scholarly journals Distribution of herpetofauna in caves of Portuguese karst massifs

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Marques ◽  
Joana Soares ◽  
Fernando Gonçalves ◽  
Sérgio Marques ◽  
Ana Sofia P. S. Reboleira
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Karst Region ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Potential Habitat ◽  
Salamandra Salamandra ◽  
Triturus Marmoratus ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Amphibians are frequently found exploring subterranean environments. Even though in Europe there are already some reports of amphibians present in subterranean habitats, in Portugal there is a major lack of knowledge of these ecosystems, namely in the karst region. Considering the relevance of amphibians and their current conservational status, it is important to assess their presence in every potential habitat. In order to provide further knowledge over this subject a preliminary survey was carried out in two Portuguese karst massifs, Estremenho and Sicó. A total of 24 caves were surveyed and as result three species (Tarentola mauritanica; Salamandra salamandra and Pleorodeles waltl) were found in Estremenho karst massif, and two species (Triturus marmoratus and Bufo bufo) were observed in Sicó karst massif. Furthermore, evidences were found that P. waltl uses caves for reproduction, which had only been reported once in Spain. This allowed perceiving that herpetofauna species occupy caves of Portuguese karst massifs and are also using them as reproduction sites.

scholarly journals Penyuluhan Tentang Imunisasi di Puskesmas Rawat Inap Kemiling Bandar Lampung

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1155-1159
Author(s):  
Festy Ladyani ◽  
Sri Maria Puji Lestari ◽  
Khairunisa Firdani ◽  
Resti Arania ◽  
Neno Fitriyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Center ◽  
National Health ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Efficient Strategy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Center Area ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

ABSTRAK Tingkat kesehatan pada bayi perlu mendapatkan perhatian mengingat bayi atau anak sebagai penerus Bangsa. Imunisasi merupakan suatu strategi yang efektif dan efisien dalam meningkatkan derajat kesehatan nasional. Alasan beberapa bayi tidak mendapatkan imunisasi lengkap yaitu karena alasan informasi, motivasi dan situasi. Alasan informasi berupa kurangnya pengetahuan ibu tentang kebutuhan, kelengkapan, dan jadwal imunisasi, ketakutan akan imunisasi dan adanya persepsi salah yang beredar di masyarakat tentang imunisasi. Dan yang paling berpengaruh yaitu ketidaktahuan ibu tentang penting nya imunisasi, ketidaktahuan ibu tentang waktu yang tepat untuk imunisasi dan ketakutan akan efek samping dari imunisasi. Berdasarkan survey pendahuluan menunjukkan beberapa posyandu di wilayah puskesmas rawat inap kemiling tidak terdapat poster imunisasi yang mempengaruhi kurangnya pengetahuan ibu tentang imunisasi. Tujuan dari penyuluhan ini yaitu memberikan informasi tentang pentingnya imunisasi pada anak. Kata Kunci : Penyuluhan, Imunisasi, Anak ABSTRACT The level of health in infants needs attention considering that babies or children are the successors of the Nation. Immunization is an effective and efficient strategy in increasing the national health status. The reason some babies do not get complete immunization is due to information, motivation, and circumstances. The reasons for the information were in the form of the mother's lack of knowledge about immunization needs, completeness, and schedule, fear of immunization, and the wrong perception circulating in the community about immunization. And the most influential thing is the mother's ignorance about the importance of immunization, the mother's ignorance about the right time for immunization, and fear of side effects of immunization. Based on the preliminary survey, it shows that several posyandu in the inpatient health center area of Kemiling do not have immunization posters which affects the lack of knowledge of mothers about immunization. The purpose of this counseling is to provide information about the importance of immunization in children. Keywords: Counseling, Immunization, Children

scholarly journals Influence of substrate types and morphological traits on movement behavior in a toad and newt species

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e6053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Trochet ◽  
Hugo Le Chevalier ◽  
Olivier Calvez ◽  
Alexandre Ribéron ◽  
Romain Bertrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Population Extinction ◽  
Heterogeneous Landscapes ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Heterogeneous Habitats ◽  
Influence Of Substrate ◽  
Triturus Marmoratus

Background Inter-patch movements may lead to genetic mixing, decreasing both inbreeding and population extinction risks, and is hence a crucial aspect of amphibian meta-population dynamics. Traveling through heterogeneous landscapes might be particularly risky for amphibians. Understanding how these species perceive their environment and how they move in heterogeneous habitats is an essential step in explaining metapopulation dynamics and can be important for predicting species’ responses to climate change and for conservation policy and management. Methods Using an experimental approach, the present study focused on the movement behavior (crossing speed and number of stops) on different substrates mimicking landscape components (human-made and natural substrates) in two amphibian species contrasting in locomotion mode: the common toad (Bufo bufo), a hopping and burrowing anuran and the marbled newt (Triturus marmoratus), a walking salamander. We tested the hypothesis that species reaction to substrate is dependent on specific ecological requirements or locomotion modes because of morphological and behavioral differences. Results In both species, substrate type influenced individual crossing speed, with individuals moving faster on soil than on concrete substrate. We also demonstrated that long-legged individuals moved faster than individuals with short legs. In both species, the number of stops was higher in females than in males. In common toads, the number of stops did not vary between substrates tested, whereas in marbled newts the number of stops was higher on concrete than on soil substrate. Discussion We highlighted that concrete substrate (mimicking roads) negatively affect the crossing speed of both studied species, with an effect potentially higher in marbled newts. Our findings corroborate negative effects of such heterogeneous landscapes on movement behavior of two amphibian species, which may have implications for the dynamics of metapopulations.

scholarly journals Impact of secondary roads on wildlife of coastal center region Portugal and differences between before and post fire.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Miguel Regateiro Cruz ◽  
Joana Lima ◽  
António Luis ◽  
Ulisses Miranda Azeiteiro
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Salamandra Salamandra ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Anthropogenic activities affect ecosystems creating stress and new disturbances. Among these anthropogenic activities, we highlight roads that are main cause of habitat segmentation. As roads were built to accommodate traffic in rural areas, rate of vehicle-wildlife collisions has significantly expanded, thereby causing a direct decrease in population size. This study was conducted in Portugal (country's western central coast) and assessed impact of secondary roads on wildlife, as well as the influence that a catastrophic event, like a great fire, has on this wildlife. Practical work was carried out during 15 months (from October 2016 to December 2017), two consecutive days per week, first day being used for "road cleaning", that is, collection of all animals found on road, followed of their identification, and second day for morning and afternoon collection and identification of dead animals found on same tracks. Results In Agricultural Zone, vertebrate deaths on the road covered 17 species. Birds were the most affected , followed by amphibians, mammals and reptiles. The most fragile species were Passer domesticus and Salamandra salamandra. Two hotspots were recognized, one on each road. In Forestral Zone, vertebrate deaths on road included 26 species. Mammals were most vulnerable in this area followed by birds, amphibians and reptiles. Bufo bufo and Salamandra salamandra were the most vulnerable species. On the contrary, differences between roads composition were clear: there were only deaths on asphalted roads. Differences between before and after fire are evident Conclusions In this study, it was concluded that different zones and therefore different habitats should be worked on separately and that mitigation measures should be implemented as a priority in so-called "hotspots". This work highlights importance of secondary roads as a source of mortality for wildlife, and these should not be ignored. As far as macadam roads are concerned, they are not a threat to vertebrate populations in municipality of Mira. In future, it would be important to improve this work by including volume of traffic on roads and recording kilometers at which animals were collected. Results before and after fire illustrate the impact of this catastrophic event on wildlife.

scholarly journals Impact of secondary roads on wildlife of coastal center region Portugal and differences between before and post fire.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Miguel Regateiro Cruz ◽  
Joana Lima ◽  
Ulisses Azeiteiro
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Catastrophic Event ◽  
The Road ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Salamandra Salamandra ◽  
On The Road

Abstract • Context: Anthropogenic activities affect ecosystems creating stress regimes and new disturbances. Among these anthropogenic activities, we highlight roads that are main cause of habitat segmentation. On the other hand, as roads were built to accommodate traffic in rural areas, rate of vehicle-wildlife collisions has significantly expanded, thereby causing a direct decrease in population size. • Objectives: This study was conducted in Portugal (country's western central coast) and assessed impact of secondary roads on wildlife, as well as the influence that a catastrophic event, like a great fire, has on this wildlife. • Methods: Practical work was carried out during 15 months (from October 2016 to December 2017), two consecutive days per week, first day being used for "road cleaning", that is, collection of all animals found on road, followed of their identification, and second day for morning and afternoon collection and identification of dead animals found on same tracks. • Results: In Agricultural Zone, vertebrate deaths on the road covered 17 species. Birds were the most affected , followed by amphibians, mammals and reptiles. The most fragile species were Passer domesticus and Salamandra salamandra. Two hotspots were recognized, one on each road. In Forestral Zone, vertebrate deaths on road included 26 species. Mammals were most vulnerable in this area followed by birds, amphibians and reptiles. Bufo bufo and Salamandra salamandra were the most vulnerable species. • Conclusions: On the contrary, differences between roads composition were clear: there were only deaths on asphalted roads. Differences between before and after fire are evident. Mitigation measures were suggested.

scholarly journals Chytrid fungus infection related to unusual mortalities of Salamandra salamandra and Bufo bufo in the Peñalara Natural Park, Spain

Oryx ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Bosch ◽  
Iñigo Martínez-Solano
Keyword(s):  
Differential Susceptibility ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Fungus Infection ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Amphibian Community ◽  
Discharge Tubes ◽  
Marked Decline ◽  
Salamandra Salamandra

Chytridiomycosis is a fatal disease associated with amphibian population declines and extinctions worldwide. In a protected area in central Spain, the Peñalara Natural Park, the disease almost extirpated the population of Alytes obstetricans over only a few years, but did not apparently affect other amphibians. We present new observations documenting the occurrence of the disease in other species. In 2001–2003 we collected over 400 larvae or recently metamorphosed individuals of Salamandra salamandra and also several dead individuals of Bufo bufo. The analysis of the skin of post-metamorphic specimens revealed the presence of chytrid sporangia and discharge tubes in both species. According to measures of larval abundances in 1999 and 2003 the population of S. salamandra has suffered a marked decline but no significant trend was observed for B. bufo. We discuss the possible role of chytridiomycosis in the decline of S. salamandra and comment on the differential susceptibility exhibited by various species in the amphibian community at Peñalara.

Temporal segregation in larval amphibian communities in temporary ponds at a locality in SW Spain

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Diaz-Paniagua
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Sw Spain ◽  
Amphibian Community ◽  
Drying Up ◽  
Triturus Marmoratus ◽  
Pelobates Cultripes ◽  
Rana Perezi

AbstractThe amphibian community of the Biological Reserve of Doñana (SW Spain) is composed of 10 species, their period of larval occurrence commonly taking place from autumn to early summer, although it may vary from year to year in relation to the flooding conditions of ponds. A segregation is observed according to temporal use of temporary ponds by larvae of different species. Pelobates cultripes and Discoglossus galganoi tadpoles occur in ponds during their whole persistence, from flooding to drying up. Hyla meridionalis, Triturus marmoratus and Triturus boscai larvae commonly exploit a shorter temporal range, appearing about two months later until early summer. Bufo bufo, Bufo calamita and normally also Rana perezi have the shortest larval periods, of about two months. Rana perezi is also characterized by its delay in temporal use of the ponds in comparison with the other species. The flexibility of the larval period season is considered an adaptation to the unpredictability of temporary ponds. Thus, under certain climatic conditions, the two first groups of species may occur in the same temporal range.

Telepractice: A Survey of AuD Students Pre- and Post-Telepractice

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (18) ◽  
pp. 28-41
Author(s):  
Kelli M. Watts ◽  
Laura B. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Graduate School ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Telepractice, defined by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA, n.d.) as “the application of telecommunications technology to the delivery of professional services at a distance by linking clinician to client, or clinician to clinician, for assessment, intervention, and/or consultation,” is a quickly growing aspect of practicing audiology. However, only 12% of audiologists are involved in providing services via telepractice (REDA International, Inc., 2002). Lack of knowledge regarding telepractice has been cited as one of the reasons many audiologists do not use telepractice to provide audiology services. This study surveyed audiology doctoral students regarding their opinions about the use of telepractice both before and after their opportunity to provide services via telepractice sessions. The authors expected that by providing students the opportunity to have hands-on training in telepractice with supervision, they would be more open to using telepractice after becoming licensed audiologists. Overall, the data indicates benefits of exposing students to telepractice while they are in graduate school.

The Blank in the Mind Questionnaire (BIMQ)

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Despina Moraitou ◽  
Anastasia Efklides
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Memory Failure ◽  
Temporary Memory ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Metacognitive awareness of memory failure may take the form of the “blank in the mind” (BIM) experience. The BIM experience informs the person of a temporary memory failure and takes the form of a disruption in the flow of consciousness, of a moment of no content in awareness. The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Blank in the Mind Questionnaire (BIMQ) designed to tap the BIM experience and differentiate it from other memory-related experiences, such as searching but not having in memory a piece of information (i.e., lack of knowledge). The participants (N = 493) were 249 younger adults (18–30 years old) and 244 older adults (63–89 years old) of both genders. Confirmatory factor analysis applied to the BIMQ confirmed a three-factor model with interrelations between the factors. The first factor represented the experience of lack of knowledge, the second represented the experience of BIM, and the third the person’s negative affective reactions to memory failure. The internal consistency of the three factors ranged from Cronbach’s α = .80 to .88. Convergent validity was shown with correlations of the BIMQ factors with self-report measures of cognitive and memory failures, and to the negative-affect subscale of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS).

Zoos as settings for psychological research: A preliminary survey.

1978 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgette K. Maroldo ◽  
Joan Parker
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Research ◽  
Preliminary Survey

A Study on Knowledge, Attitude, Awareness and Practice About HIV/AIDS among different age group of Karachi, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-333
Author(s):  
Safia Mehmood ◽  
Sheema Zia ◽  
Nida Aziz ◽  
Omama Sajid
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Population ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

The AIDS is one of the most complicated health problems of the 21st century and it threatens the world population. AIDS spread at an alarming rate. This was a descriptive study to determine the knowledge, awareness, and practice about HIV among different age groups. The study carried out in Karachi, Pakistan during the period of January 2016-april 2016, in which 82 peoples are participated; 65 peoples having age in between 18-30, people’s lies in 31-40 years, while only 4 peoples having age above 40. From which 91% peoples thought HIV is dangerous virus and 51% peoples having misconception that it cause AIDS on initial stage and does not have any effect on CD4+. Majority of peoples aware about transmission of AIDS through intercourse, and during pregnancy. But the study show the high level of misbelieve also in mode of transmission that HIV transmit through sweat, saliva etc. Majority of the peoples have knowledge that HIV-1 is the most common type found worldwide. Also large number of peoples have knowledge that HIV weak immune system by destroying CD4+ and require long exposure to progress AIDS. Less than 15% of peoples strongly agree that AIDS is common in women. This misconception reflex the lack of knowledge and awareness in the HIV transmission and gender relation. Also majority of peoples thought that lack of knowledge is major barrier in the proper cure of disease. So increasing knowledge by awareness programs; sexual prevention; by starting national testing resources and curing poverty will cured AIDS in Pakistan. Newly drugs are introduced which can stop the progression of AIDS.

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