scholarly journals Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles improve the survival of transplanted fat grafts

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 3069-3078 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Huang ◽  
Shaoqing Feng ◽  
Wenjie Zhang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Fat Grafts

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles may promote breast cancer cell dormancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 204173141881009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Casson ◽  
Owen G Davies ◽  
Carol-Anne Smith ◽  
Matthew J Dalby ◽  
Catherine C Berry
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Dormancy

Disseminated breast cancer cells have the capacity to metastasise to the bone marrow and reside in a dormant state within the mesenchymal stem cell niche. Research has focussed on paracrine signalling factors, such as soluble proteins, within the microenvironment. However, it is now clear extracellular vesicles secreted by resident mesenchymal stem cells into this microenvironment also play a key role in the initiation of dormancy. Dormancy encourages reduced cell proliferation and migration, while upregulating cell adhesion, thus retaining the cancer cells within the bone marrow microenvironment. Here, MCF7 breast cancer cells were treated with mesenchymal stem cell–derived extracellular vesicles, resulting in reduced migration in two-dimensional and three-dimensional culture, with reduced cell proliferation and enhanced adhesion, collectively supporting cancer cell dormancy.

scholarly journals NG2 as an Identity and Quality Marker of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Barilani ◽  
Valeria Peli ◽  
Alessandro Cherubini ◽  
Marta Dossena ◽  
Vincenza Dolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Proliferative Effect ◽  
Quality Marker

The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) extracellular vesicles (EV) is currently under investigation in many pathological contexts. Both adult and perinatal MSC are being considered as sources of EV. Herein, we address antigen expression of cord blood and bone marrow MSC and released EV to define an identity and quality parameter of MSC EV as a medicinal product in the context of clinical applications. The research focuses on EV-shuttled neural/glial antigen 2 (NG2), which has previously been detected as a promising surface marker to distinguish perinatal versus adult MSC. Indeed, NG2 was significantly more abundant in cord blood than bone marrow MSC and MSC EV. Ultracentrifuge-isolated EV were then challenged for their pro-angiogenic properties on an xCELLigence system as quality control. NG2+ cord blood MSC EV, but not bone marrow MSC EV, promote bFGF and PDGF-AA proliferative effect on endothelial cells. Likewise, they successfully rescue angiostatin-induced endothelial cell growth arrest. In both cases, the effects are NG2-dependent. These results point at NG2 as an identity and quality parameter for cord blood MSC EV, paving the way for their clinical translation.

scholarly journals Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with a bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles - A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Joshua James Crose
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Functional Scores ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a terminal neurodegenerative disease with only a few minimally effective treatment options. This study treats a patient with Spinal ALS with Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles (BM-MSCEVs) to slow or stop the progress of the disease. After 2 months and 4 treatments, the patient demonstrated improvement in ALS functional scores and most physical exam findings. BM-MSCEVs demonstrate the ability to effectively treat Spinal ALS in this study and open the door for future studies.

Mesenchymal stem cell-secreted extracellular vesicles instruct stepwise dedifferentiation of breast cancer cells into dormancy at the bone marrow perivascular region

2021 ◽  
pp. canres.CAN-20-2434-A.2020
Author(s):  
Oleta A. Sandiford ◽  
Robert J. Donnelly ◽  
Markos El-Far ◽  
Lisa M. Burgmeyer ◽  
Garima Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reverse Radiation-Induced Cytokine Storm

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1100-1100
Author(s):  
Sicheng Wen ◽  
Mark S Dooner ◽  
Mandy Pereira ◽  
Michael Del Tatto ◽  
Elaine Papa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
Post Radiation

Abstract Cytokine storm or cytokine release syndrome is a systemic inflammatory response to different triggers which leads to excessive activation of immune cells with the release of a large amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These uncontrolled and excessive releases of cytokines accompany multisystem organ failure and death. Acute radiation exposure leads to acute hematopoietic and acute gastrointestinal syndromes with early mortality. Cytokine storm accompanies these syndromes and significantly complicates the clinical outcomes. Recent data has suggested that the inflammasome and associate cytokine storm may play a major role in various injuries and tissue problems after irradiation. Inflammasome activates caspase-1 which give rise to the proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) into their biologically active forms and further induce other cytokines release. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer vesicles, released from cells in the whole body. EVs play an important role in intercellular communication. EVs have been shown to transfer protein, lipid, DNA, mRNAs, and microRNAs to recipient cells, thereby mediating a variety of biological responses. We have been investigating the capacity of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles (MSC-EV) to reverse radiation damage to murine bone marrow stem/progenitor cells. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of MSC-EVs on reversal of high dose radiation injury to bone marrow cells. C57BL/6 mice received 0, 700, and 950-1000cGy WBI (either single or split dose). After 24 hrs. post-irradiation, mice received an IV infusion of 2X10 9 hMSC EVs daily for three days with a control group receiving vehicle only. Marrow was harvested from 700 cGy exposed mice which were vesicle treated or not. These marrow cells were evaluated for engraftment into 950 cGy exposed mice. The engraftment rates in mice transplanted with marrow from irradiated EV injected animals was 34.66±14.19% at 4 months post transplantation and marrow from the group not treated with EV gave an engraftment rate of 6.92±3.53%. We further evaluated the effect of MSCs-EVs on decreasing the mortality in mice exposed to 950cGy WBI. The MSC-EV untreated mice were dead between 12-18 days post radiation, but MSC-EV treated mice maintained a 60% survival rate at 130 days post radiation, suggesting that MSC-EV treatment could significantly extend the survival rate of mice after exposure to lethal radiation. We evaluated the circulating inflammatory markers in 1000 cGy whole body irradiated mice with/without MSC-EV treatment. Twenty-four hours post-irradiation, mice received an IV infusion of 2x10 9 hMSC EVs every day for three days with a control group receiving vehicle only. The serum was collected after 8 days post radiation for inflammatory response analysis by ProcartaPlex multiplex immunoassays. There were dramatic increases in cytokines secretion in serum including IFN gamma, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, TNF alpha, GM-CSF and IL-18 in irradiated mice compared to non-irradiated mice and a significant reduction in cytokine levels after MSC-EVs treatment. We further found significantly higher levels of IL-1 beta and activated caspase-1 p20 protein expression in the spleen after 1000cGy radiation compared to non-radiated mice. Moreover, we found that with MSC-EV treatment, the expression level of IL-1 beta and active caspase-1 p20 was significantly inhibited in spleen compared to untreated irradiated mice, indicating that the inhibition of cytokine storm post-radiation by MSC-EVs might be mediated by inhibition of inflammasome activation. Our study suggests that EV Inhibition of an inflammasome mediated cytokine storm could be therapeutically important in many disease entities. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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