scholarly journals Effect of ash carbon nanofibers on GABA shunt pathway in germinating seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., c.v. Rohaba.) under salt stress

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Carbon Nanofibers ◽  
Gaba Shunt ◽  
Shunt Pathway ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Germinating Seeds

Para-Fluorophenylalanine-induced chromosome number changes in higher plants. II. Tomato and rape

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 929-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Banks ◽  
E. J. Britten ◽  
G. H. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Germinating Seeds

Germinating seeds of rape (Brassica napus L.) and of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), and 1-month-old tomato seedlings, were treated with para-fluorophenylalanine to change chromosome numbers. A number of morphological aberrations were found in treated plants of both species, some of which were also observed in progeny of treated tomatoes. Aneuploids and polyploids were confirmed cytologically in treated plants of both species. The investigations confirm the suggestion previously made for maize, that para-fluorophenylalanine is capable of changing chromosome numbers and the resulting morphology of plants of widely different phylogenetic categories.Key words: Para-fluorophenylalanine, chromosome number changes, plants, tomato, rape, aneuploids, polyploids, morphological changes.

The GABA shunt pathway in germinating seeds of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under salt stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisreen A. AL-Quraan ◽  
Zakaria I. AL-Ajlouni ◽  
Dana I. Obedat
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Gaba Shunt ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Metabolite Accumulation ◽  
Germinating Seeds

AbstractSoil salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting seed germination, crop growth and productivity. In this study, seeds of three wheat (Triticum aestiveum L.) and three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars were treated with different concentrations of NaCl to investigate the effect of salt on seed germination physiology and metabolism through the characterization of seed germination pattern, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt metabolite accumulation [GABA, glutamate (Glu) and alanine (Ala)] and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) expression using RT-PCR. A trend of decreasing germination percentage with increasing NaCl concentrations was observed. Under all salt stress treatments, data showed significant increase with positive correlation (r = 0.50–0.99) between abundance of GABA shunt metabolites and salt concentration in all wheat and barley cultivars for 5 days. Increased GABA content was associated with a small but significant increase in Ala and Glu content in all cultivars. In all NaCl treatments, the transcription of GAD in terms of RNA abundance showed a significant increase in all cultivars with positive correlation (r = 0.50–0.98). Data showed significant association between GAD RNA transcription and the response of germinating seeds to salt stress in terms of GABA shunt metabolite accumulation. The elevated expression of GAD under salinity suggests the need for elevated activity of the GAD-mediated conversion of Glu to GABA during seed germination, which provides alternative metabolic routes to the respiratory machinery, balancing carbon and nitrogen metabolism and osmolyte synthesis in germinating seeds of wheat and barley under salt stress.

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