scholarly journals Lectotypification of Chamaecyparis hodginsii of the Cupressaceae

PhytoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Zhi Yang ◽  
Yong Yang ◽  
Keith Rushforth
Keyword(s):  
Type Collection ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Three Sheets

Recent phylogenetic studies have suggested that the monotypic Fokienia A.Henry & H.H.Thomas is nested within Chamaecyparis Spach, which is in agreement with separate morphological studies. Here the authors confirm a previous taxonomic treatment that incorporated Fokienia hodginsii (Dunn) A.Henry & H.H.Thomas into Chamaecyparis based on the monophyly requirement of taxonomy, i.e. Chamaecyparis hodginsii (Dunn) Rushforth. In addition, the type collection of the basionym Cupressus hodginsii Dunn was found to contain three sheets of specimens, one in K including a vegetative branch (K000088294) and a separate ovulate cone (K001090486), a second one in A (A00022477), and a third one in IBSC (IBSC0016081). All three specimens are marked with Hongkong Herbarium No. 3505, but only the two specimens in K and IBSC possess similar handwriting of “Cupressus hodginsii Dunn”. The two specimens should be considered as syntypes according to the Shenzhen Code. The specimen in K is better preserved but it is a mixture according to the collection label: cones from Foochow (Fuzhou) and foliage from Yenping (Nanping). We lectotypified the name Cupressus hodginsii with K000088294 because the specimen is well preserved and has enough characters for identification. Moreover, an ovulate cone (K001090486) is on the same sheet.

New taxonomic circumscription to Chamaecrista ser. Setosae (H.S. Irwin & Barneby) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 490 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-158
Author(s):  
JAQUELINE APARECIDA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
THAINARA POLICARPO MENDES ◽  
ALESSANDRO OLIVEIRA DE SOUZA ◽  
MARCOS JOSÉ DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies

This work presents a new circumscription and a taxonomic treatment for Chamaecrista ser. Setosae that resulted from previous phylogenetic studies and the analysis of ca. 350 collections, including typus, as well as the observation of populations in field. Nine species were recognized for the series, eight of which are endemic to Brazil, and one firstly recorded for the country (Ch. orenocensis). Are proposed the synonymizations of all varieties of Ch. setosa, the transfer of Ch. amphibola from the Setosae series to the ser. Ursinae and its consequent synonymization under Ch. exsudans, and the inclusion of Ch. multiseta from the Absoideae series to the ser.  Setosae based on previous phylogenetic and morphological evidences. Species are contrasted in a key, with their updated typifications, represented through images and described and commented on their flowering and fruiting periods, their geographical distributions, including, maps, preferred environments and conservation status, morphological relationships, as well as illustrated by their diagnostic characters.

Rediscovery of Pseudobartsia glandulosa (Orobanchaceae), a little known, critically endangered herb after 179 years from India, and first report from Eastern Himalayan state Arunachal Pradesh

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 451 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
DIPANKAR BORAH ◽  
RAJEEV KUMAR SINGH ◽  
PURANJOY MIPUN ◽  
DEIJI NARAH
Keyword(s):  
New Combination ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
Type Collection ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
China And India ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Collection Form

The monotypic genus Pseudobartsia Hong (1979: 406) is represented by Pseudobartsia glandulosa (Bentham) Yu & Li in Yu et al. (2015: 197) occurring in China and India (Yu et al. 2015, POWO 2020). In China, the species was collected in 1940 from Longtanying, Songming, Yunnan and since then this species was never collected or reported from these localities, hence it is believed to have gone extinct from here (Dong et al. 2013, Yu et al. 2015). In India, this species is known only by the type collection form Shivli, Uttarakhand in the year 1840 by Edgeworth (Khanna et al. 1999). Bentham (1846) described Euphrasia glandulosa based on specimens collected by Edgeworth in 1840 from Shivli, Uttarakhand, India. Later, Hooker (1884) made a combination for Euphrasia glandulosa Bentham (1846: 555) under the genus Phtheirospermum Bunge ex Fischer & Meyer (1835: 35). The genus Pseudobartsia was established by Hong (1979) with one species, Pseudobartsia yunnanensis Hong (1979: 406). Based on the study of the type specimens of Euphrasia glandulosa and Pseudobartsia yunnanensis, Tao (1993, 1996) found that Pseudobartsia yunnanensis cannot be distinguished from Phtheirospermum glandulosum (≡ Euphrasia glandulosa), therefore he treated Pseudobartsia as a synonym of Phtheirospermum and synonymized Pseudobartsia yunnanensis under Phtheirospermum glandulosum. However, recent phylogenetic studies (Dong et al. 2013; McNeal et al. 2013), pollen morphological evidence (Lu et al. 2007) and seed characters (Dong et al. 2013), support Pseudobartsia as distinct and independent genus. Because the name Euphrasia glandulosa as priority over Pseudobartsia yunnanensis, Yu & Li in Yu et al. (2015) made a new combination Pseudobartsia glandulosa to replace the latter in the genus Pseudobartsia.

New and known species of the genus Pungentus Thorne & Swanger, 1936 (Dorylaimida, Nordiidae) from Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Heydari ◽  
F. Gharibzadeh ◽  
E. Pourjam ◽  
M. Pedram
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rhizospheric Soil ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Phylogenetic Relations ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
System Body

Abstract This contribution provides morphological and molecular data for one new and one known species of the genus Pungentus. The first species, P. azarbaijanensis n. sp., was recovered from the rhizospheric soil of grasses, collected in West Azarbaijan province, Iran, and was characterized by 2082–2365 μm long females having an angular lip region separated from the rest of the body by a constriction, 33–35 μm long odontostyle, vulva at 43.5–51.0%, 27.0–29.5 μm long rounded-conoid tail, and males unknown. It was compared morphologically with five species: P. angulosus, P. crassus, P. marietani, P. parapungens and P. pungens, which have didelphic-amphidelphic female reproductive system, body longer than 1.5 mm, and odontostyle longer than 20 μm. The second species, P. engadinensis, was recovered in three different regions of Iran (Mazandaran, Semnan and East Azarbaijan provinces). It was compared morphologically with some other populations reported all over the world. Besides morphological studies, molecular phylogenetic studies using partial sequences of 28S rDNA D2-D3 fragments were performed, and the phylogenetic relations of the two Iranian populations with other species and genera were discussed.

scholarly journals The cryptic case of Otomys sloggetti (Sloggett’s vlei rat): Interpreting murid molar morphology in the fossil record

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalassa Matthews ◽  
Turid H. Nel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Research ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Modern Material ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Present Distribution ◽  
The Common ◽  
Molar Morphology ◽  
The Relationship

Vlei rats (Family: Muridae; Subfamily: Otomyinae) have a widespread distribution in southern Africa. They are favoured prey of barn and spotted eagle owls, and frequently become associated with archaeological deposits when the owls roost in cave sites. The phylogeny of several Otomyinae species is enigmatic, and Otomys sloggetti (Sloggett’s vlei rat) is no exception. This species has been referred to as the ‘ice rat’ and present distribution ranges are seemingly limited to mountainous areas, at high altitude, in Lesotho Drakensberg and the Karoo. It was thus surprising and unexpected when specimens closely resembling Otomys sloggetti (identification was based on molar morphology) were found in several archaeological sites on the south and west coasts of South Africa, and also in modern owl pellet assemblages – all extralimital to the current reported distribution. However, further examination of and comparison between these specimens, as well as extensive differences observed between comparative Otomys sloggetti specimens from museum collections, highlighted potential problems associated with the common practice of using tooth morphology to identify fossil murid species. We identified six molar morphotypes from the fossil and modern material, all of which bore a morphological resemblance to O. sloggetti. The material discussed in this paper suggests that cryptic, undescribed vlei rat species, or subspecies, have been in the past, and may yet be, co-occurring with modern populations of O. karoensis and O. irroratus. Phylogenetic studies need to be done in conjunction with morphological studies, as, currently, the relationship between the huge variation seen in interspecific morphology with genetics is little understood, different Otomys species are not always distinguishable morphologically, and considerable chromosomal polytypes have been found. Our findings highlight the need for extensive cladistic and genetic research on the Otomyinae.

Lectotypification of the name Carex polycephala (Cyperaceae): an Eastern Himalayan endemic species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 415 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-254
Author(s):  
ASOK GHOSH ◽  
TANMOY MALLICK
Keyword(s):  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Eastern Himalayas ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
The North ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Recent Estimate ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern Part

The largest sedge (Cyperaceae) genus Carex Linnaeus (1753: 972) consists of ca. 2000 species worldwide (Reznicek 1990; Global Carex Group 2016). In India, 142 species of the genus were reported by Clarke (1894) and ca. 73 species are restricted to the North-Eastern part of India and Bhutan (Noltie 1993, 1994). The most recent estimate of the genus Carex of the Indian subcontinent, given by Govaerts et al. (2019+), is 219, however, in the Eastern Himalaya (EHM abbreviation according to Brummitt, 2001) the number of species is 122; 23 of which are endemic (Govaerts et al. 2019+). The name Carex polycephala Boott (1858: 4) has been applied to the species initially placed within the section or subgenus Carices Hymenochlaenae (Drejer 1844: 10) and subsequently in the subgenus Carex sect. Hymenochlaenae (Drejer) L. H. Bailey in Coulter (1885: 379); subgenus Carex sect. Hymenochlaenae subs. Longirostres Kükenthal (1909: 604). Mackenzie (1935: 297) raised its rank from subsection to sect. Longirostres and subsequently accepted by Hermann (1944: 148). The species is endemic to the Eastern Himalayas (Noltie 1993, 1994) and Sikkim and Assam (Kükenthal 1909). On the basis of previous morphological studies, the section Hymenochlaenae Drejer (1844) was considered as heterogeneous as was projected earlier by Ascherson & Graebner (1902-1904) and Mackenzie (1935). Members of the section are nested within multiple clades and considered as taxonomic dumping ground for “orphan” species (Global Carex Group 2016). Liang et al. (2010) considered the species as unranked “Taxa incertae sedis”. The species has not yet been evaluated in phylogenetic studies.

Resolution of polyphyly in Pueraria (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae): The creation of two new genera, Haymondia and Toxicopueraria, the resurrection of Neustanthus, and a new combination in Teyleria

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 218 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley N. Egan ◽  
Bo Pan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Combination ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
The Creation

Recent molecular phylogenetic studies (Egan et al., in prep.) have demonstrated widespread polyphyly within the genus Pueraria. A new classification is presented here that delineates monophyletic groups previously considered congeneric with Pueraria. This taxonomic treatment provides several new species combinations and a more natural circumscription of Pueraria by reinstating the genus Neustanthus, transferring one species to Teyleria and establishing two new genera: Haymondia and Toxicopueraria.

Morphological studies on the last instar larvae of three South American species of Sphecidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4885 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
SANDOR CHRISTIANO BUYS
Keyword(s):  
South American ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies

As part of the effort to describe immature stages of South American apoid wasps species and to raise, describe, and illustrate new characters useful in taxonomic and phylogenetic studies of this group, the last instar larvae of three species are described: Ammophila gracilis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845, Sphex opacus Dahlbom, 1845, Sphex dorsalis Lepeletier de Saint Fargeau, 1845. The specimens were colected in Brazil and analyzed using both optical and scainning eletronic microscope. Comparisons with other species of the genera Ammophila Kirby and Sphex Linnaeus are provided. 

scholarly journals Phylogeny of Dorstenia (Moraceae) reveals the polyphyletic nature of its neotropical sections

Rodriguésia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Dias Machado Filho ◽  
Leandro Cardoso Pederneiras ◽  
Vitor Hugo Maia ◽  
Andrea Ferreira da Costa ◽  
Vidal de Freitas Mansano
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
African Species ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
Main Clade ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Abstract Dorstenia, the second largest genus of Moraceae, comprises nine sections that are mainly found in Africa and America. Two of them are woody macrospermous, and the other seven are herbaceous microspermous. There are three sections in the Neotropics, all of which are herbaceous and taxonomically complex owing to their great morphological similarity. The most recent molecular phylogenetic studies of Dorstenia suggested that the neotropical sections are polyphyletic. These studies also showed that the neotropical species represent a sister group to an African woody macrospermous grade rather than African herbaceous microspermous plants. We have now expanded the number of taxa sampled and included other molecular markers to determine whether the previous phylogeny are to be corroborated or whether new taxonomic interpretations are to be followed. This study inferred the phylogeny of the group based on ITS, ETS, and trnL-F regions from 40 of the 58 neotropical species and added a new African taxon, thus including 17 of the 60 known species. Our results reaffirmed the polyphyletic nature of the neotropical sections. Dorstenia sect. Acauloma emerged within the main clade of D. sect. Kosaria (both African species), a result that confirms the affinity of these taxa already observed in previous morphological studies. We suggest Dorstenia sect. Dorstenia as the only neotropical section.

Rare sporophyte found in Europe for Herbertus sendtneri with a range expansion to Africa and Malesia

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 324 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
XIAOLAN HE ◽  
YU SUN
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Leaf Size And Shape

The sporophytes of the genus Herbertus are rare or completely absent in some areas. The first discovery of the sporophyte of Herbertus in Europe, on H. sendtneri from a herbarium specimen collected in Austria in 1851, is reported here. We report that finely papillose spores characterize Herbertus species which have originated in the Northern Hemisphere, whereas the spores of the species which have originated in the Southern Hemisphere are tuberculate or shortly spinulose. Based on morphological studies of over 600 herbarium specimens of Herbertus, supported by previously published molecular phylogenetic studies, H. armitanus and H. circinatus are new synonyms of H. sendtneri. It is distinct from other Northern Hemisphere species by its coarsely toothed leaf base, despite large variation in leaf size and shape, and leaf apex cilia. The range of H. sendtneri is now extended to east Africa (Tanzania) and Malesia (Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands).

scholarly journals Morphological, Karyological and Phylogenetic Analyses of three Artemisia species that Around the Van Lake in Turkey

Caryologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelin Yilmaz Sancar ◽  
Semsettin CIVELEK ◽  
Murat KURSAT
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Genetic Isolation ◽  
Natural Classification ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Artemisia Species ◽  
Different Populations

Artemisia is one of the biggest genera in the family Asteraceae, with around 500-600 taxa at specific and sub-specific levels and organised in five subgenera. Due to the high number of taxa, a lot taxonomists are trying to solve the problem of its classification and phylogeny but its natural classification still has not been achieved.The aim of this study is to try to solve the problematic systematic relationship between three different Artemisia species growing in close proximity to each other in the light of morphological, karyological and molecular data.The roots, stems, leaves, flowers structures of the plant samples collected from different populations belong to these species were investigated within the framework of morphological studies. Additionally, the chromosome counts and karyotype analysises of these species were made and idiograms were drawn in the karyological studies. In the context of phylogenetic studies, ITS and trn regions of 22 individuals belonging to 3 taxa were studied. It has been found that there is complete speciation genetic isolation mechanism between the species A. spicigera, A. taurica and A. fragrans that inhibit gene flow. A. fragrans and A. spicigera species are very similar to each other in terms of morphological characteristics. However, since populations of the species a fragrans are otopolyploid, the dimensional values of their morphological squares are larger than those of the species A. spicigera.This study is important as it is the first molecular based study relating with some species of Artemisia growing naturally in Turkey.

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