scholarly journals Genetic diversity and agronomic performance of Slovenian landraces of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko FLAJŠMAN ◽  
Nataša ŠTAJNER ◽  
Darja KOCJAN AČKO
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Proso Millet

scholarly journals Genetic diversity among proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) biotypes assessed by AFLP technique

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Karam ◽  
P. Westra ◽  
S.J. Nissen ◽  
S.M. Ward ◽  
J.E.F. Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Aflp Technique

The Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) technique was used to access genetic diversity between three domestic and nine wild proso millet biotypes from the United States and Canada. Eight primer combinations detected 39 polymorphic DNA fragments, with the genetic distance estimates among biotypes ranging from 0.02 to 0.04. Colorado-Weld County black seeded and Wyoming-Platte County were the most distinct biotypes according to the dissimilarity level. A UPGMA cluster analysis revealed two distinct groups of proso millet without any geographic association. Six weed biotypes exhibiting some characters of cultivated plants were grouped together with domesticated biotypes of proso millet while the three typical wild phenotypes were clearly clustered into another group according to AFLP markers.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis, Genic SSR Development, and Genetic Diversity of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum; Poaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1600137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyu Hou ◽  
Zhaoxia Sun ◽  
Yaoshen Li ◽  
Yijie Wang ◽  
Hubin Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Transcriptomic Analysis ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Genic Ssr ◽  
Ssr Development

scholarly journals Phylogeography and Antioxidant Activity of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2112
Author(s):  
Xiaohan Wang ◽  
Myung Chul Lee ◽  
Yu-Mi Choi ◽  
Seong-Hoon Kim ◽  
Seahee Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Population Structure Analysis

Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) or broomcorn millet is among the most important food crops to be domesticated by humans; it is widely distributed in America, Europe, and Asia. In this study, we genotyped 578 accessions of P. miliaceum using 37 single-sequence repeat (SSR) markers, to study the genetic diversity and population structure of each accession. We also investigated total phenolic content (TPC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and performed association analysis using SSR markers. The results showed that genetic diversity and genetic distance were related to geographic location and the fixation index (Fst). Population structure analysis divided the population into three subpopulations. Based on 3 subpopulations, the population is divided into six clusters in consideration of geographical distribution characteristics and agronomic traits. Based on the genetic diversity, population structure, pairwise Fst, and gene flow analyses, we described the topological structure of the six proso millet subpopulations, and the geographic distribution and migration of each cluster. Comparison of the published cluster (cluster 1) with unique germplasms in Japan and South Korea suggested Turkey as a possible secondary center of origin and domestication (cluster 3) for the cluster. We also discovered a cluster domesticated in Nepal (cluster 6) that is adapted to high-latitude and high-altitude cultivation conditions. Differences in phenotypic characteristics, such as TPC, were observed between the clusters. The association analysis showed that TPC was associated with SSR-31, which explained 7.1% of the total variance, respectively. The development of markers associated with TPC and SOD will provide breeders with new tools to improve the quality of proso millet through marker-assisted selection.

scholarly journals Morphophysiological and molecular characterization of millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) varieties for crop improvement in Western Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Vischi ◽  
Nicola Zorzin ◽  
Maria Bernhart ◽  
Johanna Winkler ◽  
Dipak Santra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Novel Foods ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Ne Italy ◽  
The Usa

Abstract Background Global warming and issues in favour of a more sustainable agriculture suggest a reconsideration of minor cereals in European agrosystems. Compared to other summer crops, proso millet has a remarkable drought resistance and could be used to improve crop rotation and biodiversity. Proso millet is also increasingly sought by industry to produce novel foods such as those designed for coeliac patients. In this study, a thorough characterization of 11, commercially available, proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) varieties was carried out as a preliminary step for crop reintroduction and breeding in Western Europe. Methods The cultivars under evaluation were introduced from Austria, Poland, Russia, and the USA (University of Nebraska–Lincoln). Plants were grown at Udine (NE Italy) and Gleisdorf (Styria, Austria), under greenhouse and field conditions, respectively. Yield components and a range of morphophysiological characters were recorded in both locations. In parallel, 85 SSR markers were tested on DNA samples extracted from randomly chosen plants of each variety and the 12 responsive markers used to genotype the whole variety set. Results Morphometric analyses showed that varieties have several diverging phenotypic traits and architectures. In all instances, yields recorded at field level were much lower than potential yields. In this respect, US selections were comparable to earlier developed European varieties, suggesting that breeding for an increased adaptation is the keystone for a stable reintroduction of millet in Western Europe. Molecular analyses uncovered remarkably low genetic differences and heterozygosity levels within cultivars, confirming millet as an essentially autogamous species; in contrast, large genetic distances were noted among cultivars selected in different environments. Results of SSR genotyping combined with those originating from phenotypic analyses indicated possible crosses to source the genetic variability necessary for selection. Conclusions This study enabled the identification of cultivars that could be used to revitalize the crop in Western Europe and to produce genetically variable hybrid progenies exploitable by breeding.

Metabolism of a Pyrrolidine Urea Herbicide in Corn and Weeds

Weed Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Holm ◽  
D. E. Stallard
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hill Reaction ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Ipomoea Purpurea ◽  
The Hill

Five 2,5-dimethyl-1-pyrrolidinecarboxanilides were effective inhibitors of the Hill reaction. However, only thecisisomers were active; thetransisomers were totally inactive. Experiments were conducted using14C-5328 (cis-2,5-dimethyl-1-pyrrolidinecarboxanilide). A correlation existed between resistance of various plants to 5328 and their ability to metabolize it to water soluble metabolites. Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic.) and proso millet (Panicum miliaceumL.) seedlings were very susceptible to 5328 and were unable to metabolize it. Tall morningglory [Ipomoea purpurea(L.) Roth] seedlings were highly tolerant to 5328 and converted it completely to its metabolites. Corn (Zea maysL. ‘DeKalb variety XL-45′) seedlings which were slightly susceptible to 5328 injury were able to metabolize up to 90% of the parent compound. Corn foliage uptake of14C-5328 applied to the soil surface occurred through the adventitious roots.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND MORPHO-AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF JATROPHA CURCAS L. CLONES FOR SELECTION OF CLONAL VARIETIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-849
Author(s):  
ADRIANA QUEIROZ DE ALMEIDA ◽  
SIMONE ALVES SILVA ◽  
VANESSA DE OLIVEIRA ALMEIDA ◽  
DEOCLIDES RICARDO DE SOUZA ◽  
GILMARA DE MELO ARAÚJO
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Lower Contribution ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The knowledge about genetic diversity of jatropha crop is important for genetic conservation resources and breeding of this species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity and performance of jatropha clones through morphological characterization to selection of clonal varieties for biofuels production. The clones were obtained through shoot cuttings from previous selection in a population of half-sibs progenies. The morphoagronomic analyses of clones was carried out at 180 days after transplantation and were evaluated plant height, stem diameter, number of primary branches and number of secondary branches, number of bunches and number of fruits per plant. Evaluating clones performance, significant results were found for the number of secondary branches. About analysis of genetic diversity, the measures of dissimilarity genetic varied from 0.62 to 13.11, this way, the UFRBPR14 and UFRBPR15 clones were more divergent. The Tocher method was efficient to verify formation of four groups. The characteristics that most contributed to the divergence among clones were branches number, height and number of bunches, and, stem diameter had lower contribution. The jatropha clones differed only in the secondary branches number and multivariate analysis showed divergence among the jatropha clones with formation of four groups. Also, branches number, plant height and number of bunches were characteristic that contributed to genetic divergence.

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