Evaluation of the potential anti-allergic effects of heat-inactivated Lactobacillus paracasei V0151 in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.W. Liu ◽  
T.Y. Fu ◽  
W.S. Peng ◽  
Y.H. Chen ◽  
Y.M. Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Lactobacillus Paracasei ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear

The efficacy of Lactobacillus paracasei V0151 (V0151), isolated from the faeces of a child, to modulate immune responses was investigated. In RAW 264.7 cells expressing an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-directed luciferase gene, heat-inactivated V0151 stimulated iNOS expression followed by nitric oxide production. V0151 significantly elevated interferon gamma, interleukin (IL)-10, tumour necrosis factor alpha, and IL-1β production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In splenocytes isolated from ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitised BALB/c mice treated with OVA and V0151 at different bacterium-to-cell ratios (1:1, 10:1, and 20:1) for 96 h, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 production was dose-dependently downregulated, whereas IL-12 was dose-dependently upregulated. Collectively, our findings indicate that V0151 might regulate pro-inflammatory factors in macrophages and splenocytes. Furthermore, the T helper 1/T helper 2 (Th1/Th2) balance was also skewed toward Th1 dominance through the elevation of Th1 cytokine production.

Immunopotent Polysaccharides of Different Sources Selectively Activate Human Dendritic Cells.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 3873-3873
Author(s):  
Godfrey ChiFung Chan ◽  
W.K. Chan ◽  
H.K. Law ◽  
Z.B. Lin ◽  
Y.L. Lau
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Xtt Assay ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Human Dendritic Cells

Abstract Background: Purified polysaccharides extracted from plants and fungi have been shown to induce immune responses in-vivo and vitro over the past decade. Currently, most of these polysaccharides are found to be glucan but with different branch structure and sizes. Their relative potency and effect on human immune cells remains unknown. This study aims to compare their relative effect on human dendritic cell, the most potent antigen presenting cell. Materials & Methods: We selected 2 prototypes of purified polysaccharides extracted from: 1) Ganoderma lucidum (GL, Lingzhi, Reishi) mycelium, a widely used herb with long and branching β (1® 3), (1® 6) glucan structure (provided by Prof. Lin ZB, Beijing) and 2) Barley with shorter and different branching β (1® 3), (1® 4) structure (provided by Prof. Cheung VNK, NY). Their characteristics and chemical properties had been reported previously. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) proliferation was studied by XTT assay. Human dendritic cells (DCs) were derived from monocytes and maturation of DCs were determined by: a) immunophenotypic shift using flow cytometer; 2) dextran endocytosis assay and 3) mixed lymphocytes reaction. Cytokine secretions were determined by ELISA test. Comparisons between means were by nonparametric Student’s t test (2-tailed). Results: We found that purified polysaccharides from GL but not barley could induce PBMCs proliferation and maturation of DCs. GL polysaccharides could enhance phenotypic and functional maturation of DCs with significant IL-12 and IL-10 production. DCs were relatively inert to Barley glucans stimulation. However, both polysaccharides did not polarize T cells into the direction of T helper 1, T helper 2 or regulatory T cells. Conclusions: Our study shown that purified polysaccharides extracted from plants and fungi have different effect on human DCs and their potency and effects are probably affected by their respective sources and structures.

Abstract 425: Lycopene Modulates T Lymphocyte Function by Modulating Th1 Responses and Treg Lymphocyte Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynsey M Mills ◽  
Heather Wilson ◽  
Frank Thies
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Lymphocyte Activity ◽  
Ifn Γ

Increased lycopene intake might have cardiovascular benefits, potentially through anti-inflammatory mechanisms. We recently showed that lycopene can influence lymphocyte activity by modulating processes involved in early cellular activation. T lymphocytes comprise different subsets, T cytotoxic, T helper 1 (Th1), T helper 2 (Th2) and T regulatory cells (Treg). We aimed to determine whether lycopene could specifically modulate T-cell subsets function and activity. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 11 healthy adults were cultured for 18hr to 60h in the presence of lycopene-enriched liposomes (0-1.18μg lycopene/ml) with or without mitogens. The secretion of cytokines representative of Th1,Th2 and Treg activities were measured by ELISA (IL-2, IL-1β, IL-10, IFN-γ and TGF-β) or cytometric bead array (IL-4, IL-10, IL17 and IFN-γ). The population profile of Tc (CD3+/CD8+), Th (CD3+/CD4+), Treg (CD4+/CD25+), and the Treg subsets nTreg (CD4+/CD25+/FoxP3+) and iTreg (CD4+/CD25+/IL-10+) was determined by flow cytometry. After 18h incubation, IL-2 concentration in the medium was significantly reduced (-29%, p=0.001) in the presence of lycopene (1.18μg/mL). Similar effects were observed after 36h and 60h culture for IFN-γ (-23%, p=0.015), Il-10 (-30%, p=0.023), IL-17 (-30%, p=0.019) but not IL-4 or TGF-β. The proportion of Treg cell was also significantly increased by 36% (p=0.001) in the presence of lycopene (1.18μg/mL) compared with non-treated activated cells. Furthermore, the proportions of iTreg cells were significantly increased by after incubation with lycopene while the proportion of nTreg cells decreased (-20.5 %, p=0.049). We conclude that increased lycopene intake may be beneficial against atherogenesis by modulating T lymphocyte function, particularly in relation toTh1 and Treg.

scholarly journals IL-10 and TGF-β Induced Arginase Expression Contributes to Deficient Nitric Oxide Response in Human Visceral Leishmaniasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manu Kupani ◽  
Smriti Sharma ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Pandey ◽  
Rajiv Kumar ◽  
Shyam Sundar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Donovani ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
No Production ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plasma Nitrite

Nitric oxide (NO) is an anti-microbial effector of the innate immune system which plays major role in non-specific killing of various pathogens including protozoan parasites. However, due to subversion of the host’s immune processes by pathogens, suboptimal production of NO is frequently found in many infection models. Previous studies have shown suppressed NO production during Leishmania donovani infection, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Availability of L-Arginine, a semi-essential amino acid is required for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mediated NO production. However, arginase is another enzyme, which if expressed concomitantly, may strongly compete for L-Arginine, and suppress NO production by iNOS. In the present study, plasma nitrite and arginase levels were measured in VL patients before and after successful drug treatment, endemic and non-endemic healthy donors. We observed significantly lower NO levels in the plasma of VL patients as compared to endemic controls, which improved significantly post-treatment. Significantly elevated arginase activity was also observed in the plasma of VL patients, which may be associated with NO deficiency. VL patients also showed significantly higher levels of IL-10 and TGF-β, which are known to regulate expression of arginase in various immune cells. In vitro studies with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) further corroborated the role of IL-10 and TGF-β in arginase mediated suppression of NO production.

scholarly journals Adjuvant Activity of Synthetic Lipid A of Alcaligenes, a Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue-Resident Commensal Bacterium, to Augment Antigen-Specific IgG and Th17 Responses in Systemic Vaccine

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunru Wang ◽  
Koji Hosomi ◽  
Atsushi Shimoyama ◽  
Ken Yoshii ◽  
Haruki Yamaura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Lipid A ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 17 ◽  
Adjuvant Activity ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Specific Igg

Alcaligenes spp. are identified as commensal bacteria and have been found to inhabit Peyer’s patches in the gut. We previously reported that Alcaligenes-derived lipopolysaccharides (LPS) exerted adjuvant activity in systemic vaccination, without excessive inflammation. Lipid A is one of the components responsible for the biological effect of LPS and has previously been applied as an adjuvant. Here, we examined the adjuvant activity and safety of chemically synthesized Alcaligenes lipid A. We found that levels of OVA-specific serum IgG antibodies increased in mice that were subcutaneously immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) plus Alcaligenes lipid A relative to those that were immunized with OVA alone. In addition, Alcaligenes lipid A promoted antigen-specific T helper 17 (Th17) responses in the spleen; upregulated the expression of MHC class II, CD40, CD80, and CD86 on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs); enhanced the production of Th17-inducing cytokines IL-6 and IL-23 from BMDCs. Stimulation with Alcaligenes lipid A also induced the production of IL-6 and IL-1β in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, Alcaligenes lipid A caused minor side effects, such as lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia. These findings suggest that Alcaligenes lipid A is a safe and effective Th17-type adjuvant by directly stimulating dendritic cells in systemic vaccination.

The Existence Of T Helper (Tμ) And T Suppressor (Tγ) Cells For The Generation Of Monocyte Thromboplastin Activity By Lipopolysaccharides

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Levy ◽  
B S Schwartz ◽  
T S Edqinqton
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Cellular Source ◽  
Two Populations

Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) in response to LPS stimulation generate increased quantities of thromboplastin activity. Monocytes are the cellular source of this activity and direct lymphocyte collaboration is required for its expression. PBM were separated by adherence into monocyte and lymphocyte fractions. Lymphocytes were further fractionated into T and non-T cells by rosetting with neuraminidase treated SRBC. 1 × 105 monocytes had a basal activity of 250 mU which increased to a maximum 2850 mU when monocytes were stimulated by 10 ug LPS for 6 hrs at a T cell: monocyte ratio of 4:1. No increase in thromboplastin activity was observed when monocytes were stimulated by LPS either alone or in the presence of non-T cells. Moretta et al. have described a system in which T cells are segregated into helper and suppressor subsets according to their ability to mediate immunoglobulin synthesis in response to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) stimulation. Using this system, T cells were further subfractionated into helper (Tμ), suppressor (Tγ ) and T null cells by cytoadherence to IgM or IgG coated ox RBC. 1 × 105 monocytes when incubated with increasing numbers of Tμ cells generated a maximal 4150 mU thromboplastin activity as the ratio of Tμ: monocytes approached 4:1. No increase in monocyte thromboplastin activity was observed above basal levels of 160 mU when monocytes were stimulated by LPS in the presence of either Tγ or T null cells. Tγ cells were observed to suppress Tμ helper cell function with a decrease in monocyte thromboplastin activity from 4150 mU to 1100 mU as the Tγ: Tμ ratio increased from 0:1 to 4:1. Thus, at least two populations within the T lymphocyte series the T μ (helper) and Tγ (suppressor) fractions modulate the expression of thromboplastin activity by monocytes.

A pathway analysis of poly(I:C)-induced global gene expression change in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Chris Huang ◽  
Karen E. Duffy ◽  
Lani R. San Mateo ◽  
Bernard Y. Amegadzie ◽  
Robert T. Sarisky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

To gain global pathway perspective of ex vivo viral infection models using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we conducted expression analysis on PBMCs of healthy donors. RNA samples were collected at 3 and 24 h after PBMCs were challenged with the Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) agonist polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] and analyzed by internally developed cDNA microarrays and TaqMan PCR. Our results demonstrate that poly(I:C) challenge can elicit certain gene expression changes, similar to acute viral infection. Hierarchical clustering revealed distinct immediate early, early-to-late, and late gene regulation patterns. The early responses were innate immune responses that involve TLR3, the NF-κB-dependent pathway, and the IFN-stimulated pathway, whereas the late responses were mostly cell-mediated immune response that involve activation of cell adhesion, cell mobility, and phagocytosis. Overall, our results expanded the utilities of this ex vivo model, which could be used to screen molecules that can modulate viral stress-induced inflammation, in particular those mediated via TLRs.

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