scholarly journals Pollen viability and meiotic abnormalities in brome grasses(Bromus L., Section Ceratochloa) from Argentina

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Agustina LEOFANTI ◽  
Elsa Lucila CAMADRO
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Meiotic Abnormalities ◽  
Brome Grasses

Evaluation of meiotic abnormalities and pollen viability in aposporous and sexual tetraploid Paspalum notatum (Poaceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 298 (9) ◽  
pp. 1625-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maricel Podio ◽  
Lorena A. Siena ◽  
Diego Hojsgaard ◽  
Juliana Stein ◽  
Camilo L. Quarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Meiotic Abnormalities

Persistent occurrence of meiotic abnormalities in a new hexaploid cytotype of Thalictrum foetidum from Indian cold deserts

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Singhal ◽  
Pawan Rana ◽  
Puneet Kumar ◽  
Dalvir Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Male Meiosis ◽  
Meiotic Abnormalities ◽  
Leaf Pubescence ◽  
Karyotypic Analysis ◽  
In The Wild

AbstractThalictrum foetidum L. (Ranunculaceae), a morphologically variable and widely distributed species of temperate and alpine Himalayas is worked out cytologically for the first time from India. Earlier studies from outside India were restricted to chromosome counts and karyotypic analysis. We studied the male meiosis, microsporogenesis and pollen viability in the wild accessions from the cold deserts of Lahaul-Spiti, Kinnaur and Pangi Valley of Himachal Pradesh. Present cytomorphological surveys in the species record the existence of two distinct morphotypes involving plant size; colour and size of leaf/leaflet; dentation of leaflet lobes; and degree of leaf pubescence. All the accessions in the two morphovariants share the same meiotic chromosome number (n = 21) and adds a new intraspecific hexaploid cytotype. The accessions show the phenomenon of cytomixis involving transfer of chromatin material among proximate pollen mother cells (PMCs) and associated meiotic abnormalities like, out of plate bivalents, interchromosomal connections, and laggards, bridges and micronuclei at anaphases/telophases. Microsporogenesis results into abnormal sporads (tetrads with micronuclei, dyads, triads and polyads). The products of such sporads resulted into some pollen sterility and pollen grains of heterogeneous sizes. The persistent occurrence of phenomenon of cytomixis and associated meiotic abnormalities and consequently pollen sterility and pollen grains of heterogeneous sizes in the hexaploid cytotype of T. foetidum seems to be under some genetic factors associated with the genome.

scholarly journals Meiotic Studies in Some Species of Tribe Cichorieae (Asteraceae) from Western Himalayas

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghbir Chand Gupta ◽  
Henna Goyal ◽  
Vijay Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Goel
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Early Prophase ◽  
Western Himalayas ◽  
Meiotic Abnormalities ◽  
Unreduced Pollen ◽  
Chromosome Stickiness ◽  
First Time

The present paper deals with meiotic studies in 15 species belonging to 6 genera of the tribe Cichorieae from various localities of Western Himalayas. The chromosome number has been reported for the first time inHieracium crocatum(2n=10) andLactuca lessertiana(2n=2x=16). Further, intraspecific variability has been reported for the first time inH. umbellatum(2n=2x=10and2n=6x=54),Tragopogon dubius(2n=2x=14and2n=4x=28), andT. gracilis(2n=2x=14). The chromosome report of2n=2x=10inYoungia tenuifoliais made for the first time in India. Maximum numbers of the populations show laggards, chromosome stickiness, and cytomixis from early prophase to telophase-II, leading to the formation of aneuploid cells or meiocytes with double chromosome number. Such meiotic abnormalities produce unreduced pollen grains and the reduced pollen viability.

scholarly journals Meiotic behaviour and pollen fertility of F1, F2 and BC1 progenies of Iris dichotoma and I. domestica

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenji Xu ◽  
Gangjun Luo ◽  
Xiaoyin Lian ◽  
Fengyang Yu ◽  
Yang Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Male Meiosis ◽  
Meiotic Behaviour ◽  
Interspecific Hybridisation ◽  
Meiotic Abnormalities ◽  
Chromosome Bridges ◽  
First Time ◽  
Spindle Fibres

Abstract Pollen characteristics are very important for Iris interspecific hybridisation. In this study, the pollen viability and male meiosis were studied in yellow-flowered Iris dichotoma (Y2), I. domestica (S3) and their hybrids F1, F2 and BC1 (BC1-Y and BC1-S). The BC1-Y hybrids showed higher pollen viability than that of F1, F2 and BC1-S hybrids, which were between I. dichotoma (26.1%) and I. domestica (35.1%). Two sterile hybrids, F2-1 and BC1-S-1, exhibited more meiotic abnormalities (57.3% and 58.7%) than other individuals. During the first meiotic division, a diffuse diplotene stage was observed for the first time in the genus Iris. The meiotic abnormalities included non-congressed chromosomes, chromosome bridges, lagging chromosomes, unequal division, abnormally oriented spindle fibres, nonsynchronous division and polyad, and resulted in reduced pollen fertility. The relatively high frequency of 2n pollen grains was found in hybrids of BC1-Y-2, BC1-Y-1, BC1-S-2, BC1-S-3 and BC1-S-4. Our research provides a new resource for meiotic behaviour and pollen fertility of the genus Iris.

Meiotic chromosome behavior of Haworthia limifolia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 4902
Author(s):  
Afrin Nazli ◽  
Kamini Kumar*
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Meiotic Abnormalities ◽  
Chromosome Behavior ◽  
The Family ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Fruit Formation ◽  
Meiosis I ◽  
Chromosomal Behaviour

Haworthia limifolia is a xerophytic plant belonging to the family Liliaceae and is indigenous to Africa. It is use extensively for its medicinal properties like antibacterial, antifungal properties and used for the treatment of sores, superficial burns, as a blood purifier and to promote pregnancy in women and cattles. In present investigation chromosomal behaviour of H. limifolia in meiosis was studied. In diplotene stage chiasmata was observed showing the possibilities of genetic recombination. Chromosome clumps were observed in diakinesis indicating sticky nature of chromosomes. Meiotic abnormalities like stickiness, precocious movement, formation of bridges and laggards were also reported in both meiosis I and II. A fairly high percentage of pollen sterility that is 73.41% was recorded resulting in failure of fruit formation. This plant could be designated as facultative apomict (Swanson, 1957) as the only means of reproduction found was asexual or vegetative.

scholarly journals Pollen Germination in Different Genotypes of Gladiolus

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Tul Bahadur Poon ◽  
TM Rao ◽  
C Aswath ◽  
PE Rajasekharan ◽  
DP Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Boric Acid ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Hybrid Selection ◽  
Fresh Pollen ◽  
Sterile Pollen ◽  
Germinated Pollen

Fresh pollen of 16 promising genotypes of gladiolus was tested for their pollen viability. Modified cellophane method was employed to assess the pollen viability. Pollen germination media consisted of 15% sucrose supplemented with 300 ppm calcium nitrate, 200 ppm magnesium sulphate, 100 ppm potassium nitrate and 100 ppm boric acid. Highly significant variations were observed for percentage of pollen germination, non-germinated pollen and sterile pollen. The highest pollen germination (76.41%) was in genotype Hybrid selection 88-10-22, and did not differ significantly from Gladiolus callianthus (75.41%), Sapna (75.10 %), Hybrid selection 86-32-11, (73.28 %), Kum Kum (69.41%), Poonam (69.22 %), Hybrid selection 87-22-1 (67.87 %), Hybrid selection 87-1-1 (67.61 %), Psittacinus hybrid (64.64%) and Darshan (63.97%). The lowest non- germinated pollen (10.47%) was in genotype Gladiolus callianthus, and insignificantly followed by Hybrid selection 88-10-22 with 18.77 % and Hybrid selection 87-22-1 with 18.95 %. The lowest percentage of sterile pollen was noticed in genotype Sapna (2.82%) followed by Poonam with 4.00 % Hybrid selection 88-10-22 with 4.82% and Hybrid selection 82-11-27 with 5.22%. Key words: Gladiolus; germination; pollen DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4089Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 47-50

Floral morphology and pollen viability of an endangered and endemic Bromeliaceae species from the Atlantic Forest

Grana ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Valéria Leobina dos Santos ◽  
Catarina Carvalho Nievola ◽  
Adriana de Oliveira Fidalgo ◽  
Shoey Kanashiro ◽  
Maria das Graças Lapa Wanderley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Pollen Viability

scholarly journals A Duplicated Copy of the Meiotic Gene ZIP4 Preserves up to 50% Pollen Viability and Grain Number in Polyploid Wheat

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Abdul Kader Alabdullah ◽  
Graham Moore ◽  
Azahara C. Martín
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Meiotic Gene ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
Mutant Pollen ◽  
Female Gametogenesis ◽  
Chromosome 3B

Although most flowering plants are polyploid, little is known of how the meiotic process evolves after polyploidisation to stabilise and preserve fertility. On wheat polyploidisation, the major meiotic gene ZIP4 on chromosome 3B duplicated onto 5B and diverged (TaZIP4-B2). TaZIP4-B2 was recently shown to promote homologous pairing, synapsis and crossover, and suppress homoeologous crossover. We therefore suspected that these meiotic stabilising effects could be important for preserving wheat fertility. A CRISPR Tazip4-B2 mutant was exploited to assess the contribution of the 5B duplicated ZIP4 copy in maintaining pollen viability and grain setting. Analysis demonstrated abnormalities in 56% of meiocytes in the Tazip4-B2 mutant, with micronuclei in 50% of tetrads, reduced size in 48% of pollen grains and a near 50% reduction in grain number. Further studies showed that most of the reduced grain number occurred when Tazip4-B2 mutant plants were pollinated with the less viable Tazip4-B2 mutant pollen rather than with wild type pollen, suggesting that the stabilising effect of TaZIP4-B2 on meiosis has a greater consequence in subsequent male, rather than female gametogenesis. These studies reveal the extraordinary value of the wheat chromosome 5B TaZIP4-B2 duplication to agriculture and human nutrition. Future studies should further investigate the role of TaZIP4-B2 on female fertility and assess whether different TaZIP4-B2 alleles exhibit variable effects on meiotic stabilisation and/or resistance to temperature change.

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