A case of severe invasive streptococcal infection and acute empyema in pneumonia caused by group A streptococcus

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Sato ◽  
Yasuo Shichinohe ◽  
Koji Hazama ◽  
Takehiro Kasai
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Acute Empyema ◽  
Group A

Poststreptococcal Movement Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Martino ◽  
Gavin Giovannoni
Keyword(s):  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Behavioral Abnormalities ◽  
Group A ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders

The spectrum of “poststreptococcal” movement disorders and other behavioral abnormalities has expaanded and the array of neuropsychiatric features associated with rheumatic fever (RF) has been broadened. However, it is difficult to establish a causal link between Group A Streptococcus (GAS) and neuropsychiatric symptoms beyond RF, which has fuelled a long-lasting, and still unsolved, debate as to whether putative “poststreptococcal” disorders such as the PANDAS (Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infection) phenotype are distinct entities or not. This chapter provides an up-to-date overview of the conditions that are well established (Sydenham’s chorea) or proposed (poststreptococcal tic and obsessive-compulsive disorders) as secondary to an immune response toward GAS.

Streptococcal Submandibular Cellulitis in Young Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pisespong Patamasucon ◽  
Jane D. Siegel ◽  
George H. McCracken
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Hemolytic Streptococcus ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ludwig’S Angina ◽  
Group B ◽  
Ludwig's Angina

Six infants with streptococcal submandibular cellulitis and bacteremia were managed in our institution during a seven-month period. Five uncomplicated cases were caused by group B β-hemolytic Streptococcus, and one rapidly progressive case of Ludwig's angina was caused by group A Streptococcus. Recognition of this characteristic clinical presentation of group B streptococcal infection may be beneficial in the management of such patients.

scholarly journals Paediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Group A Beta-Haemolytic Streptococcal Infection: An Indication for Tonsillectomy? A Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarkumar Dhirajlal Rajgor ◽  
Navid Akhtar Hakim ◽  
Sanah Ali ◽  
Adnan Darr
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorder ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Group A

Background. Paediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcal Infection (PANDAS) is the acute onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms following group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal infection. The aetiology remains elusive. However, with group A streptococcus being the most common bacterial cause of tonsillitis, surgical intervention in the form of tonsillectomy has often been considered as a potential therapy. Methods. A MEDLINE® search was undertaken using keywords “PANDAS” or “paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus” combined with “tonsillectomy”. Results. Six case reports and 3 case series met the inclusion criteria. Demesh et al. (case series) reported a dramatic reduction in neuropsychiatric symptom severity in the patient cohort undergoing tonsillectomy. Two case series suggest that there is no association between tonsillectomy and resolution of PANDAS. Conclusion. Due to the lack of uniform data and sporadic reports, tonsillectomy should be carefully adopted for the treatment of this disorder. In particular, tonsillectomies/adenoidectomies to alleviate neuropsychiatric symptoms should be avoided until more definitive evidence is at our disposal. This review highlights the importance of a potential collaborative prospective study.

scholarly journals The Role of Nephritis-Associated Plasmin Receptor (NAPlr) in Glomerulonephritis Associated with Streptococcal Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Oda ◽  
Nobuyuki Yoshizawa ◽  
Kazuo Yamakami ◽  
Yutaka Sakurai ◽  
Hanako Takechi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Biopsy ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Plasmin Activity ◽  
Subsequent Formation ◽  
Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Circulating Antigen ◽  
Group A ◽  
Antigen Antibody

It is well known that glomerulonephritis can occur after streptococcal infection, which is classically referred to as acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN). The pathogenic mechanism of APSGN has been described by so-called immune complex theory, which involves glomerular deposition of nephritogenic streptococcal antigen and subsequent formation of immune complexesin situand/or the deposition of circulating antigen-antibody complexes. However, the exact entity of the causative antigen has remained a matter of debate. We isolated a nephritogenic antigen for APSGN from the cytoplasmic fractions of group A streptococcus (GAS) depending on the affinity for IgG of APSGN patients. The amino acid and the nucleotide sequences of the isolated protein revealed to be highly identical to those of reported plasmin(ogen) receptor of GAS. Thus, we termed this antigen nephritis-associated plasmin receptor (NAPlr). Immunofluorescence staining of the renal biopsy tissues with anti-NAPlr antibody revealed glomerular NAPlr deposition in essentially all patients with early-phase APSGN. Furthermore, glomerular plasmin activity was detected byin situzymography in the distribution almost identical to NAPlr deposition in renal biopsy tissues of APSGN patients. These data suggest that NAPlr has a direct, nonimmunologic function as a plasmin receptor and may contribute to the pathogenesis of APSGN by maintaining plasmin activity.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Group A Streptococcal Necrotizing Fasciitis by Using PCR To Amplify the Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxin B Gene

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1769-1771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Louie ◽  
Andrew E. Simor ◽  
Marie Louie ◽  
Allison McGeer ◽  
Donald E. Low
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Tissue Biopsy ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Group A ◽  
Serologic Evidence ◽  
Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxin B

This study evaluated a PCR assay for detection of the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (speB) gene from tissue biopsy specimens of patients with necrotizing fasciitis. speB was detected in specimens from all 10 patients with necrotizing fasciitis due to group A streptococcus. The assay was negative for all 11 patients without culture or serologic evidence of streptococcal infection. These results suggest that the detection of speBby PCR may be useful for confirming group A streptococcal infection when cultures are negative or not available.

RECURRENT STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION IN A CHILD WITH A CONGENITAL DEFICIENCY OF MANNOSE-BINDING LECTIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
A.S. Levina ◽  
◽  
E.N. Suspitsin ◽  
N.V. Skripchenko ◽  
D.L. Strekalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Mannose Binding Lectin ◽  
Homozygous Mutation ◽  
Congenital Deficiency ◽  
Mannose Binding ◽  
Group A ◽  
Binding Lectin

Objective of the research: to present the clinical and laboratory features of a child with a congenital deficiency of mannose-binding lectin (MBL). Materials and methods: DNA samples of 112 children suffering from frequent infectious diseases were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing (Illumina) using a panel including 338 genes associated with the development of primary immunodeficiencies. A search for pathogenic alleles of MBL2 was performed. A homozygous mutation in the MBL2 gene was detected in one of 112 examined patients, heterozygous carriage of the pathogenic MBL2 allele in two children. The story of a child with a homozygous defect of this gene is presented. The role of MSL deficiency in the development of a recurrent course of a nasopharyngeal infection caused by group A streptococcus, the formation of a chronic disease of the tonsils and adenoids is demonstrated.

scholarly journals Glomerular Deposition of Nephritis-Associated Plasmin Receptor (NAPlr) and Related Plasmin Activity: Key Diagnostic Biomarkers of Bacterial Infection-related Glomerulonephritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Uchida ◽  
Takashi Oda
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Plasmin Activity ◽  
Glomerular Diseases ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Group A ◽  
Poststreptococcal Acute Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Similar Distribution Pattern

It is widely known that glomerulonephritis (GN) often develops after the curing of an infection, a typical example of which is GN in children following streptococcal infections (poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis; PSAGN). On the other hand, the term “infection-related glomerulonephritis (IRGN)” has recently been proposed, because infections are usually ongoing at the time of GN onset in adult patients, particularly in older patients with comorbidities. However, there has been no specific diagnostic biomarker for IRGN, and diagnosis is based on the collection of several clinical and pathological findings and the exclusion of differential diagnoses. Nephritis-associated plasmin receptor (NAPlr) was originally isolated from the cytoplasmic fraction of group A streptococcus as a candidate nephritogenic protein for PSAGN and was found to be the same molecule as streptococcal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and plasmin receptor. NAPlr deposition and related plasmin activity were observed with a similar distribution pattern in the glomeruli of patients with PSAGN. However, glomerular NAPlr deposition and plasmin activity could be observed not only in patients with PSAGN but also in patients with other glomerular diseases, in whom a preceding streptococcal infection was suggested. Furthermore, such glomerular staining patterns have been demonstrated in patients with IRGN induced by bacteria other than streptococci. This review discusses the recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of bacterial IRGN, which is characterized by NAPlr and plasmin as key biomarkers.

scholarly journals Group A Streptococcus pharyngitis among schoolchildren in Mbulu District, Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatuma Makuka ◽  
Steven Mwakalinga ◽  
Hassan Mattaka ◽  
Maulilio Kipanyula ◽  
Alphaxard Manjurano
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Streptococcal Pharyngitis ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Participants

Streptococcal pharyngitis continues to be one of the most common childhood illnesses throughout the world. Recent evidence indicates an increased incidence of group A Streptococcal (GAS) infections, which is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity on the global scale. The objective of this study was to determine prevalence of group A Streptococcus infection among primary schoolchildren in Mbulu district, northern Tanzania. This study was carried out in five primary schools, namely Mangisha, Gunyoda, Kainam, Hyloto and Tsaayo. GAS pharyngitis was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by laboratory investigation using a rapid test. A total of 320 study participants were recruited in the study. Overall, more than half (53.8%) of the children were females.  The overall prevalence of Group a Streptococcal infection was 6.9% (95%CI [4.4-10.2]).  The highest frequency of GAS infection was observed among children at Hyloto primary school (14.3%) while, none of the children in Tsaayo had GAS infection. This study potentially indicates that group A Streptococcal infection prevalent among schoolchildren in Mbulu district calling for the need of education to create awareness of the condition in the community.

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