scholarly journals Oral therapies in digestive oncology (Review)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Prieux‑Klotz ◽  
Solene Dermine ◽  
Lola‑Jade Palmieri ◽  
Julie Lavole ◽  
Stanislas Chaussade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oncology Review ◽  
Digestive Oncology

scholarly journals Use of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors in older patients with ER-positive HER2-negative breast cancer: Young International Society of Geriatric Oncology review paper

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 175883591880961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolò Matteo Luca Battisti ◽  
Nienke De Glas ◽  
Mina S. Sedrak ◽  
Kah Poh Loh ◽  
Gabor Liposits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Geriatric Oncology ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinase ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Oncology Review ◽  
Er Positive

The current standard of care for the management of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer has been redefined by the introduction of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors. Although adults aged 65 years and older account for the majority of patients with breast cancer, limited data are available about the age-specific dosing, tolerability, and benefit of CDK4/6 inhibitors in this growing population. Older adults are under-represented in clinical trials and as a result, clinicians are forced to extrapolate from findings in younger and healthier patients when making treatment decisions for older patients. In this article, we review the limited age-specific evidence on the efficacy, toxicity, and quality of life (QoL) outcomes associated with the use of CDK4/6 inhibitors in older adults. We also describe ongoing trials evaluating CDK4/6 inhibitors in the older population and highlight that only a minority of adjuvant and metastatic trials of CDK4/6 inhibitors in the general breast cancer population includes geriatric assessments. Finally, we propose potential strategies to help guide decision making for fit and unfit older patients based on disease endocrine sensitivity, the need for rapid response and geriatric assessment.

scholarly journals HUMANIZED MICE: CREATION, MODELS AND USE IN EXPERIMENTAL ONCOLOGY (REVIEW)

Biomeditsina ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
O. I. Kit ◽  
A. Yu. Maksimov ◽  
T. P. Protasova ◽  
A. S. Goncharova ◽  
D. S. Kutilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Humanized Mice ◽  
Humanized Mouse ◽  
Antitumour Agents ◽  
Human Genes ◽  
Oncology Review ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Humanized Mouse Models

Research laboratories in various countries are constantly endeavouring to improve the existing and to create new biological objects to simulate various human diseases. Immunodefi cient mice with transplanted human functional cells and tissues, as well as transgenic animals with the relevant human genes integrated in their genome — i. e. humanized mice — are increasingly used as test systems in biomedical studies. Humanized mouse models are constantly being improved to fi nd application in studies investigating human biological reactions and identifying the pathogenetic mechanisms behind a wide range of diseases, or as preclinical tools for medicine testing. In particular, such animals play an increasingly important role both in studies of human-specifi c infectious agents, cancer biology research and in the development of new antitumour agents. In addition, humanized mice are increasingly used as translational models in many areas of clinical research, including transplantology, immunology and oncology. Ultimately, the use of humanized animals can lead to the introduction of a truly personalized medicine into clinical practice. In this review, we discuss modern advances in the creation and use of humanized mice, emphasizing their usefulness for the pathogenesis study, as well as the development of new methods for human cancer treatment.

scholarly journals PET/CT and PET/MRI in ophthalmic oncology (Review)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kalemaki ◽  
Apostolos Karantanas ◽  
Dimitris Exarchos ◽  
Efstathios Detorakis ◽  
Odysseas Zoras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oncology Review ◽  
Pet Ct

scholarly journals Implementing the FAIR Data Principles in precision oncology: review of supporting initiatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 936-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Vesteghem ◽  
Rasmus Froberg Brøndum ◽  
Mads Sønderkær ◽  
Mia Sommer ◽  
Alexander Schmitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Sharing ◽  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
World Health ◽  
Precision Oncology ◽  
Bioinformatics Pipeline ◽  
Oncology Review ◽  
Genome Analysis Toolkit ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Accuracy Data

AbstractCompelling research has recently shown that cancer is so heterogeneous that single research centres cannot produce enough data to fit prognostic and predictive models of sufficient accuracy. Data sharing in precision oncology is therefore of utmost importance. The Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (FAIR) Data Principles have been developed to define good practices in data sharing. Motivated by the ambition of applying the FAIR Data Principles to our own clinical precision oncology implementations and research, we have performed a systematic literature review of potentially relevant initiatives. For clinical data, we suggest using the Genomic Data Commons model as a reference as it provides a field-tested and well-documented solution. Regarding classification of diagnosis, morphology and topography and drugs, we chose to follow the World Health Organization standards, i.e. ICD10, ICD-O-3 and Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classifications, respectively. For the bioinformatics pipeline, the Genome Analysis ToolKit Best Practices using Docker containers offer a coherent solution and have therefore been selected. Regarding the naming of variants, we follow the Human Genome Variation Society's standard. For the IT infrastructure, we have built a centralized solution to participate in data sharing through federated solutions such as the Beacon Networks.

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