scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the ʺScholasticʺ Recommendations of the AJCC From 2011 for the Surgical Treatment of Cutaneous Melanoma with the Newly Suggested Guidelines for OSMS From the Bulgarian Society For Dermatologic Surgery!

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2369-2372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgi Tchernev ◽  
Ivanka Temelkova
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Tumor Thickness ◽  
Cosmetic Result ◽  
Dermatologic Surgery ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Variable Model ◽  
Surgical Safety ◽  
Face Area ◽  
The Face

BACKGROUND: The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) offers a two-stage, often insufficient or so-called variable model of cutaneous melanoma treatment. This model starts with primary excision and an initial operational safety margin of 0.5 cm in all directions, followed by a re-excision with an additional field of operational security, determined by histologically established tumor thickness (with or without removal of SLN). We present a brand new method of melanoma surgery, the so-called One Step melanoma surgery (OSMS), in which cutaneous melanomas (regardless of their thickness) could be removed by single surgical intervention. CASE REPORT: We describe a case of a patient with cutaneous melanoma, with postoperatively established Breslow’s tumor thickness of 6 mm, operated on the AJCC model within two surgical sessions. The usual primary excision was performed with a surgical safety margin of 0.5 cm in all directions, followed by a secondary excision with an additional surgical security field of 1.2 cm in all directions (due to the patient's wish for the optimal cosmetic result, agreed and approved by the dermatosurgeon performing the manipulation). CONCLUSION: The two-stage method for the treatment of melanomas is often insufficient due to: 1) the inability (in this case) secondary excision in the face area to be conducted with an additional recommended operational security field of 1.5 cm in all directions; and 2) the patient's wish for a better cosmetic result, which should be achieved with less surgical security field, resulting in a compromise solution for re-excision with an additional surgical field of 1.2 cm in all directions.

Face Image Segmentation Using Color Information and Saliency Map

2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Hui Ming Huang ◽  
He Sheng Liu ◽  
Guo Ping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Saliency Map ◽  
Face Image ◽  
Color Information ◽  
Attention Model ◽  
Face Area ◽  
Face Region ◽  
The Face

In this paper, we proposed an efficient method to address the problem of color face image segmentation that is based on color information and saliency map. This method consists of three stages. At first, skin colored regions is detected using a Bayesian model of the human skin color. Then, we get a chroma chart that shows likelihoods of skin colors. This chroma chart is further segmented into skin region that satisfy the homogeneity property of the human skin. The third stage, visual attention model are employed to localize the face region according to the saliency map while the bottom-up approach utilizes both the intensity and color features maps from the test image. Experimental evaluation on test shows that the proposed method is capable of segmenting the face area quite effectively，at the same time, our methods shows good performance for subjects in both simple and complex backgrounds, as well as varying illumination conditions and skin color variances.

scholarly journals Acetyl hexapeptide-3 in a cosmetic formulation acts on skin mechanical properties - clinical study

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassandra Azevedo Tadini ◽  
Daiane Garcia Mercurio ◽  
Patrícia Maria Berardo Gonçalves Maia Campos
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stratum Corneum ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Topical Formulations ◽  
Face Area ◽  
Cutaneous Tissue ◽  
The Face ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Basic Studies ◽  
Stratum Corneum Water Content

abstract Acetyl hexapeptide-3 has been used in anti-aging topical formulations aimed at improving skin appearance. However, few basic studies address its effects on epidermis and dermis, when vehiculated in topical formulations. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the clinical efficacy of acetyl hexapeptide-3 using biophysical techniques. For this purpose, formulations with and without acetyl hexapeptide-3 were applied to the ventral forearm and the face area of forty female volunteers. Skin conditions were evaluated after 2 and 4-week long daily applications, by analyzing the stratum corneum water content and the skin mechanical properties, using three instruments, the Corneometer(r) CM 825, CutometerSEM 575 and ReviscometerRV600. All formulations tested increased the stratum corneum water content in the face region, which remained constant until the end of the study. In contrast, only formulations containing acetyl hexapeptide-3 exhibit a significant effect on mechanical properties, by decreasing the anisotropy of the face skin. No significant effects were observed in viscoelasticity parameters. In conclusion, the effects of acetyl hexapeptide-3 on the anisotropy of face skin characterize the compound as an effective ingredient for improving conditions of the cutaneous tissue, when used in anti-aging cosmetic formulations.

scholarly journals Neural Tuning for Face Wholes and Parts in Human Fusiform Gyrus Revealed by fMRI Adaptation

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 336-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Harris ◽  
Geoffrey Karl Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Holistic Processing ◽  
Fusiform Face Area ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Face Area ◽  
Neural Populations ◽  
The Face ◽  
Adaptation Response ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fmri Adaptation

Although the right fusiform face area (FFA) is often linked to holistic processing, new data suggest this region also encodes part-based face representations. We examined this question by assessing the metric of neural similarity for faces using a continuous carryover functional MRI (fMRI) design. Using faces varying along dimensions of eye and mouth identity, we tested whether these axes are coded independently by separate part-tuned neural populations or conjointly by a single population of holistically tuned neurons. Consistent with prior results, we found a subadditive adaptation response in the right FFA, as predicted for holistic processing. However, when holistic processing was disrupted by misaligning the halves of the face, the right FFA continued to show significant adaptation, but in an additive pattern indicative of part-based neural tuning. Thus this region seems to contain neural populations capable of representing both individual parts and their integration into a face gestalt. A third experiment, which varied the asymmetry of changes in the eye and mouth identity dimensions, also showed part-based tuning from the right FFA. In contrast to the right FFA, the left FFA consistently showed a part-based pattern of neural tuning across all experiments. Together, these data support the existence of both part-based and holistic neural tuning within the right FFA, further suggesting that such tuning is surprisingly flexible and dynamic.

Two-Stage Precession Type Gear: Design, Geometric and Kinematic Analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Macyszyn ◽  
Adam Myszkowski ◽  
Roman Staniek ◽  
Stanisław Pabiszczak
Keyword(s):  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Precession Angle ◽  
Gear Design ◽  
The Face ◽  
Gear Efficiency ◽  
Rotary Speed ◽  
Gear Wheels ◽  
Neodymium Magnets

The paper presents the theoretical bases, design and the principle of operation of two-stage precession type transmission with face meshing. Description and the principle of forming the face meshing which is modified by the original method have been shown as well. Dimensional relations between particular components of the gears are established and the analysis of optimal gear ratio, depending on the number of teeth or magnets on the circumferences of meshing gear wheels is also provided in the paper. For further analysis four prototypes of mechanical precession transmission with face meshing were designed, built and investigated. Those prototypes present different sizes, reduction ratio and precession angle. Investigations, described in the paper, helped to determine the gear efficiency rate as well as the maximal torque that could be transferred for the given rotary speed. This paper presents also the conception of the design of a novel double stage precession magnetic gear with face neodymium magnets. The results of the initial studies are the background of the further research in the field of magnetic precession type transmission.

scholarly journals Looking beyond the face area: lesion network mapping of prosopagnosia

Brain ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
pp. 3975-3990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander L Cohen ◽  
Louis Soussand ◽  
Sherryse L Corrow ◽  
Olivier Martinaud ◽  
Jason J S Barton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Face Area ◽  
The Face ◽  
Network Mapping

Face blindness can occur after injury to a variety of brain locations, and yet the regions critical for face recognition remain unclear. Cohen et al. show that lesions that cause face blindness map to a specific brain network, and use this to predict subclinical deficits in an independent lesion cohort.

scholarly journals Attentional Weighting in the Face Processing Network: A Magnetic Response Image-guided Magnetoencephalography Study Using Multiple Cyclic Entrainments

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1573-1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eelke de Vries ◽  
Daniel Baldauf
Keyword(s):  
Face Processing ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Magnetic Response ◽  
Fusiform Face Area ◽  
Facial Identity ◽  
Image Guided ◽  
Face Area ◽  
The Face ◽  
Occipital Face Area ◽  
Processing Network

We recorded magnetoencephalography using a neural entrainment paradigm with compound face stimuli that allowed for entraining the processing of various parts of a face (eyes, mouth) as well as changes in facial identity. Our magnetic response image-guided magnetoencephalography analyses revealed that different subnodes of the human face processing network were entrained differentially according to their functional specialization. Whereas the occipital face area was most responsive to the rate at which face parts (e.g., the mouth) changed, and face patches in the STS were mostly entrained by rhythmic changes in the eye region, the fusiform face area was the only subregion that was strongly entrained by the rhythmic changes in facial identity. Furthermore, top–down attention to the mouth, eyes, or identity of the face selectively modulated the neural processing in the respective area (i.e., occipital face area, STS, or fusiform face area), resembling behavioral cue validity effects observed in the participants' RT and detection rate data. Our results show the attentional weighting of the visual processing of different aspects and dimensions of a single face object, at various stages of the involved visual processing hierarchy.

Trends in Invasive Cutaneous Melanoma in Saskatchewan 1970–1999

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcie J. Ulmer ◽  
Jon M. Tonita ◽  
Peter R. Hull
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Tumor Thickness ◽  
Tumor Characteristics ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Clark Level ◽  
Melanoma Incidence ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
And Gender

Background: Melanoma incidence rates have increased dramatically in white populations worldwide during the past several decades. A more modest increase has been observed for melanoma-related mortality. Cause-specific and disease-free survivals are related to tumor characteristics, gender, age, and possibly anatomic site. It is difficult to accurately assess these trends without information on tumor thickness that is often unavailable. Objective: This study determines trends in melanoma incidence, mortality, and survival in Saskatchewan for a 30-year period, incorporating analysis of tumor thickness. Methods: Information about cases of primary cutaneous melanoma for the 30-year period 1970–1999 was obtained from the population-based Saskatchewan Cancer Registry. A 50% random sample of charts was reviewed to collect information about Breslow depth, Clark level, and other demographic data not available from the Registry. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the significance of prognostic factors on incidence and five-year relative survival rates. Results: The number of patients registered increased dramatically during the study period. The increase was greatest for thin lesions in all age groups. Anatomic site varied by gender. Head and neck tumors showed continual increase in risk with increasing age. Mortality rates in females have been stable over time but increased for males in the 1990s. The prognostic factors that predicted excess mortality at five years were tumor thickness, Clark level, and gender. Conclusion: The observed increase in melanoma appears to be real and not the result of increased surveillance or screening. Tumor characteristics (Breslow depth, Clark level) and gender were significant prognostic indicators of five-year excess mortality.

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