scholarly journals Therapies against Penetration of the Lower Digestive Tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-683
Author(s):  
Kenji OKUMURA ◽  
Masahiro KEIMOTO ◽  
Naoko SUGIMOTO ◽  
Takeshi ITOH ◽  
Takashi GOMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Lower Digestive Tract

scholarly journals Dynamic aspects of ammonia and urea metabolism in sheep

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Nolan ◽  
R. A. Leng
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Urea Metabolism ◽  
Turn Over ◽  
Lower Digestive Tract

1. To obtain a quantitative model for nitrogen pathways in sheep, a study of ammonia and urea metabolism was made by using isotope dilution techniques with [15N]ammonium sulphate and [15N]urea and [14C]urea.2. Single injection and continuous infusion techniques of isotope dilution were used for measuring ammonia and urea entry rates.3. Sheep were given 33 g of chaffed lucerne hay every hour; the mean dietary N intake was 23.4 g/d.4. It was estimated that 59% of the dietary N was digested in the reticulo-rumen; 29% of the digested N was utilized as amino acids by the micro-organisms, and 71% was degraded to ammonia.5. Of the 14.2 g N/d entering the ruminal ammonia pool, 9.9 g N/d left and did not return to the pool, the difference of 4.3 g N/d represented recycling, largely within the rumen itself (through the pathways: ruminal ammonia → microbial protein → amino acids → ammonia).6. Urea was synthesized in the body at a rate of 18.4 g N/d from 2.0 g N/d of ammonia absorbed through the rumen wall and 16.4 g N/d apparently arising from deamination of amino acids and ammonia absorbed from the lower digestive tract.7. In the 24 h after intraruminal injection of [15N]ammonium salt, 40–50% of the N entering the plasma urea pool arose from ruminal ammonia; 26% of the15N injected was excreted in urinary N.8. Although 5.1g N/d as urea was degraded apparently in the digestive tract, only 1.2g N/d appeared in ruminal ammonia; it is suggested that the remainder may have been degraded in the lower digestive tract.9. A large proportion of the urea N entering the digestive tract is apparently degraded and absorbed and the ammonia incorporated in the pools of nitrogenous compounds that turn over only slowly. This may be a mechanism for the continuous supply to the liver of ammonia for these syntheses.10. There was incorporation of15N into bacterial fractions isolated from rumen contents after intraruminal and intravenous administration of [15N]ammonium salts and [15N]urea respectively.11. A model for N pathways in sheep is proposed and, for this diet, many of the pool sizes and turn-over rates have been either deduced or estimated directly.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF PERFORATION OF THE LOWER DIGESTIVE TRACT

1986 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-587
Author(s):  
Hitoshi TAKEUCHI ◽  
Eiji KONAGA ◽  
Osamu KAWAMATA ◽  
Kazuo TANEMOTO ◽  
Kazuhiko KATAOKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Lower Digestive Tract

Risk factors and prognosis of lower digestive tract haemorrhage in severe burns: A 12-year retrospective analysis

Burns ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Xie ◽  
Shi-chu Xiao ◽  
Shi-hui Zhu ◽  
Guang-yi Wang ◽  
Kai-yang Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Severe Burns ◽  
Lower Digestive Tract

scholarly journals Enteric viruses nucleic acids distribution along the digestive tract of rhesus macaques with idiopathic chronic diarrhea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Delwart ◽  
David Merriam ◽  
Amir Ardeshir ◽  
Eda Altan ◽  
Yanpeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Viral Metagenomics ◽  
Dna Viruses ◽  
Mucosal Scraping ◽  
Rna And Dna ◽  
Lower Digestive Tract

AbstractIdiopathic chronic diarrhea (ICD) is a common clinical condition in captive rhesus macaques, claiming 33% of medical culls (i.e. deaths unrelated to research). Using viral metagenomics we characterized the eukaryotic virome in digestive tract tissues collected at necropsy from nine animals with ICD. We show the presence of multiple viruses in the Parvoviridae and Picornaviridae family. We then compared the distribution of viral reads in the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and the proximal, transverse, and distal colons. Tissues and mucosal scraping from the same locations showed closely related results while different gut tissues from the same animal varied widely. Picornavirus reads were generally more abundant in the lower digestive tract, particularly in the descending (distal) colon. Parvoviruses were more abundant in the upper reach particularly in the stomach. In situ hydridization (ISH) of fixed tissues showed punctuated staining for both these RNA and DNA viruses in the distal colon. Parvovirus ISH staining was also detected in the stomach/duodenum/jejunum in distinct oval-shaped structures. Therefore, the location of enteric viral nucleic acid differed widely between different viral families and along the length of the digestive tract.

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