scholarly journals Variability and distribution of the golden-headed weevil Compsus auricephalus (Say) (Curculionidae: Entiminae: Eustylini)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Girón ◽  
M. Lourdes Chamorro
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Distributional Range ◽  
Green Form ◽  
America South ◽  
Similar Appearance

The golden-headed weevil Compsus auricephalus is a native and fairly widespread species across the southern U.S.A. extending through Central America south to Panama. There are two recognised morphotypes of the species: the typical green form, with pink to cupreous head and part of the legs and the uniformly white to pale brown form. There are other Central and South American species of Compsus and related genera of similar appearance that make it challenging to provide accurate identifications of introduced species at ports of entry. Here, we re-describe the species, provide images of the habitus, miscellaneous morphological structures and male and female genitalia. We discuss the morphological variation of Compsus auricephalus across its distributional range, by revising and updating its distributional range, based on data from entomological collections in the U.S.A. and Canada. The revised distribution of C. auricephalus extends as far south as Zacapa in Guatemala. Records south from there correspond to a different species, with affinities to C. auricephalus that we discuss and illustrate. We also discuss morphological affinities and differences with other similar species. Furthermore, we summarise information regarding the biology, host plants and natural enemies of C. auricephalus.

Hysterionica chamomilloides (Asteraceae: Astereae) a new species from the grassland ecosystem of Río de La Plata

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 482 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
LEONARDO PAZ DEBLE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
South American ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
A New Species

Hysterionica s.l. (including Neja) comprises ca. 15 species distributed mainly in the grasslands of southern Brazil, Uruguay, central and northern Argentina and Southern Paraguay. Based on field surveys, study of nomenclatural types and other specimens, and review of literature, a new species is proposed here, Hysterionica chamomilloides, endemic of mountainous regions of northern Uruguay, and southwestern Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. This work provides a detailed morphological description of the new species, information on its geographic distribution, habitat, phenology, conservation status, and discusses the main differences between H. chamomilloides and the morphologically most similar species. Illustrations, images and a key to the South American species of Hysterionica are also supplied.

Hoplonannus australis sp. nov. (Hemiptera, Schizopteridae): amended diagnosis of the genus and first record from South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4568 (2) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
DIEGO DUTRA SILVEIRA ◽  
ALINE BARCELLOS ◽  
ALEXANDER KNYSHOV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
First Record ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
The Right ◽  
New Diagnosis

Hoplonannus McAtee & Maloch, 1925 comprises three species described from Central America. Females of all these species are known only from brachypterous specimens. This paper describes the first South American species of the genus, Hoplonannus australis sp. nov. The new species differs from its congeners, in females, by the submacroptery, presence of ocelli and a basal bulge in the seventh sternite; in males, it differs by the presence of a process in the eighth tergite and the right paramere bifurcate apically, with branches subparallel. These traits entail a new diagnosis for the genus. 

scholarly journals Identification keys to the Anopheles mosquitoes of South America (Diptera: Culicidae). II. Fourth-instar larvae

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Anice Mureb Sallum ◽  
Ranulfo González Obando ◽  
Nancy Carrejo ◽  
Richard C. Wilkerson
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Identification Keys

Abstract Background Accurate species identification of South American anophelines using morphological characters of the fourth-instar larva is problematic, because of the lack of up-to-date identification keys. In addition, taxonomic studies, employing scanning electron microscopy of the eggs and DNA sequence data, have uncovered multiple complexes of morphologically similar species, and resulted in the resurrection of other species from synonymy, mainly in the subgenus Nyssorhynchus. Consequently, the identification keys urgently need to be updated to provide accurate morphological tools to identify fourth-instar larvae of all valid species and species complexes. Methods Morphological characters of the fourth-instar larvae of South American species of the genus Anopheles were examined and employed to elaborate a fully illustrated identification key. For species for which no specimens were available, illustrations were based on published literature records. Results A fully illustrated key to the fourth-instar larvae of South American species of the genus Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) is presented. Definitions of the morphological terms used in the key are provided and illustrated. Conclusions Morphological identification of South American Anopheles species based on the fourth-instar larvae has been updated. Characters of the spiracular apparatus were determined useful for the identification of morphologically similar species, in the Strodei Group and some taxa in the Myzorhynchella Section. The single versus branched abdominal seta 6-IV used to differentiate Myzorhynchella species from other Nyssorhynchus species was shown to be variable in Myzorhynchella species. Also, the abdominal setae 1-IV,V of Anopheles atacamensis and Anopheles pictipennis were shown to be slightly serrate at the edges. Recognition of this character is important to avoid inaccurate identification of these species as members of the subgenus Anopheles.

Three new South American species of Callianthe (Malveae, Malvoideae, Malvaceae) from Atlantic Forest and a new combination

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 450 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-272
Author(s):  
MARTIN GRINGS ◽  
ILSI IOB BOLDRINI
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Northeastern Argentina ◽  
Iucn Criteria

Three new species of Callianthe (Malvaceae) from southern Brazil and northeastern Argentina are described, and illustrated: C. flava, C. maritima, and C. sulcatarinensis. Morphological descriptions, distribution maps, photographs, ecological notes, and a table comparing these species to two morphologically similar species, C. amoena and C. muelleri-friderici, are presented. Two of the three newly-described species, C. maritima and C. sulcatarinensis, so far are considered endemic and according to IUCN criteria, fit into the categories Endangered (EN) and Vulnerable (VU), respectively. A new combination C. costicalyx, based on Abutilon costicalyx, also is proposed.

The first Myrmecotypus O. P.-Cambridge (Araneae: Corinnidae) from Argentina: description of Myrmecotypus iguazu new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2158 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
GONZALO D. RUBIO ◽  
MANUEL O. ARBINO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species

The Castianeirinae genus Myrmecotypus was described by O. Pickard-Cambridge (1894) and currently includes eight species. All of them, except the atypical M. lineatus (Emerton 1909) (only record from USA), occur in the Neotropical region (known from Mexico to Panamá), Panamá being the southern most representative distribution of genus. Reiskind (1969) carried out the revision of the subfamily Castianeirinae Reiskind 1969 from North and Central America, concluding that much more study of more extensive collections will be needed to clarify the origin and distribution of South American species of this subfamily.

A new species of Protium (Burseraceae) from the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 434 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
RICARDO DE OLIVEIRA PERDIZ ◽  
DOUGLAS C. DALY ◽  
ALBERTO VICENTINI ◽  
PAUL V.A. FINE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
South American ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
South American Species ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
A New Species

Protium santamariae is described and illustrated. The new species is restricted to the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica but shares morphological similarities with two South American species, P. kleinii and P. krukoffii. We provide a description, a distribution map, notes on its taxonomy, and a key to distinguish it from morphologically similar species.

Redefinition of the vittata species group of Epicauta Dejean (1834) (Coleoptera: Meloidae) and taxonomic revision of the species from southern South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2824 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARÍA PAULA CAMPOS-SOLDINI ◽  
SERGIO ALBERTO ROIG-JUÑENT
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Species Group ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
First Time

The Epicauta vittata group are commonly known as striped blister beetles and was defined by previous authors to include 32 species, 18 from North America, Central America and northern South America, and 14 from southern South America. In the present revision we revised 22 species from South America, excluding the following southern South American species: E. borgmeieri Denier, 1935; E. floydwerneri Martínez, 1955; E. franciscana Denier, 1935; E. fulginosa (Oliver, 1795); E. purpureiceps (Berg, 1889); E. rutilifrons Borchmann, 1930; and E. zebra (Dohrn, 1876) because they do not have the diagnostic characters of the group. The species of the E. vittata group from southern South America are: E. bosqi Denier, 1935; E. clericalis (Berg, 1881); E. grammica (Fischer, 1827); E. leopardina (Haag-Rutemberg, 1880); E. luteolineata Pic, 1933; E. missionum (Berg, 1881); E. monachica (Berg, 1883); E. rutilifrons Borchmann, 1930; plus two more species E. excavata (Klug, 1825); and E. semivittata (Fairmaire, 1875) until now not included in other groups. We provide a complete diagnosis of the E. vittata group from southern South America, redescribing and illustrating all included species. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of female and male genitalia are presented for the first time for these species. Finally, we provide an identification key for the ten species presently included in the E. vittata group, and update the geographic distribution of each species.

Taxonomic revision of the Pachycondyla apicalis species complex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 834 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDER L. WILD
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
South American ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Taxonomic Key ◽  
Pachycondyla Apicalis

The taxonomy of the Neotropical Pachycondyla apicalis species complex is revised. Contrary to the widely-held view that the apicalis complex contains only two species, P. apicalis (Latreille 1802) and P. obscuricornis (Emery 1890), morphological evidence indicates the existence of three broadly sympatric species. Examination of type specimens reveals that the name obscuricornis has been extensively misapplied in the literature, and that the valid name for the widespread species commonly misdiagnosed as P. obscuricornis is P. verenae (Forel 1922). True P. obscuricornis is shown to be an uncommonly collected South American species. The name apicalis is valid as currently employed for that species. A taxonomic key is provided, along with diagnoses, illustrations, and distributional data for all three species.

Rhynchophorus palmarum. [Distribution map].

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
South American ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Rhynchophorus Palmarum ◽  
American Palm ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Rhynchophorus palmarum (L.) (= R. barbirostris (Thnb.)) (Col., Curculionidae) (South American Palm Weevil). Host Plants: Coconut, other palms and sugar cane. Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Mexico, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, West Indies, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Surinam, Uruguay, Venezuela.

New species of Brachiacantha Dejean, 1837 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Mexico and Central America

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4365 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
JORGE ISMAEL NESTOR-ARRIOLA ◽  
VÍCTOR HUGO TOLEDO-HERNÁNDEZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species

Five new species of the genus Brachiacantha Dejean (Coccinellidae) from Mexico and Central America are described and illustrated. The species B. angulata sp. nov., B. truncata sp. nov., B. brevicuspidata sp. nov. and B. robustihamata sp. nov. are consistent with the dentipes group. The species B. brevihamata sp. nov. is consistent with the fifth group of Leng (1911); the species shares some characteristics with South American species. 

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