scholarly journals Effects of platelet‑derived growth factor‑BB on cellular morphology and cellular viability of stem cell spheroids composed of bone‑marrow‑derived stem cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Soung-Chu Paek ◽  
Sae Min ◽  
Jun-Beom Park
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cellular Morphology ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Cellular Viability ◽  
Cell Spheroids

Developmentally regulated use of alternative promoters creates a novel platelet-derived growth factor receptor transcript in mouse teratocarcinoma and embryonic stem cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 4563-4567
Author(s):  
T H Vu ◽  
G R Martin ◽  
P Lee ◽  
D Mark ◽  
A Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Extracellular Domain ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Alternative Promoters

Embryonal carcinoma and embryonic stem cells expressed a novel form of platelet-derived growth factor receptor mRNA which was approximately 1,100 base pairs shorter than the 5.3-kilobase (kb) transcript expressed in fibroblasts and other cell types. The 4.2-kb stem cell transcript was initiated within the genomic region immediately upstream of exon 6 of the 5.3-kb transcript and therefore lacked the first five exons, which encode much of the extracellular domain of the receptor expressed in fibroblasts. In stem cells, the short form was predominant, although both forms were present at low levels. Following differentiation in vitro, expression levels of the long form increased dramatically. These findings suggest that during early embryogenesis, a stem cell-specific promoter is used in a stage- and cell type-specific manner to express a form of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor that lacks much of the extracellular domain and may function independently of ligand.

scholarly journals Human and Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differ in Their Response to Fibroblast Growth Factor and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 1831-1843
Author(s):  
Donald Lennon ◽  
Luis A. Solchaga ◽  
Rodrigo A. Somoza ◽  
Mark D. Schluchter ◽  
Seunghee Margevicius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Rat Bone

Working Toward Better Tissue Repair Therapies: Exposure of MSC to Hypoxic Conditions In Vitro Increases Levels of the Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor c-met, Improves Motility, and Induces Phosphorylation of the Pro-Survival Protein AKT.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 2313-2313
Author(s):  
Ivana Rosova ◽  
Todd E. Meyerrose ◽  
Jan A. Nolta
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth Factor ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Cardiac Ischemia ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth

Abstract Necrosis, apoptosis, and fibrosis are characteristics of tissue damage/injuries such as cardiac ischemia and liver damage. In most instances, a loss of blood supply due to death of endothelial cells results, creating a hypoxic environment at the damage sites. In addition, a flux of growth factors and chemokines are induced as a “rescue” signal to recruit exogenous and/or proximal stem cells into proliferation and differentiation. One such soluble factor reported to have both mitogenic and motogenic effect on stem cells for liver and cardiac regeneration is the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), also known as “scatter factor”. Our lab has previously demonstrated that administration of HGF in vivo following human hematopoietic stem cell transplantation into an immune deficient mouse model of liver injury greatly enhances recruitment of human stem cells to sites of liver damage (Wang et al, Blood 2003). In the current studies, we addressed the role of HGF in promoting human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to sites of tissue damage such as liver or cardiac ischemia. In addition to exploiting the beneficial effect of HGF, we also evaluated the possible additive effect of hypoxia in stem cell regeneration based on the following hypothesis - that exposure of MSC to hypoxic conditions prior to transplantation will enhance the levels of c-met and amplify the signaling cascades downstream of HGF/c-met. To answer the question of whether MSCs have increased motility in hypoxic conditions, human bone marrow derived MSC were cultured in hypoxic (2 to 3% oxygen) vs. normoxic conditions (20–21% O2) in the presence or absence of 25ng/ml HGF, and scratch tests were performed to assess the scattering potential of MSC. There was an increase in total c-met protein, by immunohistochemical analysis, and increased migration of MSC under hypoxic conditions with HGF, as compared to normoxic conditions with HGF. Protein studies were designed to measure c-met induction/stabilization and downstream signals following ligand binding. By immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting with specific phosphorylation antibodies, we showed that hypoxic conditions + HGF stimulation induced a higher level of total cellular phosphotyrosine activity in MSC. Downstream of HGF/c-met, we observed an amplification of AKT phosphorylation when comparing HGF stimulation under normoxic vs. hypoxic conditions. In contrast, MAPK phosphorylation was moderately, but not significantly, different between hypoxic vs. normoxic conditions. Our data from these functional and molecular studies suggest that pre-treatment of MSC under hypoxic conditions might not only increase c-met to enhance HGF-mediated chemotactic recruitment to sites of tissue damage but may also enhance the survival of these stem cells upon arrival at the damaged site, through increasing the levels of phosphorylation of the pro-survival protein AKT.

Effect of rat bone marrow stromal stem cells overexpressing platelet-derived growth factor and bone morphogenic protein into platelet-rich plasma gels on osteogenic differentiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1068-1078
Author(s):  
Jin Sun ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Weilian Chen ◽  
Weikun Zheng ◽  
Junhao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Bone Morphogenic Protein ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Stromal Stem Cells ◽  
Rat Bone

The aim of this study was to improve osteoblast function by incorporating rat bone marrow stromal stem cells (rBMSCs) overexpressing platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) and bone morphogenic protein (BMP-2) into platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gels. rBMSCs were isolated, cultured, and identified. The rBMSCs were subsequently co-transfected with two recombinant adenoviruses delivering PDGF-BB-GFP and BMP-2-GFP. PDGF-BB and BMP-2 expression levels in transduced BMSCs were detected, and a post-transfection analysis of the osteogenic differentiation trend of rBMSCs was performed. Autologous PRP gels were constructed and optimized, and the levels of growth factor in PRP were detected. The optimal growth conditions of the genetically-modified rBMSCs in the scaffolds were established, and the effects of tissue engineering materials and PRP gel construction on the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs were assessed. The results revealed that high-purity rBMSCs were obtained, and high levels of BMP-2 and PDGF-BB were secreted by the transduced cells. Furthermore, PRP promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs overexpressing PDGF-BB and BMP-2. Collectively, the results of the present study revealed that genetically modified rBMSCs incorporated into PRP gels enhanced osteogenic differentiation.

Can Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Pre-Treatment Enhance Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy in Undecorticated Posterior Spinal Fusion?

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 1137-1140
Author(s):  
Chan Wai Chan ◽  
K.H.K. Wong ◽  
K.M. Lee ◽  
Ling Qin ◽  
H.Y. Yeung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Spinal Fusion ◽  
Xylenol Orange ◽  
Posterior Spinal Fusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fibroblast Growth

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been shown to maintain the osteogenicity of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) in vitro. This study was to investigate whether bFGF with osteogenic supplements could enhance bone formation of posterior spinal fusion. Rabbit bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells were selected by adherence on plastic culture-ware. The MSCs were exposed to dexamethasone with (bFGF group, n=6) or without bFGF (OS group, n=6). Treated cells of two groups were seeded on β-tricalcium phosphate ceramics for one day and then implanted onto L5 and L6 transverse processes of the same animal in posterior spinal fusion without decortication. The ceramics acted as control (n=6). Three fluorochromes were injected sequentially as tetracycline at week 2, xylenol orange at week 4 and calcein at week 6. The spinal segments were harvested at week 7. The bone mineral content (BMC) and volume of transverse processes was measured by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. The specimens were underwent undecalcified histology. The mineralization process was examined by fluorescent microscopy. The BMC of transverse processes in OS group was 16% greater than bFGF and control group significantly. The volume of transverse process in OS and bFGF group was significantly greater than control group by 54% and 46% respectively. The volume of transverse processes in OS group was 6% greater than bFGF group though not statistically significant. In histology, newly formed bone grew from two processes towards each other resulting in a relatively short gap distance in OS and bFGF group while less regenerated bone was observed in the control group. At the mineralization front, calcein which was injected into animal at week 6, was predominately labeled in bFGF group. In OS group, both xylenol orange (at week 4) and calcein labeled were found. In conclusion, mesenchymal stem cells pre-exposed to bFGF were not found to give additional enhancement effect on bone formation in the posterior spinal fusion model.

scholarly journals Paracrine Mechanisms of Intravenous Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Stem Cells in Chronic Ischemic Stroke

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashu Bhasin ◽  
M.V. Padma Srivastava ◽  
Sujata Mohanty ◽  
Sivasubramaniam Vivekanandhan ◽  
Sakshi Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The emerging role of stem cell technology and transplantation has helped scientists to study their potential role in neural repair and regeneration. The fate of stem cells is determined by their niche, consisting of surrounding cells and the secreted trophic growth factors. This interim report evaluates the safety, feasibility and efficacy (if any) of bone marrow-derived mononuclear stem cells (BM-MNC) in chronic ischemic stroke by studying the release of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF). Methods: Twenty stroke patients and 20 age-matched healthy controls were recruited with the following inclusion criteria: 3 months to 1.5 years from the index event, Medical Research Council (MRC) grade of hand muscles of at least 2, Brunnstrom stage 2-5, conscious, and comprehendible. They were randomized to one group receiving autologous BM-MNC (mean 60-70 million) and to another group receiving saline infusion (placebo). All patients were administered a neuromotor rehabilitation regime for 8 weeks. Clinical assessments [Fugl Meyer scale (FM), modified Barthel index (mBI), MRC grade, Ashworth tone scale] were carried out and serum VEGF and BDNF levels were assessed at baseline and at 8 weeks. Results: No serious adverse events were observed during the study. There was no statistically significant clinical improvement between the groups (FM: 95% CI 15.2-5.35, p = 0.25; mBI: 95% CI 14.3-4.5, p = 0.31). VEGF and BDNF expression was found to be greater in group 1 compared to group 2 (VEGF: 442.1 vs. 400.3 pg/ml, p = 0.67; BDNF: 21.3 vs. 19.5 ng/ml) without any statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Autologous mononuclear stem cell infusion is safe and tolerable by chronic ischemic stroke patients. The released growth factors (VEGF and BDNF) in the microenvironment could be due to the paracrine hypothesis of stem cell niche and neurorehabilitation regime.

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