To make possible more comprehensive inferences, it is necessary that future studies include assessment of the bioavailability of the bioactive compounds present, in addition to being performed using more suitable methods, with humans, containing sample size calculation, control group and placebo.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus reuteri CECT8605

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana I. Sañudo ◽  
Mónica M. Olivares ◽  
Oscar Bañuelos
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Genetic Stability ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
General Aspects

ABSTRACT Lactobacillus reuteri CECT8605 has shown potential probiotic properties in both in vitro and in vivo assays. Besides its beneficial characteristics, general aspects concerning genetic stability and safety for human consumption have been studied. Its genome sequence has been a useful tool to support preliminary conclusions based on empirical observations.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Combined With Antibiotic in the Treatment of Rats With Third-Degree Burns

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanjuan Zhao ◽  
Jinduo Ma ◽  
Yiyi Wang ◽  
Zehua Xu ◽  
Lu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Wound Tissue

Cationic porphyrin conjugate, protoporphyrin IX-methyl ethylenediamine derivative (PPIX-MED) has a potent photosensitive antibacterial effect on clinically isolated bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, (MRSA), Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study investigated (i) the PPIX-MED-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic effect on these three species in vitro and (ii) the effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) combined with the use of an antibiotic on the healing in vivo of third-degree burns of rats with the wounds infected by these bacterial species. PPIX-MED exerted a potent inhibitory effect on the growth of the three bacterial species by producing reactive oxygen species when photoactivated. PPIX-MED-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PPIX-MED-aPDT) had high bacterial photoinactivation ability in vitro, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 15.6 μM PPIX-MED against each of the three types of bacteria and minimum bactericidal concentrations of 31.25 μM against MRSA and E. coli and 62.5 μM against P. aeruginosa. In rats with third-degree burns infected by a mixture of these bacteria, the bactericidal efficiency of PPIX-MED–aPDT-combined-with-antibiotic treatment was higher than that of antibiotic or aPDT treatment alone. This was confirmed by analysis of viable bacterial counts in wound tissue and blood. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that aPDT-combined-with-antibiotic treatment resulted in an obvious reduction in tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels compared with the no-treatment control group and the other treatment groups. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and CD31 (a marker of neovascularization), expressed in burn wound tissue was higher in the aPDT-combined-with-antibiotic treatment group than in the other groups. PPIX-MED–aPDT has a promising bactericidal effect both in vitro and in vivo, and PPIX-MED–aPDT-combined-with-antibiotic treatment enhanced the healing of infected third-degree burns in rats.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus reuteri TSR332 and Lactobacillus fermentum TSF331 stabilize serum uric acid levels and prevent hyperuricemia in rats

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11209
Author(s):  
Yi-Wei Kuo ◽  
Shih-Hung Hsieh ◽  
Jui-Fen Chen ◽  
Cheng-Ruei Liu ◽  
Ching-Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Purine Metabolism ◽  
Lactobacillus Fermentum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Probiotic Strains

Background Uric acid (UA) is the end product of purine metabolism in the liver and is excreted by the kidneys. When purine metabolism is impaired, the serum UA level will be elevated (hyperuricemia) and eventually lead to gout. During evolution, humans and some primates have lost the gene encoding uricase, which is vital in UA metabolism. With the advances of human society, the prevalence of hyperuricemia has dramatically increased because of the refined food culture. Hyperuricemia can be controlled by drugs, such as allopurinol and probenecid. However, these drugs have no preventive effect and are associated with unpleasant side effects. An increasing number of probiotic strains, which are able to regulate host metabolism and prevent chronic diseases without harmful side effects, have been characterized. The identification of probiotic strains, which are able to exert beneficial effects on UA metabolism, will provide an alternative healthcare strategy for patients with hyperuricemia, especially for those who are allergic to anti-hyperuricemia drugs. Methods To elicit hyperuricemia, rats in the symptom control group (HP) were injected with potassium oxonate and fed a high-purine diet. Rats in the probiotic groups received the high-purine diet, oxonate injection, and supplements of probiotic strains TSR332, TSF331, or La322. Rats in the blank control group (C) received a standard diet (AIN-93G) and oxonate injection. Results Purine-utilizing strains of probiotics were screened using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) in vitro, and the lowering effect on serum UA levels was analyzed in hyperuricemia rats in vivo. We found that Lactobacillus reuteri strain TSR332 and Lactobacillus fermentum strain TSF331 displayed significantly strong assimilation of inosine (90%; p = 0.00003 and 59%; p = 0.00545, respectively) and guanosine (78%; p = 0.00012 and 51%; p = 0.00062, respectively) within 30 min in vitro. Further animal studies revealed that serum UA levels were significantly reduced by 60% (p = 0.00169) and 30% (p = 0.00912), respectively, in hyperuricemic rats treated with TSR332 and TSF331 for 8 days. Remarkably, TSR332 ameliorated the occurrence of hyperuricemia, and no evident side effects were observed. Overall, our study indicates that TSR332 and TSF331 are potential functional probiotic strains for controlling the development of hyperuricemia.

IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PROBIOTIC POTENTIAL OF LACTOBACILLUS STRAINS AGAINST SOME HUMAN PATHOGENS

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-35
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Acid Tolerance ◽  
Lactobacillus Species ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Probiotic Potential ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Potential Methods ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

Objective: Curd and yogurt are the major source of probiotic consumed by majority of the Indian population and Lactobacillus spp. are the predominant bacterial species in them. The present study was carried out to isolate Lactobacillus spp, from locally available dairy products and assess for the probiotic potential. Methods: The isolated were identified using biochemical assays and assessed for the properties such as Acid tolerance, Bile tolerance and NaCl tolerance. The identified strains were also subjected to antibiotic susceptibility and Antimicrobial activity using standard methodology. Results: A total of ten Lactic acid bacteria were isolated form different sources, belonging to different Lactobacillus species viz. L. acidophilus IAMb-3, L. brevis IAMb-6, L. bulgaricus IAMb-9, L. lactis IAMb-10, L. acidophilus IAMb-11, L. fermentum IAMb-13, L. casei IAMb-14, L. casei IAMb-15, L. plantarum IAMb-16 and L. rhamonsus IAMb-18. These identified strains were able to tolerate pH-3, 0.3% bile salt and upto 5-6% NaCl. Seven out of ten stains had antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic strain used in the study. Conclusion: In the present study the some of the potential probiotic strains have been isolated from local commercial and homemade sources. The isolated strains were capable of tolerating the harsh similar to human gut environment and found antagonistic to gut pathogens, hence can considered as potential probiotics.

scholarly journals Probiotic Lactobacillus spp. act Against Helicobacter pylori-induced Inflammation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsing Chen ◽  
Wan-Hua Tsai ◽  
Hui-Yu Wu ◽  
Chun-Ya Chen ◽  
Wen-Ling Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

The bacterial species, Helicobacter pylori, is associated with several gastrointestinal diseases, and poses serious health threats owing to its resistance to antibiotics. Lactobacillus spp., on the other hand, possess probiotic activities that have beneficial effects in humans. However, the mechanisms by which Lactobacillus spp. harbor favorable functions and act against H. pylori infection remain to be explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of bacterial strains, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus acidophilus, termed GMNL-74 and GMNL-185, respectively, to inhibit H. pylori growth and inflammation. Our results showed that GMNL-74 and GMNL-185 possess potent antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant (MDR)-H. pylori. In addition, an in vitro cell-based model revealed that the inhibition of H. pylori adhesion and invasion of gastric epithelial cells and interleukin-8 production were significantly decreased by treatment with both the Lactobacillus strains. In vivo studies demonstrated that colonization of H. pylori and induced inflammation in the mouse stomach were also alleviated by these Lactobacillus strains. Furthermore, the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria, including Bifidobacterium spp. and Akkermansia muciniphilia, were significantly increased in H. pylori-infected mice treated with GMNL-74 and GMNL-185. These results demonstrate that Lactobacillus spp. ameliorate H. pylori-induced inflammation and supports beneficial gut specific bacteria that act against H. pylori infection.

In vitro characterisation of two Lactobacillus strains and evaluation of their suitability as probiotics for growing-finishing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1537
Author(s):  
D. Y. Zhang ◽  
H. F. Ji ◽  
S. X. Wang ◽  
H. Liu ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White

In this study, we evaluated the probiotic properties of two strains Lactobacillus reuteri ZLR003 and Lactobacillus salivarius ZLS006. The two strains displayed tolerance of acid and heat, and demonstrated antimicrobial ability in vitro. Furthermore, their potential functions in vivo were also tested. A total of 120 crossbred (Landrace × Large White) growing pigs were divided into three groups: a control diet, the same diet supplemented with L. reuteri ZLR003 (2.0 × 109 cfu/kg of diet) or L. salivarius ZLS006 (3.50 × 109 cfu/kg of diet). The results showed that the average daily gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved in L. reuteri ZLR003- (1–5 weeks and 1–9 weeks) (P < 0.05) and L. salivarius ZLS006-treated pigs (1–5 weeks, 6–9 weeks and 1–9 weeks) (P < 0.05) compared with the control group. Dietary supplementation with L. salivarius ZLS006 increased the apparent digestibility of nitrogen at Week 9 (P < 0.05). The faecal Lactobacillus populations increased at the end of experiment, and the Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in faeces decreased in the two Lactobacillus treatments compared with the control at Week 5 (P < 0.05) and Week 9 (P < 0.05), respectively. Furthermore, the total cholesterol, alanine transferase, aspartate transferase, blood urea nitrogen and haptoglobin levels in serum were significantly decreased following L. reuteri ZLR003 and L. salivarius ZLS006 treatments (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these data suggest that the two Lactobacillus strains may be promising candidates for probiotic products in growing-finishing pigs.

In-vitro- und In-vivo-Wirkung von Schilddrüsenhormon auf das Wachstum von Neuroblastomzellen

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
R. P. Baum ◽  
E. Rohrbach ◽  
G. Hör ◽  
B. Kornhuber ◽  
E. Busse
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Initial Rise ◽  
Biphasic Effect ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Sign

The effect of triiodothyronine (T3) on the differentiation of cultured neuroblastoma (NB) cells was studied after 9 days of treatment with a dose of 10-4 M/106 cells per day. Using phase contrast microscopy, 30-50% of NB cells showed formation of neurites as a morphological sign of cellular differentiation. The initial rise of the mitosis rate was followed by a plateau. Changes in cyclic nucleotide content, in the triphosphates and in the activity of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) were assessed in 2 human and 2 murine cell lines to serve as biochemical parameters of the cell differentiation induced by T3. Whereas the cAMP level increased significantly (3 to 7 fold compared with its initial value), the cGMP value dropped to 30 to 50% of that of the control group. ATP and GTP increased about 200%, the ODC showed a decrease of about 50%. The present studies show a biphasic effect of T3 on neuroblastoma cells: the initial rise of mitotic activity is followed by increased cell differentiation starting from day 4 of the treatment.

Production of Novel Bioactive Compounds by the Bacteria Associated with Some Marine Sponges of Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay, Southeast Coast of India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
V. Ramadas ◽  
G. Chandralega
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Gulf Of Mannar ◽  
Bacterial Symbionts ◽  
Palk Bay ◽  
Excellent Source

Sponges, exclusively are aquatic and mostly marine, are found from the deepest oceans to the edge of the sea. There are approximately 15,000 species of sponges in the world, of which, 150 occur in freshwater, but only about 17 are of commercial value. A total of 486 species of sponges have been identified in India. In the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay a maximum of 319 species of sponges have been recorded. It has been proved that marine organisms are excellent source of bioactive secondary metabolites and number of compounds of originated from marine organisms had been reported to possess in-vitro and in-vivo immuno stimulatory activity. Extracts from 20 sponge species were tested for bacterial symbionts and bioactive compounds were isolated from such associated bacterial species in the present study.

Protective Effect of Boswellic Resin Against Memory Loss and Alzheimer’s Induced by Aluminum Tetrachloride and D-Galactose (Experimental study in Mice)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zerrouki ◽  
N. Djebli ◽  
L. Gadouche ◽  
I. Erdogan Orhan ◽  
F. SezerSenol Deniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Octyl Acetate

Nowadays, because of the industrialization, a lot of contaminant were available ; the consequences of this availability are apparition of diseases including neurodegeneration. Neurodegenerative diseases of the human brain comprise a variety of disorders that affect an increasing percentage of the population. This study is based on the effect of the Boswellic resin, which is from a medicinal plant and known for its antioxidant effects on nerve cell damage. The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of the Boswellic resin on anticholinesterase activity and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) induced by D-galactose and aluminum tetrachloride in Swiss mice. Chemical composition of the resin essential oil was identified by the CG-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity was also assessed by the DMPD and metal chelation methods. In order to understand the mechanism of memory improvement, the acetylcholinesterase, AChE, and butyrylcholinesterase, BChE, inhibitory assays were performed. In vivo part of the study was achieved on Swiss mice divided into four groups: control, AD model, treated AD, and treated control group. The identification of chemical composition by CG-MS reach the 89.67% of the total extract compounds presented some very important molecules (p-Cymene, n-Octyl acetate, α-Pinene…). The present study proves that Boswellic resin improves memory and learning in treated Alzheimer’s group, modulates the oxidative stress and be involved in the protective effect against amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration, and stimulates the immune system in mice’s brain.

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