scholarly journals Detection of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in exhaled breath condensate using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Kazuya Nishii ◽  
Kadoaki Ohashi ◽  
Tomoki Tamura ◽  
Kiichiro Ninomiya ◽  
Takehiro  Matsubara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Breath Condensate

scholarly journals Heterogeneity and Coexistence of T790M and T790 Wild-Type Resistant Subclones Drive Mixed Response to Third-Generation Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors in Lung Cancer

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Piotrowska ◽  
Mehlika Hazar-Rethinam ◽  
Coleen Rizzo ◽  
Brandon Nadres ◽  
Emily E. Van Seventer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction

Purpose Third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors like nazartinib are active against EGFR mutation–positive lung cancers with T790M-mediated acquired resistance to initial anti-EGFR treatment, but some patients have mixed responses. Methods Multiple serial tumor and liquid biopsies were obtained from two patients before, during, and after treatment with nazartinib. Next-generation sequencing and droplet digital polymerase chain reaction were performed to assess heterogeneity and clonal dynamics. Results We observed the simultaneous emergence of T790M-dependent and -independent clones in both patients. Serial plasma droplet digital polymerase chain reaction illustrated shifts in relative clonal abundance in response to various systemic therapies, confirming a molecular basis for the clinical mixed radiographic responses observed. Conclusion Heterogeneous responses to treatment targeting a solitary resistance mechanism can be explained by coexistent tumor subclones harboring distinct genetic signatures. Serial liquid biopsies offer an opportunity to monitor clonal dynamics and the emergence of resistance and may represent a useful tool to guide therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Exhaled breath is a significant source of SARS-CoV-2 emission

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianxin Ma ◽  
Xiao Qi ◽  
Haoxuan Chen ◽  
Xinyue Li ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Air Samples ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Floor Surfaces ◽  
Breath Condensate

AbstractDespite notable efforts in airborne SARS-CoV-2 detection, no clear evidence has emerged to show how SARS-CoV-2 is emitted into the environments. Here, 35 COVID-19 subjects were recruited; exhaled breath condensate (EBC), air samples and surface swabs were collected and analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). EBC samples had the highest positive rate (16.7%, n = 30), followed by surface swabs(5.4%, n = 242), and air samples (3.8%, n = 26). COVID-19 patients were shown to exhale SARSCoV-2 into the air at an estimated rate of 103-105 RNA copies/min; while toilet and floor surfaces represented two important SARS-CoV-2 reservoirs. Our results imply that airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 plays a major role in COVID-19 spread, especially during the early stages of the disease.One Sentence SummaryCOVID-19 patient exhales millions of SARS-CoV-2 particles per hour

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