scholarly journals A synopsis of the Bee occurrence data of northern Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Lasway ◽  
Neema Kinabo ◽  
Rudolf Mremi ◽  
Emanuel Martin ◽  
Oliver Nyakunga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Subsequent Paper ◽  
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Monitoring Strategies ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
Present Information ◽  
The Family

Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) are the most important group of pollinators with about 20,507 known species worldwide. Despite the critical role of bees in providing pollination services, studies aiming at understanding which species are present across disturbance gradients are scarce. Limited taxononomic information for the existing and unidentified bee species in Tanzania make their conservation haphazard. Here, we present a dataset of bee species records obtained from a survey in nothern Tanzania i.e. Kilimanjaro, Arusha and Manyara regions. Our findings serve as baseline data necessary for understanding the diversity and distribution of bees in the northern parts of the country, which is a critical step in devising robust conservation and monitoring strategies for their populations. In this paper, we present information on 45 bee species belonging to 20 genera and four families sampled using a combination of sweep-netting and pan trap methods. Most species (27, ~ 60%) belong to the family Halictidae followed by 16 species (35.5%) from the family Apidae. Megachilidae and Andrenidae were the least represented, each with only one species (2.2%). Additional species of Apidae and Megachilidae sampled during this survey are not yet published on Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), once they will be available on GBIF, they will be published in a subsequent paper. From a total of 953 occurrences, highest numbers were recorded in Kilimanjaro Region (n = 511), followed by Arusha (n = 410) and Manyara (n = 32), but this pattern reflects the sampling efforts of the research project rather than real bias in the distributions of bee species in northern Tanzania.

Verb paradigm in Tomo Kan Dogon: interconnections of polypredicative constructions, grammaticalization, and tonology

2021 ◽  
pp. 252-268
Author(s):  
V. V. Dyachkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anal Ysis ◽  
Syntactic Position ◽  
The Family ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
Tonal Contour ◽  
Relationship Of

The paper deals with the grammaticalization problems in Tomo Kan (Dogon family, Niger-Congo) and, in particular, with the diachronic relationship of polypredicative constructions and TAM markers. Dogon languages are characterized by TAM systems that seem to be dia-chronically unstable since markers with a similar range of meanings go back to different lexi-cal sources in different languages of the family. TAM markers are apparently associated with polypredicative constructions, which are very common in Dogon and preserve some of their morphosyntactic properties. At the same time, Dogon languages are characterized by complex tonal changes triggered not only by phonological context but also by the syntactic position of constituents. These tonal changes, frequently referred to as tonosyntax, accompany the formation of polypredicative constructions and other syntactic phenomena. A thorough inves-tigation of Tomo Kan TAM markers shows their tonosyntactic properties to resemble those of polypredicative constructions. Moreover, assuming that tonosyntax of polypredicative con-structions triggers certain tonal contour overlays, one can account for tonal alternations ob-served in TAM forms which would have been left otherwise unexplained. However, the anal-ysis also reveals that at least two classes of TAM forms must be distinguished in Tomo Kan: one of them inherits the tonosyntax of polypredicative constructions while the other does not. A hypothesis is put forward that the latter class has a different source of grammaticalization and is probably associated with verb stem incorporation rather than with polypredication. Methodologically, the paper shows a critical role of tonology in the analysis of grammaticalization processes in tonal languages.

Families and pain

2013 ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Birnie ◽  
Katelynn E. Boerner ◽  
Christine T. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pain Experiences

The family has long been acknowledged as an important social context where children learn about and receive support for their pain. When a child is in pain, it is the family who is responsible for the initial pain assessment and seeking appropriate evaluation and care. Families may inadvertently encourage the expression of pain and play a critical role in influencing their children’s ability to cope with pain, both positively and negatively. Having a child in pain can also pose significant personal, familial, and economic strains. Therefore, consideration of the family is absolutely critical in the understanding of factors involved in children’s acute and chronic pain experiences (McGrath, 2008). A concentration of research has continued since the last comprehensive review on the topic was published (Chambers, 2003). This chapter considers relevant theoretical models and summarizes current major research themes regarding the role of the family in both acute and chronic paediatric pain. Two illustrative case examples are provided and key areas for future research are identified.

scholarly journals FKBP4 integrates FKBP4/Hsp90/IKK with FKBP4/Hsp70/RelA complex to promote lung adenocarcinoma progression via IKK/NF-κB signaling

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Zong ◽  
Yulian Jiao ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Wenli Mu ◽  
Xiaotian Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ikk Complex ◽  
Breast And Prostate Cancer ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractFKBP4 belongs to the family of immunophilins, which serve as a regulator for steroid receptor activity. Thus, FKBP4 has been recognized to play a critical role in several hormone-dependent cancers, including breast and prostate cancer. However, there is still no research to address the role of FKBP4 on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. We found that FKBP4 expression was elevated in LUAD samples and predicted significantly shorter overall survival based on TCGA and our cohort of LUAD patients. Furthermore, FKBP4 robustly increased the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of LUAD in vitro and vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed the interaction between FKBP4 and IKK kinase complex. We found that FKBP4 potentiated IKK kinase activity by interacting with Hsp90 and IKK subunits and promoting Hsp90/IKK association. Also, FKBP4 promotes the binding of IKKγ to IKKβ, which supported the facilitation role in IKK complex assembly. We further identified that FKBP4 TPR domains are essential for FKBP4/IKK interaction since its association with Hsp90 is required. In addition, FKBP4 PPIase domains are involved in FKBP4/IKKγ interaction. Interestingly, the association between FKBP4 and Hsp70/RelA favors the transport of RelA toward the nucleus. Collectively, FKBP4 integrates FKBP4/Hsp90/IKK with FKBP4/Hsp70/RelA complex to potentiate the transcriptional activity and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, thereby promoting LUAD progression. Our findings suggest that FKBP4 may function as a prognostic biomarker of LUAD and provide a newly mechanistic insight into modulating IKK/NF-κB signaling.

scholarly journals HOUSE LOT TENURE IN BARRANCO, SOUTHERN BELIZE. OPENING THE FAMILY CHEST

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Joseph O. Palacio
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
The Family ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Rural Dwellers ◽  
The Village ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
Source Of Information

Records in private collections of rural dwellers are a significant source of information that remains untapped for ethnohistoric reconstruction. This study uses a little more than a hundred items, mainly house lot rental receipts. It starts by describing how the author was able to access the documents and overcome challenges in extracting the data. It follows with the contribution of the data to understanding house lot tenure in terms of the payment practices by villagers and the system of public lands administration; the overlap among kinship, lot tenure, and residence; and some anecdotes on the village community as part of the larger colonial society of 20th century Belize. In its analysis the paper shows that the Garifuna people are an ideal group for the study of lot tenure, having been formed through violent struggles for their lands in St. Vincent and their recurring forced movements by authorities within their communities in Central America. Finally, the data points to the critical role of women in assuming possession of house lots through de facto residence and exercising headship over household members.   RESUMEN Los documentos existentes en manos de habitantes rurales constituyen una fuente significativa de información no explorada por la etnohistoria. Este estudio da cuenta de un poco más de cien documentos, principalmente recibos de renta. Inicia describiendo cómo le fue posible al autor acceder y superar retos en la extracción de datos. Continúa con la contribución de los datos para la comprensión de la tenencia de predios a partir de las prácticas de pago por parte de los habitantes del sistema público de administración de tierras; entendiéndose con ello, en mutuo acuerdo, la tenencia a través de la residencia. También se narran algunas anécdotas de la comunidad como parte de una sociedad colonial del Belice del siglo XX. En el análisis el artículo muestra que los garfunas son un grupo ideal para tal estudio, habiéndose constituido a través de violentas luchas por la tierra en St. Vincent y la recurrencia de movimientos forzados por las autoridades dentro de las comunidades en Centroamérica. Finalmente, los datos apuntan hacia un papel crítico de la mujer al asumir la posesión de los predios a través del establecimiento de la residencia y como cabeza de familia.

The Future European Labor Supply: The Critical Role of the Family

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Rubery ◽  
Mark Smith ◽  
Dominique Anxo ◽  
Lennart Flood
Keyword(s):  
Labor Supply ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals Insights into the Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Precancerous Conditions and in Colorectal Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6226
Author(s):  
Zahra Pezeshkian ◽  
Stefania Nobili ◽  
Noshad Peyravian ◽  
Bahador Shojaee ◽  
Haniye Nazari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Second Cancer ◽  
The Third ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The Family

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third and second cancer for incidence and mortality worldwide, respectively, and is becoming prevalent in developing countries. Most CRCs derive from polyps, especially adenomatous polyps, which can gradually transform into CRC. The family of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of CRC. Prominent MMPs, including MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-12, MMP-13, MMP-14, and MMP-21, have been detected in CRC patients, and the expression of most of them correlates with a poor prognosis. Moreover, many studies have explored the inhibition of MMPs and targeted therapy for CRC, but there is not enough information about the role of MMPs in polyp malignancy. In this review, we discuss the role of MMPs in colorectal cancer and its pathogenesis

scholarly journals Degradation and beyond: Control of androgen receptor activity by the proteasome system

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Jaworski
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome System ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
The Family ◽  
Prostate Cancer Development ◽  
Androgen Receptor Activity ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome

AbstractThe androgen receptor (AR) is a transcription factor belonging to the family of nuclear receptors which mediates the action of androgens in the development of urogenital structures. AR expression is regulated post-translationally by the ubiquitin/proteasome system. This regulation involves more complex mechanisms than typical degradation. The ubiquitin/proteasome system may regulate AR via mechanisms that do not engage in receptor turnover. Given the critical role of AR in sexual development, this complex regulation is especially important. Deregulation of AR signalling may be a causal factor in prostate cancer development. AR is the main target in prostate cancer therapies. Due to the critical role of the ubiquitin/proteasome system in AR regulation, current research suggests that targeting AR degradation is a promising approach.

The Critical Role of the Family and Community

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Michelle Pacheco DuBois ◽  
Robin M. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
The Family
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