scholarly journals Active audiences: Social audience participation in television

Comunicar ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (43) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Quintas-Froufe ◽  
Ana González-Neira

The combination of social networks, second screens and TV has given rise to a new relationship between viewers and their televisions, and the traditional roles in the communication paradigm have been altered irrevocably. Social television has spawned the social audience, a fragmentation of the real audience based on how they interact with social networks. This study is an attempt to analyze the factors which contribute to the success or failure of programs with a similar format in relation to their social audience. To do so, the study took as its subject three talent shows launched on the principal mainstream TV channels in Spain in September 2013. The study looked at the impact of these shows on the Twitter network, employing a control form [and developing a categorization and coding system for the analysis with the aim of collating all the data collected]. The results showed that the success of the shows was influenced by the activity in the social network accounts of the presenters and the judges. The conclusions reached in this analysis of the Spanish audience could be used as a development model for social audiences in other countries where social television is not so widespread. La combinación de redes sociales, segundas pantallas y televisión ha propiciado la aparición de una nueva relación de los espectadores con la televisión en la que los habituales roles del paradigma de la comunicación se han alterado. La televisión social ha dado pie al nacimiento de la audiencia social entendida como una fragmentación de la audiencia real en función de su interactividad en las redes sociales. Este trabajo pretende estudiar los elementos que contribuyen al éxito o fracaso de programas con un mismo formato en relación a la audiencia social. Para ello se han tomado como objeto de estudio los tres talent show que lanzaron las principales cadenas generalistas españolas en septiembre del año 2013. Se ha procedido a la observación del impacto de dichos programas en la red social Twitter empleando una ficha de elaboración propia y se desarrolló un sistema de categorías de análisis y códigos con el fin de recopilar toda la información recogida. Los resultados obtenidos indican que en el éxito de los programas analizados en audiencia social influye la actividad de la cuentas de los presentadores y del jurado. Las conclusiones alcanzadas tras este análisis de la experiencia española pueden servir como modelo de desarrollo de la audiencia social para otros países en los que esta no se encuentre tan extendida.

Comunicar ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (41) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristóbal Casanueva-Rocha ◽  
Francisco-Javier Caro-González

At a time when academic activity in the area of communication is principally assessed by the impact of scientific journals, the scientific media and the scientific productivity of researchers, the question arises as to whether social factors condition scientific activity as much as these objective elements. This investigation analyzes the influence of scientific productivity and social activity in the area of communication. We identify a social network of researchers from a compilation of doctoral theses in communication and calculate the scientific production of 180 of the most active researchers who sit on doctoral committees. Social network analysis is then used to study the relations that are formed on these doctoral thesis committees. The results suggest that social factors, rather than individual scientific productivity, positively influence such a key academic and scientific activity as the award of doctoral degrees. Our conclusions point to a disconnection between scientific productivity and the international scope of researchers and their role in the social network. Nevertheless, the consequences of this situation are tempered by the nonhierarchical structure of relations between communication scientists. En un momento en que la actividad académica en el ámbito de la comunicación se valora principalmente por el impacto de las revistas y los medios de comunicación científica y por la productividad de los investigadores, surge la cuestión de si los factores sociales pueden condicionar la actividad científica con la misma fuerza que estos elementos objetivos. Esta investigación analiza la influencia de la productividad científica y de la actividad social en el ámbito de la comunicación. Se ha identificado la red social de los investigadores de comunicación a partir de las tesis doctorales. Para los 180 investigadores más activos en los tribunales de tesis se ha calculado su producción científica. Se utiliza el análisis de redes sociales para estudiar las relaciones que se producen en los tribunales de tesis doctorales. Los resultados muestran que los factores sociales influyen positivamente en una actividad académica y científica tan relevante como la obtención del grado de doctor, mientras que la productividad científica individual no lo hace. Como conclusiones cabe señalar que existe una desconexión entre la productividad científica y la proyección internacional de los investigadores y su papel en la red social. Las implicaciones de este hecho están matizadas por una estructura no jerarquizada de las relaciones entre los científicos de comunicación.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 347-381
Author(s):  
Michele Goulart Massuchin ◽  
Regilson Furtado Borges

Este artigo apresenta uma análise sobre como o jornal O Estado do Maranhão (MA) se apropria da sua página no Facebook como espaço para difundir conteúdo jornalístico. A abordagem metodológica é quantitativa e qualitativa a partir da análise do conteúdo de 608 posts extraídos da fanpage do jornal e de entrevista com a responsável pela versão digital do veículo. A pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar as características dos conteúdos distribuídos pela rede social, especialmente observando o espaço destinado para temas políticos e eleitorais. A análise trabalha com as seguintes características: temas, tema eleitoral, abrangência, valência e interação. Como resultado principal ressalta-se que O Estado do Maranhão concedeu espaço considerável para o tema político-eleitoral, com baixa presença de entretenimento.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Jornalismo; redes sociais; eleições.   ABSTRACT This article presents an analysis of how the newspaper O Estado de Maranhão (MA) appropriates the Facebook page as a space for disseminating journalistic content. The methodological approach is quantitative and qualitative from the content analysis of 608 posts extracted from the fanpage of the newspaper and interview with the responsible for digital part of the vehicle. The research aims to analyze the characteristics of the contents distributed by the social network, especially observing the space destined for electoral subjects. The analysis discuses these characteristics: themes, electoral theme, scope and engagement. As a main result, O Estado do Maranhão granted considerable space for the political-electoral theme.   KEYWORDS: journalism; social networks; elections.     RESUMEN Este artículo presenta un análisis sobre cómo el diario El Estado de Maranhão (MA) se apropia de su página en Facebook como espacio para difundir contenido periodístico. El enfoque metodológico es cuantitativo y cualitativo a partir del análisis del contenido de 608 posts extraídos de la fanpage del periódico y de entrevista con la responsable de la parte digital del vehículo. La investigación tiene por objetivo analizar las características de los contenidos distribuidos por la red social, especialmente observando el espacio destinado a temas electorales. El análisis trabaja con las siguientes características: temas, tema electoral, alcance y la relación com os lectores. Como resultado principal se resalta que el Estado de Maranhão concedió espacio considerable para el tema político-electoral.   PALABRAS CLAVE: periodismo, redes sociales, elecciones.  


Author(s):  
Antonio Domínguez Serrano ◽  
Isabel Gutiérrez Porlán

Los museos en la actualidad tienen la capacidad de potenciar su poder de comunicación y de promoción, gracias a la proliferación de las redes sociales y de las tecnologías móviles en las que nos vemos inmersos en el siglo XXI, estableciendo, de esta manera, una interacción constante con los usuarios. No obstante, todos los museos de la Región de Murcia no han sido capaces de asumir el reto de esta revolución tecnológica. Este artículo comporta una revisión de la manera en que estos centros museísticos están aprovechando las plataformas sociales, elaborando un análisis descriptivo de una muestra de 101 museos repartidos en la Región de Murcia y el límite temporal que se ha elegido para el desarrollo de este trabajo está fijado entre el 1 de enero y el 30 de abril de 2017 en las plataformas Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest, Flickr, YouTube y Google+. Los resultados se caracterizan por la presencia de buenos ejemplos de éxito junto con un gran número de museos que se encuentran al principio de un uso consciente y exitoso de las redes sociales, así como casos de una ausencia de otros museos en la red. Este artículo se constituye, por lo tanto, como un ensayo que prepare posibles vías de análisis futuras, como sondeo del comportamiento de los museos de la Región de Murcia en las redes sociales, y con el objetivo de elaborar una propuesta de mejora de la calidad de la difusión de los contenidos y de promoción a través de estas herramientas, de ahí que se haya considerado fundamental el establecimiento de un análisis descriptivo y cuantitativo, cuyos resultados proporcionen datos fiables para estudios posteriores. Museums nowadays have the capacity to enhance their communication and promotion power, thanks to the proliferation of social networks and mobile technologies in which we are immersed in the 21st century, establishing, in this way, an interaction Constant with users. Nevertheless, all the museums of the Region of Murcia have not been able to take on the challenge of this technological revolution. This article involves a review of the way in which these museums are taking advantage of the social platforms, elaborating an empirical and comparative analysis of a sample of 101 museums spread in the Region of Murcia and the temporal limit that has been chosen for the development of this Work is set between January 1 and April 30, 2017 on the platforms Facebook, T witter, Instagram, Pinterest, Flickr, YouTube and Google+. The results are characterized by the presence of good examples of success together with a large number of museums that are at the beginning of a conscious and successful use of social networks, as well as cases of a total absence of certain other museums in the network. This article, therefore, constitutes an essay that prepares possible ways of future analysis, such as a survey of the behavior of the museums of the Region of Murcia in social networks, and with the objective of elaborating a proposal for quality improvement The dissemination of content and promotion through these tools, which is why it has been considered essential to establish a descriptive and quantitative analysis, the results of which provide reliable data for further studies.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-595
Author(s):  
Carla Montuori Fernandes ◽  
Luiz Ademir de Oliveira ◽  
Mayra Regina Coimbra ◽  
Mariane Motta de Campos

ABSTRACT – This paper begins with a discussion of the concept of populism in order to analyze how Jair Bolsonaro’s criticisms of the press circulated on the social network Twitter at a time when Brazil had recorded the highest number of covid-related deaths, in the first week of March 2021. This paper presupposes that the president’s support network incorporated the populist binary rhetoric of “us” against a “corrupt elite” which is responsible for conspiring and amplifying the effects of the health crisis in the country. As a methodology, we opted for a mixed proposal based on content analysis and analysis of social networks. As a result, we found that the tweets from Bolsonaro supporters claim that the press is corrupt, and manipulates and harasses the president in its coverage of the pandemic. RESUMO – O artigo parte da discussão do conceito de populismo, com o objetivo de analisar como as críticas de Jair Bolsonaro à imprensa circularam na rede social Twitter no momento em que o Brasil atingia o maior número de mortos pela covid-19, na primeira semana de março de 2021. O texto traz como hipótese que a rede de apoio ao presidente incorporou a retórica binarista do “nós” contra uma “elite corrupta” que é responsável por conspirar e ampliar os efeitos da crise sanitária no país. Como metodologia, optou-se por uma proposta mista ancorada na análise de redes sociais e análise de conteúdo. Como resultado, constatou-se que os tweets dos apoiadores de Bolsonaro associaram a imprensa atributos de corrupção, manipulação e perseguição ao líder na cobertura contra uma “elite corrupta” e atribuiu a imprensa o caráter dos efeitos da pandemia. RESUMEN - Artículo de la discusión del concepto de populismo, con el fin de analizar cómo circularon en la red social Twitter el comunicado de prensa de Jair Bolsonaro al equipo cuando Brasil alcanzó el mayor número de muertes por covid-19, en la primera semana de marzo de 2021. El texto plantea la hipótesis de que la red de apoyo al presidente incorporó la retórica del binarismo populista del “nosotros” frente a una “élite corrupta” y atribuyó a la prensa el carácter de enemigo del gobierno, responsable de conspirar y amplificar los efectos de la salud en el pais. Como metodología, optamos por una propuesta mixta anclada en el análisis de redes sociales y análisis de contenido. Como resultado, se encontró que los tuits de simpatizantes de Bolsonaro asociaron a la prensa con atributos de corrupción, manipulación y acoso al líder para cubrir los efectos de la pandemia.


Author(s):  
María-Luisa Sánchez-Calero

The evolution of participatory interview formats that appeared from 2015 to 2020 in the leading digital newspapers in Spain (El país, El mundo, ABC, AS, El diario.es, and El confidencial), as well as Facebook live because it is a new channel for content distribution via social networks, is analyzed. The content of a sample of more than 300 digital interviews was analyzed, considering the narrative scheme between the interviewee and interviewer, the style that the new format acquires on the Internet, the level of audience participation, and the interconnection of the interviewee with the audience/reader. The levels of interaction and reaction of the audiences were analyzed, as well as the possibility of a new type of journalistic storytelling with different levels of interaction that seeks to achieve audience participation, allowing them to feel part of the dialogue, and to expand other possibilities for participation with the interview. This new format encourages online media to evolve towards more dialogic spaces with their audiences using textual, graphic, or auditory language to build a narrative story that fuels curiosity and arouses interest in participation by the audience/reader. Resumen Se analiza la evolución de los formatos de entrevistas participativas aparecidos desde 2015 a 2020 en las cabeceras digitales de referencia en España (El país, El mundo, ABC, AS, El diario.es, El confidencial), y en Facebook live como canal novedoso de distribución de contenidos en redes sociales. Se analizó el contenido de una muestra de más de 300 entrevistas digitales considerando: esquema narrativo entre entrevistado-entrevistador, estilo del nuevo formato en la Red, nivel de participación de sus audiencias, y la interconexión del entrevistado con su público. Se analizaron los niveles de interacción y reacción de las audiencias, y si existe un nuevo storytelling periodístico con diferentes niveles de interacción que busca hacer partícipe a sus audiencias, permitiendo que se sientan parte del diálogo, y que amplíen otras posibilidades de participación en el escenario de la entrevista. El nuevo marco propicia que los cibermedios evolucionen hacia espacios más dialógicos con sus audiencias utilizando un lenguaje textual, gráfico o auditivo que construyan un relato narrativo, que alimente la curiosidad y suscite el interés de participación de su público/lector.


Author(s):  
Virgilio García Aparicio ◽  
Marta Rodríguez Jiménez

Abstract.We currently coexist with the technological revolution. Internet is considered the main between the Information and Communications technologies. The possibilities of Internet are innumerable and appears new innovations every second. Adolescent need construct their identity, differentiate themselves from others and feel socially included. Internet enables satisfy this needs and adolescent can express ideas and problems in forums, social networks and blogs. At the same time, Internet enables discover hidden aspects of the personality without social sanctions, which can improve the self esteem as they can express their true selves. There are many positive consequences of using Internet such as increase the social circle or to share experiences. Thus, computer-mediated communication contributes in the creation of higher social networks and public participation.Key words: Internet, Adolescence, New Technology, Psychology.Resumen.En la actualidad convivimos con la revolución tecnológica, Internet es considerado, en relación a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, el fundamental. Sus posibilidades son innumerables y segundo a segundo siguen apareciendo nuevas innovaciones en torno a la Red de redes. Los adolescentes necesitan definirse, diferenciarse de los demás, sentirse incluido socialmente. Internet posibilita satisfacer esta necesidad, convirtiéndose en el principal espacio de interacción social, dando oportunidad de expresar ideas y problemas en foros, blogs o Redes sociales. Así, los sujetos se pueden sentirse sustentados emocionalmente por otros internautas generando comprensión recíproca. Al mismo tiempo, Internet ofrece la posibilidad de descubrir aspectos ocultos de la personalidad y de la identidad del individuo sin recibir sanción social del entorno habitual, lo que contribuye a mejorar la autoestima, ya que pueden manifestar su verdadero yo al mundo exterior. Conocer y aumentar el círculo social, relacionarse, intercambiar historias, experiencias, etc., son también consecuencias positivas del uso de Internet. Así, la comunicación mediada por ordenador tiende a contribuir a la creación de mayores y más diversas redes sociales, organizacionales comunitarias y participación pública. Es inadecuado calificar las relaciones online como insuficientes e incompletas en comparación con los lazos del “mundo real” ya que forman parte del mismo sistema social.Palabras clave: Internet, Adolescencia, Nuevas Tecnologías, Psicología.


2020 ◽  
pp. 319-331
Author(s):  
Gema Muñoz-Domínguez ◽  
Paloma Díaz-Soloaga

The dialogue that cosmetic brands maintain with their followers on social networks generates a feeling of community and belonging that strengthens emotional ties. This two-way interaction between them has made it easier for many of these brands to opt for content co-creation, and even new products, as a communication and marketing strategy. In this way, user-generated content (UGC) is becoming one of the most widely used techniques. In Spain, research on brand co-creation and its effects is still quite scarce in the fashion and cosmetics industries, although in a recent work Lorenzo-Romero, Cordente-Rodríguez, and Alarcón-del-Álamo (2019) reaffirm the use of brand co-creation as a marketing strategy and the framework of social networks as the most suitable environment to promote interaction between brands and their followers. At an international level, studies such as that of Brandão, Pinho, and Rodrigues (2019) or Wolny and Mueller (2013) investigate the antecedents, causes, and consequences of engagement through social networks and online brand communities in the fashion industry. Shen and Bissell (2013) analyzed the content posted on Facebook by brands such as Estee Lauder, Clinique, or MAC Cosmetics. So, there are previous references in co-creation, brand community, and brand engagement applied to other industries, but none of them combine these three fields. This research aims to lay down the basis of the link existing between co-creation, community, and engagement through an analysis of the cosmetic brands Glossier, Milk Makeup, and Origins on the social network Instagram. Resumen El diálogo que las marcas de cosmética mantienen con sus seguidores en las redes sociales genera un sentimiento de comunidad y pertenencia que fortalece los vínculos afectivos. La interacción bidireccional entre ambos ha facilitado que muchas de estas marcas opten por la co-creación de contenido, e incluso de nuevos productos, como estrategia de comunicación y marketing. De esta manera el user-generated content (UGC) se está convirtiendo en una de las técnicas más empleadas. En España, las investigaciones sobre co-creación de marca y sus efectos siguen siendo bastante escasas en el sector de la moda y la cosmética, sin embargo, podemos encontrar un estudio reciente llevado a cabo por Lorenzo-Romero, Cordente-Rodríguez y Alarcón-del-Álamo (2019) en el que reafirman el uso de la co-creación de marca como estrategia de marketing, y el marco de las redes sociales como el entorno más idóneo para promover la interacción entre las marcas y sus seguidores. A nivel internacional estudios como el de Brandão, Pinho y Rodrigues (2019) o el de Wolny y Mueller (2013) indagan en los antecedentes, causas y consecuencias del engagement en redes sociales y comunidades de marca online en el sector de la moda. Shen y Bissell (2013) analizaron el contenido publicado en Facebook de marcas como Estee Lauder, Clinique o MAC Cosmetics. Por tanto, existen referencias previas en co-creación, comunidad de marca y brand engagement aplicadas a otros sectores, pero no trabajos que aúnen estos tres campos. La presente investigación pretende poner las bases del vínculo que existe entre co-creación, comunidad y engagement a través de un análisis de las marcas de cosmética Glossier, Milk Makeup y Origins en la red social Instagram.


Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1271
Author(s):  
Humberto. J. Prado-Galiñanes ◽  
Rosario Domingo

Industries are nowadays not only expected to produce goods and provide services, but also to do this sustainably. What qualifies a company as sustainable implies that its activities must be defined according to the social and ecological responsibilities that are meant to protect the society and the environment in which they operate. From now on, it will be necessary to consider and measure the impact of industrial activities on the environment, and to do so, one key parameter is the carbon footprint. This paper demonstrates the utility of the LCI as a tool for immediate application in industries. Its application shall facilitate decision making in industries while choosing amongst different scenarios to industrialize a certain product with the lowest environmental impact possible. To achieve this, the carbon footprint of a given product was calculated by applying the LCI method to several scenarios that differed from each other only in the supply-chain model. As a result of this LCI calculation, the impact of the globalization of a good’s production was quantified not only financially, but also environmentally. Finally, it was concluded that the LCI/LCA methodology can be considered as a fundamental factor in the new decision-making strategy that sustainable companies must implement while deciding on the business and industrial plan for their new products and services.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Miró-Llinares

Nowadays it is easy to find public statements about the situation of freedom of expression in different democracies questioning the exercise of this right, perhaps as a result of the political tensions to which democratic states have been subjected in recent years. In this sense, Spain does not escape from these diagnoses. Both international indicators that try to measure the situation and evolution of freedom of expression in different States and academic scholars highlight the excessive criminalization of certain speeches that end up in criminal proceedings that sentence people who make offensive expressions, mainly through social networks. However, in order to reach this diagnosis it is necessary to put together all the symptoms that would lead us to that conclusion. Therefore, in this paper I analyze two main indicators that could shed more light on the state of freedom of expression in Spain and the impact that social networks have had on it. Firstly, I analyze the legislative evolution of expression offences since 1995, to evaluate the limits of certain expressions in order to reach the conclusion that, effectively, over the years the punitive scope of what cannot be expressed has been extended, thus limiting, at least in abstract, freedom of expression. Secondly, I analyze the jurisprudential evolution of all these crimes since 1995 to show that, indeed, the proliferation of sentences from 2015 to the present shows the increase in the criminalization of expressions that are made eminently through social networks such as Twitter and Facebook. To conclude, I reflect on the possibility that the latest absolutory sentence by the Constitutional Court of the singer of the band Def con Dos César Strawberry will increase the feeling that, from now on, all expression is admissible and, therefore, will increase free expression in general and, in particular, in social networks, since, it does not seem that our legislator is willing to rectify in its steps the excessive criminalization of certain offenses. I also reflect on the need to approach freedom of expression in a more empirical way and the need to evaluate not only the limitations that the law and judicial processes impose on freedom of expression, but also the extent to which citizens in general and, in particular, users of social networks, without the need to have gone through any criminal proceedings, have stopped expressing their opinions because only in this way will it be possible to determine the state of health of our right to freedom of expression.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1262-1275
Author(s):  
Vera B. Nikishina ◽  
Marina V. Sokolskaya ◽  
Oksana A. Musatova ◽  
Irina M. Loskutova ◽  
Irina Zapesotskaya ◽  
...  

In this paper, we study the phenomenon of “digital” death, its genesis and the attitudes towards death in the context of social networks of students. As a result of the investigation we have discovered different forms of “digital death and the ways students react to it in social networks. We further investigate the origins of different user attitudes towards “digital death” and the impact of manipulative relation to death in social networks on the social reality. Some students stage their own death on social networks by posting images on their homepage, which has the intentions (i) to attract public attention, (ii) to express their auto aggression (iii) to make fun of death and (iv) to reduce their own anxiety of death by "sharing" the fear with other students. Our analysis shows that the main purpose of staging one’s death on social networks is to reduce the fear of death by creating plans, playing. Keywords: Students, cyberspace, social networks, death, "digital" death, attitude to the death in the social networks.


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