scholarly journals Population dynamics of two troglobitic Troglorhopalurus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) scorpions from Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Gallão ◽  
Maria Elina Bichuette
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Chapada Diamantina ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
History Of

Population dynamics studies raise relevant data to understanding ecological aspects and natural history of species as well as better conservation strategies. Using two scorpions species, Troglorhopalurus translucidus Lourenço, Baptista & Giupponi, 2004 and Troglorhopalurus lacrau (Lourenço & Pinto-da-Rocha, 1997) from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia state, Brazil, we estimate populacional parameters through mark and recapture methodology, and Jolly-Seber estimator. In addition, data on both species as sexual ratio, reproductive biology, growth, longevity, feeding habitats, and seasonality were analyzed in the caves and afterwards compared to other scorpion species as well as other arachnids. We captured and marked 82 specimens of T. translucidus and 65 specimens of T. lacrau. Population estimates were 361 ± 199 individuals to T. translucidus and 333 ± 252 to T. lacrau. Population estimates were considered high for the troglobitic scorpions when compared to subterranean arachnids or even with epigean species of scorpions. Both troglobitic scorpions featured remarkable differences in relation to epigean scorpions as higher longevity, longer reproductive period, slower growth. Besides T. translucidus showed marked seasonality with populational variations in rainy seasons in contrast to T. lacrau with populational stability. Suppl. material 1

scholarly journals The Natural History of Sydney

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Matt W Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Editorial Team ◽  
Zoological Society ◽  
Natural History Studies ◽  
History Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competitive Nature ◽  
Effective Conservation ◽  
Do So

AUSTRALIA’S relatively recent discovery by Europeans and rapid loss of traditional knowledge without documentation means the accumulated knowledge of our natural history is scant compared to other continents (e.g., search for publications on the top-order predators of each continent for confirmation). Yet, as Mike Archer highlights in the Foreword to this book, this natural history information is fundamental for us to develop effective conservation strategies. Instead of focusing on accumulating this information, the competitive nature of academia limits the value of publishing simple natural history studies because of the low impact such studies invariably have (see Paul Adam’s chapter), while conservation managers are too busy to publish their natural history research particularly while they receive such little incentive to do so. The Natural History of Sydney offers a valuable remedy to this problem and Dan Lunney and his Royal Zoological Society of NSW editorial team deliver once again in servicing the intellectual needs of Australian zoologists.

The tadpole of Adelphobates galactonotus (Steindachner, 1864) (Amphibia, Anura, Dendrobatidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4422 (2) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
DANUSY LOPES SANTOS ◽  
SILIONAMÃ PEREIRA DANTAS ◽  
FAUSTO NOMURA
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
History Of ◽  
Near Future

The systematics of the dart-poison frogs, family Dendrobatidae, experienced several taxonomic rearrangements over time (e.g., Grant et al. 2006, 2017; Brown et al. 2011). Currently, this family comprises 194 described species organized in three sub-families and 15 genera (Frost 2018). Among them, the genus Adelphobates Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, & Wheeler, 2006, comprises three species, all distributed in Central and lower Amazon drainage of Peru and Brazil, and possibly in northeast of Bolivia (Grant et al. 2006; Frost 2018). Adelphobates galactonotus (Steindachner 1864) is an endemic Brazilian frog, and can be found throughout Pará, Maranhão, Mato Grosso and Tocantins states (Hoogmoed & Avila-Pires 2012), related to Amazon forest formations and also in transitional areas between the Cerrado and the Amazon forest (Valdujo et al. 2012). Despite this species is classified as Least Concern (Rodrigues et al. 2010), several threats are known. First, its geographic distribution coincides with the so-called Amazonian Deforestation Arc, which comprehends the southeastern portion of the Amazonian Forest that has been rapidly converted into pasture and crop areas or being flooded due to the construction of hydroelectric power plants (Hoogmoed & Avila-Pires 2012). Also, this species is present in Appendix II of CITES as a target for illegal trade, and their commercial exploitation should be controlled to avoid that this species become seriously endangered in the near future (see a case study in Paula et al. 2012). These threats are of deeper concern because despite A. galactonotus has been described since more than 150 years (Steindachner 1864), its tadpole remains unknown. Without a better understanding of the natural history of A. galactonotus, attempts of conservation strategies and population management are inefficient. In an effort to fill the knowledge gaps about this species natural history, we present a detailed description of the external morphology of the A. galactonotus tadpole. 

Natural history of the common tree snake, Dendrelaphis punctulatus (Serpentes:Colubridae), in the wet - dry tropics of north Queensland

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fearn ◽  
D. F. Trembath
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Dry Tropics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tropical Australia ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Tree ◽  
Prey Items

Common tree snakes, Dendrelaphis punctulatus, are medium to large colubrid snakes that are relatively common in the eastern and northern parts of tropical Australia. The only previous study on this species involved museum specimens from across the taxon’s range. During a seven-year period we collected data on 131 field-caught specimens from a melanotic population in the Townsville district of north Queensland. Dendrelaphis punctulatus was found to be primarily diurnal, with a peak in activity centred around the reproductive period during the transition from dry to wet seasons. Females were larger than males with respect to all measured parameters, including mass and head size. Reproduction in females was strongly seasonal and clutch size was related to maternal body size. Prey items consisted of frogs, lizards and locusts.

scholarly journals Second observation of the reproductive biology of Blythia reticulata (Blyth, 1854) (Reptilia, Squamata, Colubridae)

Herpetozoa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 121-124
Author(s):  
Lal Biakzuala ◽  
Vanlal Hruaia ◽  
Lal Biakhlui ◽  
Hmar Tlawmte Lalremsanga
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Limited Knowledge ◽  
Northeastern India ◽  
History Of

A second observation on the reproduction of Blythia reticulata was based on three eggs found on a forest path among leaf litter and successfully incubated. Given the limited knowledge on the natural history of the species, including its breeding biology, we provide information on egg measurements (n = 3; length = 25.54 ± 1.05 mm; width = 11.79 ± 0.37 mm; weight = 1.94 ± 0.24 g) and the first data on hatchling biometrics (n = 3; snout-vent length = 106 ± 1.73 mm; tail length = 14 ± 1.00 mm; weight = 1.13 ± 0.09 g) from Mizoram State, northeastern India.

scholarly journals Natural history of the marsupial frog Gastrotheca albolineata (Anura: Hemiphractidae) in lowland Brazilian Atlantic Forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-200
Author(s):  
Edelcio Muscat ◽  
Rafael Costabile Menegucci ◽  
Rafael Mitsuo Tanaka ◽  
Elsie Rotenberg ◽  
Matheus de Toledo Moroti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Active Season ◽  
Calling Activity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Elusive Species

Natural history of the marsupial frog Gastrotheca albolineata (Anura: Hemiphractidae) in lowland Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Gastrotheca albolineata is a marsupial frog endemic to the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. It remains poorly studied in nature and is uncommon in herpetological collections. We studied the natural history of G. albolineata during a four-year period (2015 to 2019), in Ubatuba, São Paulo state, Brazil, at its southernmost distribution. Our results show that G. albolineata is arboreal, perches from low to medium heights, and breeds during the dry season without chorus aggregation. Calling activity occurs during the day but is more intense during the first half of the night. We used dorsal body markings to identify individuals. Six individuals were recaptured during the study, indicating site fidelity during the active season. The defensive repertory of G. albolineata contains seven different behaviors, including a high-pitched distress call. Egg development in the female’s dorsal pouch took at least 87 days, and fully formed froglets were born with a snout–vent length of 16 mm. Our data substantially add to the knowledge of the natural history of Brazilian marsupial frogs and can be helpful to delineate conservation strategies for elusive species such as G. albolineata.

scholarly journals NATURAL HISTORY OF THE BLACK IGUANA Ctenosaura similis (SQUAMATA: IGUANIDAE) IN ISLA CONTOY, QUINTANA ROO, MEXICO

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-402
Author(s):  
Aaron García Rosales ◽  
Alicia Arriaga Noguez ◽  
Aurelio Ramírez-Bautista
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Prey Type ◽  
General Information ◽  
Quintana Roo ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Construction ◽  
Ctenosaura Similis

The genera Iguanaand Ctenosaurabelong to the Iguanidae family, and populations of most species of these genera have decreased due to anthropogenic effects. The natural history of most species of this family is poorly known, including Ctenosaura similis. Therefore, this study documents some ecological aspects of the species, such as its feeding habits, and habitat and microhabitat use in a population on Isla Contoy in Quintana Roo, Mexico. The data showed that even though C. similisis distributed throughout the island, individuals more commonly use human construction (buildings) of Parque Nacional Isla Contoy (PNIC) and mangrove areas. Microhabitats most used by all age classes and sexes were rocks and trees. The diet of the species is omnivorous; however, the frequency of prey type consumed changes with the age of the individuals (hatchlings, juveniles, and adults), as well as with the season of the year. The practice of cannibalism by some individuals is also reported, as well as coprophagy and scavenging. This work provides general information on the life history of C. similis, complementing the scarce information that is currently available.

scholarly journals Notes on the natural history of Stillingia aquatica (Euphorbiaceae): with special attention to reproductive biology

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-199
Author(s):  
George Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Mating System ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Wind Pollination ◽  
Mixed Mating ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Mixed Mating System ◽  
Close Physical Proximity ◽  
History Of

Stillingia aquatica, a wetland shrub in the Southeastern U.S., was profiled in Southeast Florida from a natural history standpoint. The stem has exceptionally lightweight wood in common with other periodically root-inundated woody plants. Pseudowhorled tufts of conspicuous yellow leaves subtend the similarly colored spikelike thyrsoid inflorescences. The plants are monoecious, self-compatible, protogynous with respect to inflorescences, and with a mixed mating system. After a pistillate-only phase, pistillate and staminate phases overlap in time, and are positioned in close physical proximity within inflorescences. Then follows a prolonged phase of only staminate flowers plus maturing fruits. The inflorescences attract ants, bees, and especially abundant wasps, switching from mixed bees and wasps in the dry season to essentially just wasps in the wet season. Wind-pollination is minimal to none. Ants are often abundant in the inflorescences and believed to contribute to geitonogamy but are not necessary for fruitset. Agamospermy is none to negligible. The seeds often fail, with the failure rates varying between populations and between individual plants.

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