scholarly journals Biological features of  high altitude rare medicinal plant species Hedysarum theinum Krasnob. in Western Siberia cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Nadezhda S. Zinner ◽  
Anna N. Nekratova ◽  
Anastasia V. Shchukina ◽  
Alina L. Kovaleva
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Alpine Plant ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Hedysarum Theinum ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Range Of Variation

The paper summarizes the results of a long-term introduction study of a rare alpine plant Hedysarum theinum Krasnob., which is widely used in medicine. We found that the species demonstrates sufficiently high seed productivity with adequate agrotechnical care under introduction conditions. Nevertheless, there were cases of a single lack of fruiting, which cannot be considered a reaction to different ecological conditions since these phenomena can also be observed in natural habitats; most likely, this is a feature of the reproductive biology of the species. The phenological characteristics, seed productivity, and seed germination of the species are given, and the range of variation in signs of the vegetative and generative spheres is established. The introduction assessment indicates high plasticity and a high degree of the species adaptation.

scholarly journals Faunistic analysis of parasites from marine herrings in the northern Caspian Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
E. A. Voronina ◽  
V. V. Volodina ◽  
A. V. Konkova
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Temporal Fluctuations ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Intestinal Trematodes

Qualitative and quantitative composition of parasites from herring (Dolgino population), caspian shad, and big-eyed shad is analyzed on the data of long-term samplings, using traditional methods and determinants for identifcation. The community of parasites has temporal fluctuations associated with changes of habitat conditions, including feeding base for hosts, and depended on biological features of both parasites and their hosts. The basis of the herring parasitofauna is composed by specifc and euryxene species. Monogeneans and intestinal trematodes has a stable high degree of infection. Helminths dangerous for human and epizootically signifcant parasites are recorded sporadically. Hyphae of microscopic fungi are found on the smears-prints of parenchymal organs of herrings with domination of gen. Penicillium. All detected parasites do not cause signifcant clinical deseases in organisms of the investigated species.

scholarly journals Ecological and biological features of the Far Eastern dendroflora representatives introduced in the Altai Mountains

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
Maksim B. Yamtyrov ◽  
Olga Y. Vasilyeva
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Change Of Life ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Far Eastern

The paper substantiates the importance of research in the field of ecological morphology when introducing woody species to culture in more severe climatic conditions compared to natural habitats. A set of techniques used for introduction experiments with trees, shrubs and woody lianas is described. The authors have carried out a comparative analysis of life forms of the same species in the monsoon climate in the Far East in places of natural growth (according to literature data) and in the sharply continental climate of the Altai Mountains at the point of introduction (according to long-term observations). It has been revealed that the most frequent adaptive manifestation is the change of life form in the following directions: summer green tree above 10 m summer green tree up to 10 m; summer green shrub above 2 m summer green shrub 12 m. The least adapted ones were representatives of evergreen and wintergreen biomorphs. Berberis amurense, Corylus heterophylla, Cotoneaster dammeri, Pentaphylloides davurica, Lonicera chrysantha, Forsythia ovata, Eleutherococcus senticocus, Stephanandra incise, Rubus matsumuranus, Rubus crataegifolius, Rosa rugosa showed a high degree of winter hardiness (I score) among shrubs.

scholarly journals Rhizomatous geophytes from the genus Hosta in Western Siberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00110
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Sedelnikova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Lower Epidermis ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Biological Features

This is research of biological features of the growth and development rhythm of 11 Hosta species in the conditions of forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. A comparative analysis of the organogenesis of the species H. decorata, H. sieboldiana, and H. lancifolia is carried out. The seed productivity and viability of pollen of 9 species were established. It is provided the description of upper and lower epidermis, cross section of leaf. It is revealed that the structure of lamina is characterized by xeromesophytic characters. It is mentioned species specificity in arrangement of adaxial and abaxial stomas pursuant thereto leaves of two types of Hosta are amphistomatic and hypostomatic. It is concluded that on the lower epidermis of the leaf, the transpiration capacity is 3 – 8 times greater.

Allozyme variation and an estimate of the inbreeding coefficient in the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Borsa ◽  
D. Pierre Gingerich
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficient ◽  
Hypothenemus Hampei ◽  
Coffee Berry ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
High Degree

AbstractSeven presumed Mendelian enzyme loci (Est-2, Est-3, Gpi, Idh-l, Idh-2, Mdh-2 and Mpi) were characterized and tested for polymorphism in coffee berry borers, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari), sampled in Côte d′Ivoire, Mexico and New Caledonia. The average genetic diversity was H = 0.080. Two loci, Mdh-2 and Mpi were polymorphic, and thus usable as genetic markers. The population structure of H. hampei was analysed using Weir & Cockerham's estimators of Wright's F-statistics. A high degree of inbreeding (f = 0.298) characterized the elementary geographic sampling unit, the coffee field. The estimate of gene flow between fields within a country was Nm = 10.6 and that between countries was Nm = 2. The population genetic structure in H. hampei could be related to its known population biological features and history.

Hate Crime and Place: The Spatial and Temporal Concentration of Bias-Motivated Crime in Washington, D.C.

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052098781
Author(s):  
Marin R. Wenger ◽  
Brendan Lantz
Keyword(s):  
Hate Crime ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Spatial Stability ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Crime Types ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Block Groups ◽  
Street Segments

Prior research suggests that many crime types are spatially concentrated and stable over time. Hate crime, however, is a unique crime type that is etiologically distinct from others. As such, examination of hate crime from a spatial and temporal perspective offers an opportunity to understand hate crime and the spatial concentration of crime more generally. The current study examines the spatial stability of hate crimes reported to the police in Washington, D.C., from 2012 through 2018 using street segments, intersections, and block groups as units of analysis. Findings reveal that hate crime is spatially concentrated, with less than 4% of street segments and intersections experiencing hate crime over the study period. Results reveal a high degree of spatial stability, both year-to-year and over the long term even when restricting the analysis to units that experienced at least one hate crime.

scholarly journals Influence of the Share of Renewable Energy Sources on the Level of Energy Security in EECCA Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Trifonov ◽  
Dmitry Trukhan ◽  
Yury Koshlich ◽  
Valeriy Prasolov ◽  
Beata Ślusarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Structural Content ◽  
High Degree

In this study we aimed to determine the extent to which changes in the share of renewable energy sources, their structural complex, and the level of energy security in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) countries in the medium- and long-term are interconnected. The study was performed through modeling and determination of the structural characteristics of energy security in the countries. The methodology of the approach to modeling was based on solving the problem of nonlinear optimization by selecting a certain scenario. For the study, the data of EECCA countries were used. The ability of EECCA countries to benefit from long-term indirect and induced advantages of the transformation period depends on the extent to which their domestic supply chains facilitate the deployment of energy transformation and induced economic activity. This study provides an opportunity to assess the degree of influence of renewable energy sources on the level of energy security of countries in the context of energy resource diversification. The high degree of influence of renewable energy sources on energy security in the EECCA countries has been proven in the implementation of the developed scenarios for its increase. Energy security is growing. At the same time, its level depends not only on an increase in the share of renewable sources but also on the structure of energy resources complex of countries, and the development of various renewable energy sources. Therefore, today the EECCA countries are forced not only to increase the share of renewable energy sources but also to attach strategic importance to the structural content of their energy complex.

Development of a Performance-Related Framework for Asphalt Mixture Design for the Illinois Tollway

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110148
Author(s):  
Behnam Jahangiri ◽  
Punyaslok Rath ◽  
Hamed Majidifard ◽  
William G. Buttlar
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
T Test ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Final Adjustment ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Selection Of

Various agencies have begun to research and introduce performance-related specifications (PRS) for the design of modern asphalt paving mixtures. The focus of most recent studies has been directed toward simplified cracking test development and evaluation. In some cases, development and validation of PRS has been performed, building on these new tests, often by comparison of test values to accelerated pavement test studies and/or to limited field data. This study describes the findings of a comprehensive research project conducted at Illinois Tollway, leading to a PRS for the design of mainline and shoulder asphalt mixtures. A novel approach was developed, involving the systematic establishment of specification requirements based on: 1) selection of baseline values based on minimally acceptable field performance thresholds; 2) elevation of thresholds to account for differences between short-term lab aging and expected long-term field aging; 3) further elevation of thresholds to account for variability in lab testing, plus variability in the testing of field cores; and 4) final adjustment and rounding of thresholds based on a consensus process. After a thorough evaluation of different candidate cracking tests in the course of the project, the Disk-shaped Compact Tension—DC(T)—test was chosen to be retained in the Illinois Tollway PRS and to be presented in this study for the design of crack-resistant mixtures. The DC(T) test was selected because of its high degree of correlation with field results and its excellent repeatability. Tailored Hamburg rut depth and stripping inflection point thresholds were also established for mainline and shoulder mixes.

scholarly journals Proteogenomic Insights into the Physiology of Marine, Sulfate-Reducing, Filamentous Desulfonema limicola and Desulfonema magnum

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-56
Author(s):  
Vanessa Schnaars ◽  
Lars Wöhlbrand ◽  
Sabine Scheve ◽  
Christina Hinrichs ◽  
Richard Reinhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Aromatic Compound Degradation ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Gliding Movement

The genus Desulfonema belongs to the deltaproteobacterial family Desulfobacteraceae and comprises marine, sulfate-reducing bacteria that form filaments and move by gliding. This study reports on the complete, manually annotated genomes of Dn. limicola 5ac10T (6.91 Mbp; 6,207 CDS) and Dn. magnum 4be13T (8.03 Mbp; 9,970 CDS), integrated with substrate-specific proteome profiles (8 vs. 11). The richness in mobile genetic elements is shared with other Desulfobacteraceae members, corroborating horizontal gene transfer as major driver in shaping the genomes of this family. The catabolic networks of Dn. limicola and Dn. magnum have the following general characteristics: 98 versus 145 genes assigned (having genomic shares of 1.7 vs. 2.2%), 92.5 versus 89.7% proteomic coverage, and scattered gene clusters for substrate degradation and energy metabolism. The Dn. magnum typifying capacity for aromatic compound degradation (e.g., p-cresol, 3-phenylpropionate) requires 48 genes organized in operon-like structures (87.7% proteomic coverage; no homologs in Dn. limicola). The protein complements for aliphatic compound degradation, central pathways, and energy metabolism are highly similar between both genomes and were identified to a large extent (69–96%). The differential protein profiles revealed a high degree of substrate-specificity for peripheral reaction sequences (forming central intermediates), agreeing with the high number of sensory/regulatory proteins predicted for both strains. By contrast, central pathways and modules of the energy metabolism were constitutively formed under the tested substrate conditions. In accord with their natural habitats that are subject to fluctuating changes of physicochemical parameters, both Desulfonema strains are well equipped to cope with various stress conditions. Next to superoxide dismutase and catalase also desulfoferredoxin and rubredoxin oxidoreductase are formed to counter exposure to molecular oxygen. A variety of proteases and chaperones were detected that function in maintaining cellular homeostasis upon heat or cold shock. Furthermore, glycine betaine/proline betaine transport systems can respond to hyperosmotic stress. Gliding movement probably relies on twitching motility via type-IV pili or adventurous motility. Taken together, this proteogenomic study demonstrates the adaptability of Dn. limicola and Dn. magnum to its dynamic habitats by means of flexible catabolism and extensive stress response capacities.

scholarly journals Types of Void Space in the Bazhenov Reservoir Rocks

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Olga V. Postnikova ◽  
Alexander V. Postnikov ◽  
Olga A. Zueva ◽  
Artem E. Kozionov ◽  
Ekaterina V. Milovanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Void Space ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bazhenov Formation ◽  
Reservoir Rocks ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Light Oil ◽  
Clay Rocks ◽  
High Degree

The deposits of the Bazhenov formation are a unique reservoir of unconventional oil reserves in Western Siberia. They contain both solid organic matter (kerogen) and liquid light oil. The successful development of these hydrocarbons is largely determined by the adequacy of the void space models. The aim of the study is to identify the types of void space in the sediments of the Bazhenov formation and to identify the distribution patterns across the section of the researched wells. The void space was studied by electron and optical microscopy, and the mineral composition of the rocks was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The deposits of the Bazhenov productive formation in the territory of Western Siberia are represented by a wide complex of lithotypes, including various kinds of silicites, carbonate, clay rocks, and mixtites. The reservoir space in the reservoir rocks of the Bazhenov formation is a complex and hierarchically subordinated system, which includes voids and fractures of various sizes, configurations, and genesis. The void space of the Bazhenov formation is characterized by a fairly high degree of spatial heterogeneity, which is controlled by lithological, facies, and tectonic factors, as well as the direction of catagenetic processes.

China’s evolving humanitarian diplomacy: Evidence from China’s disaster-related aid to Nepal

2021 ◽  
pp. 205789112110192
Author(s):  
Peng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Belt And Road ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Effective Channel ◽  
India And China

Engaging in disaster relief and, more recently, post-disaster reconstruction in developing countries with critical geoeconomic and geopolitical interests has become an increasingly regular and institutionalized component of China’s evolving humanitarian diplomacy over the past decade. Drawn upon novel evidence from China’s growing disaster-related humanitarian assistance to Nepal and unprecedented engagement in Nepal’s long-term post-earthquake rebuild since 2015, this article explores the dynamics behind China’s transforming humanitarian diplomacy. The findings of this article suggest that: 1) geopolitical and geoeconomic interests, represented by the Belt-and-Road Initiative, serve as a critical driver for the development of China’s bilateral partnership with other countries in the disaster sector; 2) long-term cooperation with underdeveloped countries like Nepal provides China, both government and non-state actors (NSAs), with an effective channel to engage with the international humanitarian community and to internalize humanitarian norms; 3) although humanitarian missions remain contingent and instrumental in China’s international relations, they are laying the foundations for a specialized humanitarian policy area with more relevant normative assets, more professional actors, and more sophisticated institutions; 4) NSAs, represented by private foundations and civil NGOs, have played active roles in the state-dominant cooperation in disaster management. This article also suggests that intensified geopolitical confrontations, such as military clashes between India and China along their disputed borders over the past year, would lead to a high degree of politicization of humanitarian missions and partnerships counter-conducive to humanitarian goals.

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