scholarly journals A fine line between species and ecotype: a case study of Anoplistes halodendri and A. kozlovi (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) occurring sympatrically in Mongolia

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Lech Karpiński ◽  
Patrick Gorring ◽  
Lech Kruszelnicki ◽  
Denis G. Kasatkin ◽  
Wojciech T. Szczepański
Keyword(s):  
Arid Zone ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Gobi Desert ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
The Family

This paper discusses ecological adaptation based on a case study of Anoplistes halodendri and Anoplistes kozlovi (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) that occur in the arid zone of Mongolia. By applying an integrative taxonomy approach, we revealed one of the first documented cases of sympatrically occurring ecotypes in Polyphaga and the second case of ecotypes in the family Cerambycidae. The results of the analysis of the ecological data, molecular analysis of mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (ArgK and CAD) genes, as well as a detailed morphological examination, which consisted of a study on the male genitalia including the endophallic structures, supported the hypothesis that these two entities, which are commonly considered separate species, represent only ecologically adapted forms that are associated with rocky hills and sandy/gravelly plains, respectively. Therefore, a synonym is restored: Anoplistes halodendri minutus Hammarström, 1892 = Asias kozlovi Semenov and Znojko, 1934, syn. res. The differences in the elytral pattern and shade appear to be adapted to the different substrates in these distinct habitats. A probable scenario assumes that these two forms arose in parapatry, independently in multiple populations, under parallel speciation during the intensification of the aridification across the region in the period during which the Gobi Desert was formed (~ 24 to 2.6 Ma) and they may evolve into separate species in the future. The phylogenetic relationships of some taxa representing the most closely related genera of the tribe Trachyderini were analysed and the questioned species status of Anoplistes jacobsoni was confirmed. Low interspecific differences in the endophallic structures in the genus Anoplistes and between some species of the genus Amarysius indicate that they are evolutionarily relatively young groups. The practical differences between ecotype and subspecies are also discussed.

Integrative taxonomy reveals two sympatric species of the genus Eucriotettix Hebard, 1930 (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4268 (3) ◽  
pp. 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
MING KAI TAN ◽  
SERGEY YU STOROZHENKO ◽  
WEI SONG HWANG ◽  
RUDOLF MEIER
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Two New Species

Limno-terrestrial pygmy grasshoppers are mostly recognised using morphology but characters used are not always clear-cut for species identification. From a faunistic survey in Singapore, Eucriotettix were collected and two new species are identified and described here: E. guentheri sp. nov. and E. simulans sp. nov. This was done by iteratively incorporating morphological, molecular, morphometric, and ecological data. Mitochondrial COI trees, COI cluster analysis, microhabitat preference, and morphometric analyses provide strong enough indirect evidence that the specimens comprise a pair of species. A key to species of Eucriotettix from Singapore is also provided.

Phylogenetic position of two Macrobiotus species with a revisional note on Macrobiotus sottilei Pilato, Kiosya, Lisi & Sabella, 2012 (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada: Macrobiotidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4933 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-135
Author(s):  
YEVGEN KIOSYA ◽  
JUSTYNA POGWIZD ◽  
YELYZAVETA MATSKO ◽  
MATTEO VECCHI ◽  
DANIEL STEC
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
The Family ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis

In a moss and lichen sample collected on the Polish coast, a new population of Macrobiotus sottilei was found. Given that the original description of M. sottilei was based solely on the morphology observed under light microscopy and measurements of a few individuals, we provide, by means of integrative taxonomy, a revisional note on this species. We present a comprehensive set of morphometric and morphological data from light and scanning electron microscopy analysis together with nucleotide sequences of three nuclear (18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS-2) and one mitochondrial (COI) DNA fragments. We also provide the same set of DNA sequences for Macrobiotus glebkai from a population recently found in Eastern Ukraine and elucidate the phylogenetic position of these two taxa within the family Macrobiotidae. Moreover, the terminology of cuticular bars in macrobiotid legs, and pillars within the egg chorion ornamentation in the Macrobiotus hufelandi morphogroup, are also discussed. 

Redescription of Parameletus chelifer Bengtsson and P. minor (Bengtsson), with keys to nymphal and adult stages of the Fennoscandian species of Siphlonuridae (Ephemeroptera)

1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Nilsson ◽  
Olle Söderström
Keyword(s):  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Senior Author ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Northern Fennoscandia ◽  
The Family

AbstractIt is established by electrophoretic analysis and morphological examination that Parameletus chelifer and P. minor are two separate species. A redescription of the major life-stages of the two species is given together with notes on the distribution in northern Fennoscandia. Keys to adult and nymphal stages are given for Fennoscandian species of the family Siphlonuridae. Lectotypes are designated by the senior author for P. chelifer Bengtsson and P. minor (Bengtsson).

A Family With Autosomal-Dominant Progressive Sensorineural Hearing Loss

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Halpin ◽  
Barbara Herrmann ◽  
Margaret Whearty
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Language Pathology

The family described in this article provides an unusual opportunity to relate findings from genetic, histological, electrophysiological, psychophysical, and rehabilitative investigation. Although the total number evaluated is large (49), the known, living affected population is smaller (14), and these are spread from age 20 to age 59. As a result, the findings described above are those of a large-scale case study. Clearly, more data will be available through longitudinal study of the individuals documented in the course of this investigation but, given the slow nature of the progression in this disease, such studies will be undertaken after an interval of several years. The general picture presented to the audiologist who must rehabilitate these cases is that of a progressive cochlear degeneration that affects only thresholds at first, and then rapidly diminishes speech intelligibility. The expected result is that, after normal language development, the patient may accept hearing aids well, encouraged by the support of the family. Performance and satisfaction with the hearing aids is good, until the onset of the speech intelligibility loss, at which time the patient will encounter serious difficulties and may reject hearing aids as unhelpful. As the histological and electrophysiological results indicate, however, the eighth nerve remains viable, especially in the younger affected members, and success with cochlear implantation may be expected. Audiologic counseling efforts are aided by the presence of role models and support from the other affected members of the family. Speech-language pathology services were not considered important by the members of this family since their speech production developed normally and has remained very good. Self-correction of speech was supported by hearing aids and cochlear implants (Case 5’s speech production was documented in Perkell, Lane, Svirsky, & Webster, 1992). These patients received genetic counseling and, due to the high penetrance of the disease, exhibited serious concerns regarding future generations and the hope of a cure.

Edukasi dan Peningkatan Kualitas Pengelolaan Obat di Rumah Tangga: Studi Kasus di Dusun Sidasari Wetan Desa Kubangkangkung Kawunganten Cilacap (Education and Quality Improvement of Drug Management in Family: A Case Study at Dusun Sidasari Wetan, Kubang

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Hendri Wasito ◽  
Hening Pratiwi ◽  
Adi Wibowo ◽  
Nia Kurnia Solihat
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Drug Management ◽  
Educational Effort ◽  
The Family ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Drugs are an important component of health services that are the needs of the community. There is still a lack ofcommunity knowledge of medicines and management especially for family members, hence an educational effort as well asimprovement of quality of drug management in family through training program and mentoring by pharmacist. Thiscommunity service activity aims to determine the knowledge and attitude of the community in managing drugs in the familyand improve the quality of drug management by the community in the family. The activity was conducted in SidasariWetanKubangkangkung Village Kawunganten Cilacap. The workshop on drug management in family was conducted by pharmaciststo the 33 participants. Data collection was done by using questionnaire and observation through home visit. The result of theactivity shows that the increase of knowledge and attitude of the society in managing drugs in the familywere 10% and 7%,respectively. Workshop activities and mentoring by pharmacists can provide benefits and behavioral changes in family drugsmanagement.

A Case Study of Non-Adoption: The Values of Location Tracking in the Family

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asimina Vasalou ◽  
Anne-Marie Oostveen ◽  
Adam N. Joinson
Keyword(s):  
Location Tracking ◽  
The Family

scholarly journals Looking at the Nudibranch Family Myrrhinidae (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) from a Mitochondrial ‘2D Folding Structure’ Point of View

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 583
Author(s):  
Giulia Furfaro ◽  
Paolo Mariottini
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Past Study ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
The Past ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Folding Structure ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

Integrative taxonomy is an evolving field of multidisciplinary studies often utilised to elucidate phylogenetic reconstructions that were poorly understood in the past. The systematics of many taxa have been resolved by combining data from different research approaches, i.e., molecular, ecological, behavioural, morphological and chemical. Regarding molecular analysis, there is currently a search for new genetic markers that could be diagnostic at different taxonomic levels and that can be added to the canonical ones. In marine Heterobranchia, the most widely used mitochondrial markers, COI and 16S, are usually analysed by comparing the primary sequence. The 16S rRNA molecule can be folded into a 2D secondary structure that has been poorly exploited in the past study of heterobranchs, despite 2D molecular analyses being sources of possible diagnostic characters. Comparison of the results from the phylogenetic analyses of a concatenated (the nuclear H3 and the mitochondrial COI and 16S markers) dataset (including 30 species belonging to eight accepted genera) and from the 2D folding structure analyses of the 16S rRNA from the type species of the genera investigated demonstrated the diagnostic power of this RNA molecule to reveal the systematics of four genera belonging to the family Myrrhinidae (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia). The “molecular morphological” approach to the 16S rRNA revealed to be a powerful tool to delimit at both species and genus taxonomic levels and to be a useful way of recovering information that is usually lost in phylogenetic analyses. While the validity of the genera Godiva, Hermissenda and Phyllodesmium are confirmed, a new genus is necessary and introduced for Dondice banyulensis, Nemesis gen. nov. and the monospecific genus Nanuca is here synonymised with Dondice, with Nanuca sebastiani transferred into Dondice as Dondice sebastiani comb. nov.

scholarly journals Unexpected Diversity in Regenerating Sites Stresses the Importance of Baselines: A Case Study With Bats (Order Chiroptera) on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 194008292110281
Author(s):  
Elène Haave-Audet ◽  
Doris Audet ◽  
Michelle Monge-Velazquez ◽  
Eleanor Flatt ◽  
Andrew Whitworth
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Osa Peninsula ◽  
The Family ◽  
Aerial Insectivores ◽  
Baseline State

Introduction: Background and Research Aims: Assessing biodiversity recovery is key to determine whether the objectives of habitat restoration for conservation are met. Many restoration initiatives use cross-sectional comparisons of wildlife communities to infer restoration impact instead of longitudinal assessments from a baseline state. Using an indicator of biodiversity in the neotropics— bats— we demonstrate how assessing community diversity and composition in an area targeted for restoration prior to implementation, and when compared to surrounding intact forest, provides the groundwork to track changes in the community post-restoration. Methods We assessed bat communities by 1) using mist-net surveys to identify species in the family Phyllostomidae (leaf-nosed bats), and 2) conducting acoustic surveys to identify non-phyllostomid species (aerial insectivores). Results For both groups, we found that areas targeted for restoration had similar diversity as the surrounding forest, but the two habitat types differed in community composition. Phyllostomids were captured at higher rates in forest, but aerial insectivores were detected at higher rates in restoration habitat. Conclusion Our baseline assessment revealed unexpected diversity in areas targeted for restoration. The presence of all trophic groups in restoration habitat suggests that bats provide key ecosystem services in the restoration process, such as through seed dispersal, pollination and insect pest control. Implications for Conservation: Conducting a baseline survey of bats in areas targeted for restoration demonstrated that the community was not species poor at the baseline and was different from the surrounding forest, allowing us to better track restoration success and the effects of different restoration treatments.

Innovative promotional strategies and diversification of flavoured mass merchandise cigar products: a case study of Swedish match

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ollie Ganz ◽  
Mary Hrywna ◽  
Kevin R J Schroth ◽  
Cristine D Delnevo
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Authority ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
The Family ◽  
Promotional Efforts ◽  
Promotional Strategies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The U.S

In 2009, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (TCA) granted the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulatory authority over tobacco products, although initially this only included cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and roll-your-own tobacco. In 2016, the deeming rule extended regulatory authority to include all tobacco products, including cigars. The deeming rule prohibited the introduction of new tobacco products into the marketplace without proper marketing authorisation and laid out pathways for tobacco companies to follow. The deeming rule should have frozen the cigar marketplace in 2016. In this paper, we describe how the cigarillo marketplace, nevertheless, continues to diversify with new brands, flavors, styles and packaging sizes entering the market regularly. As an example, we highlight recent promotional efforts by Swedish Match North America (Swedish Match) for their popular cigarillo brands, including White Owl, Night Owl and Garcia y Vega’s Game brand. We argue that ambiguities in the TCA make it unclear whether Swedish Match’s seemingly new cigarillos fit the definition of new tobacco products and, if so, whether they are on the market legally. Swedish Match and other cigarillo companies may be taking advantage of these ambiguities to promote a variety of cigarillo flavors and styles in innovative ways. Given that cigars are combustible tobacco products that pose many of the same risks as cigarettes, this business practice raises significant concerns regarding the protection of public health, particularly among young people.

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