The Willingness to Pay for Social Insurance

2021 ◽  
Vol N° 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-229
Author(s):  
Walid Merouani ◽  
Moundir Lassassi
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Social Insurance

scholarly journals A Unified Welfare Analysis of Government Policies*

2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 1209-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Hendren ◽  
Ben Sprung-Keyser
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Welfare Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost

Abstract We conduct a comparative welfare analysis of 133 historical policy changes over the past half-century in the United States, focusing on policies in social insurance, education and job training, taxes and cash transfers, and in-kind transfers. For each policy, we use existing causal estimates to calculate the benefit that each policy provides its recipients (measured as their willingness to pay) and the policy’s net cost, inclusive of long-term effects on the government’s budget. We divide the willingness to pay by the net cost to the government to form each policy’s Marginal Value of Public Funds, or its ``MVPF''. Comparing MVPFs across policies provides a unified method of assessing their effect on social welfare. Our results suggest that direct investments in low-income children’s health and education have historically had the highest MVPFs, on average exceeding 5. Many such policies have paid for themselves as the government recouped the cost of their initial expenditures through additional taxes collected and reduced transfers. We find large MVPFs for education and health policies among children of all ages, rather than observing diminishing marginal returns throughout childhood. We find smaller MVPFs for policies targeting adults, generally between 0.5 and 2. Expenditures on adults have exceeded this MVPF range in particular if they induced large spillovers on children. We relate our estimates to existing theories of optimal government policy, and we discuss how the MVPF provides lessons for the design of future research.

Subjective Time Preference and Willingness to Pay for an Energy-Saving Durable Good

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Antonides ◽  
Sophia R. Wunderink
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Durable Good ◽  
Discount Function ◽  
Hyperbolic Discount ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Parameter ◽  
Difference Effect ◽  
Better Than

Summary: Different shapes of individual subjective discount functions were compared using real measures of willingness to accept future monetary outcomes in an experiment. The two-parameter hyperbolic discount function described the data better than three alternative one-parameter discount functions. However, the hyperbolic discount functions did not explain the common difference effect better than the classical discount function. Discount functions were also estimated from survey data of Dutch households who reported their willingness to postpone positive and negative amounts. Future positive amounts were discounted more than future negative amounts and smaller amounts were discounted more than larger amounts. Furthermore, younger people discounted more than older people. Finally, discount functions were used in explaining consumers' willingness to pay for an energy-saving durable good. In this case, the two-parameter discount model could not be estimated and the one-parameter models did not differ significantly in explaining the data.

Determinan Yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Pembelian Produk Hijau Di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-68
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mathori ◽  
Uswatun Chasanah
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Purchasing Behavior ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Green Purchasing

This study aims to identify the determinants that influence the attitudes of consumers of green purchases and the willingness to pay more on green products, specifically on energy-saving lighting products. The variables studied included environmental knowledge, environmental awareness and perceived effectiveness. The sample of this study was 196 students, but out of 196 respondents after the questionnaire was distributed only 189 could be processed. Validity and reliability test results show valid values of loading factors of more than 0.4 while for reliability testing using the cronbach’s alpha criteria above 0.5 indicates reliable. Through the multiple linear regression analysis, the variables of environmental knowledge, environmental awareness and effectiveness are felt to have a positive and significant effect on the attitude of buying and willingness to pay more. Green purchasing attitudes and willingness to pay more have a positive and significant effect on green purchasing behavior. Green purchasing attitudes have a greater influence on green purchasing behavior compared to willingness to pay more.

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