What Drives HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa?

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrystelle Tsafack Temah
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Analysis of HIV/AIDS Epidemic and Socioeconomic Factors in Sub-Saharan Africa

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuman Sun ◽  
Zhiming Li ◽  
Huiguo Zhang ◽  
Haijun Jiang ◽  
Xijian Hu
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Sub-Saharan Africa has been the epicenter of the outbreak since the spread of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) began to be prevalent. This article proposes several regression models to investigate the relationships between the HIV/AIDS epidemic and socioeconomic factors (the gross domestic product per capita, and population density) in ten countries of Sub-Saharan Africa, for 2011–2016. The maximum likelihood method was used to estimate the unknown parameters of these models along with the Newton–Raphson procedure and Fisher scoring algorithm. Comparing these regression models, there exist significant spatiotemporal non-stationarity and auto-correlations between the HIV/AIDS epidemic and two socioeconomic factors. Based on the empirical results, we suggest that the geographically and temporally weighted Poisson autoregressive (GTWPAR) model is more suitable than other models, and has the better fitting results.

scholarly journals The HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa: thinking ahead on programmatic tasks and related operational research

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. S7-S7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rony Zachariah ◽  
Wim Van Damme ◽  
Vic Arendt ◽  
Jean Claude Schmit ◽  
Anthony D Harries
Keyword(s):  
Operational Research ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Why are Testing Rates so Low in Sub-Saharan Africa? Misconceptions and Strategic Behaviors

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Sterck
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Dhs Surveys ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Voluntary testing and counseling (VTC) is a popular method for fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The purpose of VTC is to reduce the incidence of the virus in a two-fold manner. First, testing provides access to health care and antiretroviral therapies that diminish the transmission rate of the virus. Second, counseling encourages safer behavior for not only individuals who test HIV-negative and wish to avoid HIV/AIDS infection but also altruistic individuals who test HIV-positive and wish to protect their partners from becoming infected by HIV. Surprisingly, DHS surveys that were conducted in sub-Saharan Africa provide empirical evidence that testing services are underutilized. Moreover, it is rare for both partners in a couple to be tested for HIV. This paper proposes a theoretical model that indicates how misperceptions about the HIV/AIDS virus may explain these puzzles. More specifically, this study demonstrates that individuals who are at risk of HIV infection may act strategically to avoid the cost of testing if they overestimate the risk of HIV transmission or believe that health care is not required if HIV is asymptomatic. The correction of false beliefs and the promotion of self-testing are expected to increase HIV testing rates.

scholarly journals The urgent need for the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Israel Oluwasegun Ayenigbara
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infection that came into existence decades back; it spread across the African countries in the late 1970s, and is currently endemic across the world. HIV is a major public health problem all over the world, as it has claimed more than 35million lives. There were around 36.9 million individuals living with HIV at the end of 2017, and Sub-Saharan Africa remains the most affected by HIV infection with 1 in 25 adults (4.1%) living with the virus, accounting for 70% of the people living with HIV worldwide. Unfortunately, Sub-Saharan Africa continues to be the continent with the highest cases of infections and deaths from HIV/AIDS even after the implementation of various HIV/AIDS prevention methods. Fortunately, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) offers the world a novel way of curtailing the HIV/AIDS epidemic, as PrEP is highly effective for preventing HIV if it is used as prescribed. This paper discusses the urgent need for the use of PrEP in the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is a review paper in which the meaning of PrEP was discussed, people who need PrEP were identified, the rationale for the use of PrEP for the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa were highlighted, and probable obstacles to the successful implementation of PrEP for the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa were also identified. It was concluded that to achieve the 90-90-90 goals set by UNAIDS to help end the AIDS epidemic in the world, PrEP offers a new and novel way for HIV prevention, and its implementation across all African countries is urgently needed for the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa.

scholarly journals The International Role in the Response to the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa Following Violent Conflicts

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyne Goulet ◽  
Jillian Horowitz ◽  
Jordana Schiff
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
International Community ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Aids Crisis ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
International Role ◽  
Violent Conflicts ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV/AIDS has been a global health issue for decades, one which has often been accelerated by genocide and civil war. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of the international community in dealing with the growth of the HIV/AIDS crisis following a period of violence, by focusing on three different case studies: Uganda, Sierra Leone, and Rwanda. It concludes that the most effective and successful help from the international community against HIV/AIDS is comprised of financial, technical, and structural aid to counter the crisis, and includes collaboration with local governments. However, the international community faces shortcomings if the help it provides is only financial.

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