scholarly journals Computed Tomography Scan Findings in Children from a Tropical Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-658
Author(s):  
Grace B. Inah ◽  
Gbenga Kajogbola ◽  
Nchiewe Ani
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Diagnostic Center ◽  
Brain Ct Scan ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Brain

BACKGROUND: Computed Tomography in the diagnosis of pathologies in children is becoming increasingly popular.AIMS: To document indications and findings of referrals for CT scan in children in a private Radio - diagnostic Center in a developing environment.METHOD: Children aged 6 months to 13 years referred to a private Radio - diagnostic Center, between June 2015 to June 2016 were studied. Patients were examined using GE CT Brivo 385 machine.RESULT: Forty - seven children were referred for CT scan during the period. Of these 45 (95.47%) were referred from the Teaching Hospital located in the same city. A brain scan was most commonly performed (93.6%) while the frequency of abdominal CT was (6.4%). The main indications for the referrals were delayed milestones (61.7%) and seizures (17.0%). The major findings were cerebral atrophy 26 (55.32%), and cerebral infarction 3 (6.38%).CONCLUSION: This study shows a predominance of brain CT scan request in children, delayed milestones and seizures being the most common indications, while cerebral atrophy and cerebral infarction were the common brain findings. In the absence of MRI, CT scan provides a suitable alternative for imaging of the brain and abdominal pathologies in a developing environment like ours.

scholarly journals Role of Radiologic Computed Tomography in Evaluating Coronavirus (COVID-19) Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Mwahib Sayed Ahmed Aldosh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
High Incidence Rate ◽  
The Common

Objective: Coronavirus (Covid 19) is a dangerous viral disease that principally targets the respiratory system of human beings. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the significant effects resulting from Covid19 using radiologic CT scanning technology. Methods: The recent study was conducted in order to evaluate covid19 among the local public. The sample size for this study consisted of two hundred and thirty (230) patients diagnosed with coronavirus and underwent a chest computed tomography scan. The study was conducted at Najran city, between the period from September to December 2020. Results: The results showed that it is possible to diagnose the complications of coronavirus that affects the respiratory tract in an accurate manner using chest CT imaging and the main results revealed that coronavirus COVID-19 affected all, but males more than female. (50-60) Age group was the big distribution while acute respiratory failure is the most common clinical etiology. The CT scan findings revealed that bilateral pneumonia was the common complication with a high incidence rate of 32% percent and blood coagulation achieved 5% percent as the minimum distribution result. Conclusion: The sensitivity of the CT scans in assessing COVID-19 was significantly high, it has the efficiency to assess complications of COVID-19 in an accurate manner, and therefore it has been proposed to use CT scan as a complementary method in covid-19 diagnosis. More studies on coronavirus disease were recommended by the author.

scholarly journals Subdural Hematoma Complicating Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts: An Algerian Centers Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Assoumane ◽  
M. Al-Zekri ◽  
A. Khelifa ◽  
N. Touati ◽  
N. Lagha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts ◽  
Operative Outcomes ◽  
Brain Ct Scan ◽  
Shunt Dysfunction

Abstract Introduction Subdural hematoma can occur as a complication of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS), and it should be considered in any patient who present a shunt dysfunction or who does not show the expected recovery after revision of a shunt. Computed tomography (CT) scan is a quick and easy way of detecting subdural hematoma. Materials and Methods We conduct a retrospective study of 17 patients. All of them are admitted for a subdural hematoma on a VPS. The diagnosis in 13 cases is made by CT scan; three cases by brain MRI. Results We operated 16 patients and the evacuation of the hematoma with revision of the shunt was performed; we used an adjustable shunt for three patients and endoscopic third ventriculostomy in one case. The operative outcomes were favorable in 12 patients; there were 4 recurrences, 2 of which required evacuation of the hematoma through a bone flap. Conclusion The subdural hematoma is a complication observed during the surgical treatment of the hydrocephalus and can be a serious issue. We suggest that a brain CT scan should be routinely performed in symptomatic patients with VPS.

scholarly journals Evaluation of chest computed tomography features in COVID-19: a single-center retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-594
Author(s):  
Akshat Sanjay Shukla ◽  
Sanjay Rajendraprasad Shukla ◽  
Feral Ravi Daruwala
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pulmonary Vessel ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Diagnostic Center ◽  
Second Wave

Background: Even though Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) is a gold standard for confirming COVID-19, it continues to be plagued by a lack of RT-PCR kits and the potential of false-negative results. Hence, during the second wave of COVID-19 in India, Computed Tomography (CT) scan is an emerging diagnostic tool in evaluating the severity of illness in COVID-19 pneumonia. The present study endeavored to assess chest CT features of COVID-19 pneumonia in Indian population. Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational study conducted in 300 consecutive adults RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients from 1, Jan 2021 to 31, March 2021 at a private radio diagnostic center.  Data regarding baseline demographics, clinical and laboratory characteristics, extent, pattern, and type of abnormal CT findings were noted. Results: The study population (204 males and 108 females) had mean age of 43.18 ± 8.27 years.  Our study's most common clinical presentation was cough (48.1%) and fever (47.1%), respectively. Lung parenchymal abnormalities were found in 294 (94.2%) patients. Abnormal CT findings revealed the involvement of bilateral (45.6%) and multilobar (42.9%) with a predominant peripheral (92.3%) and posterior (80.8%) distribution. According to the type of opacity, Ground Glass Opacity (GGO) was the dominant abnormality found in 270 (91.8%) patients, in which pure GGO (36.7%), GGO with crazy paving pattern (39.8%), and GGO mixed with consolidation (52.0 %) were noted. Peri-lesional or intralesional segmental or subsegmental pulmonary vessel enlargement was found in 192 (65.3 %) patients. Conclusion: During the second wave of COVID-19, a chest CT scan is a modality of choice in diagnosing COVID-19 pneumonia and related lung parenchymal changes.

scholarly journals Normal Width of Third Ventricle In Nepalese Population: Assessment By CT Scan

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (200) ◽  
pp. 235-239
Author(s):  
Amit Shrestha ◽  
Nikita Rajbhandari ◽  
Anand Shrestha ◽  
Bishika Pun
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tomography Scan

Introduction: Cerebral ventricular enlargement occurs as a natural aging process but also has been associated with many neurological disorders. Whether this enlargement is primary or secondary to these pathological conditions remains controversial. Objective of the study was to tabulate and create normal references values for maximum width of third ventricle in Nepalese population according to age group and gender. Methods: MTW was determined in two hundred (112 males and 88 females) and age ranging between 1- 93 years who had normal Computed tomography scan (CT scan) of the head .The data collected was analyzed with statistical program IBM SPSS version 20. Results: Measurements of MTW in both males and females of the normal groups revealed no significant difference. No significant difference in MTW was noticed till the age of 49 years. Significant differences were noticed between 49 - 93 years of age. Conclusions: This study corroborated well with normal MTW values published in literatures from other parts of the world. However normal values specific to our local population becomes more relevant in interpreting CT scan of head in Nepal. Keywords: cerebral atrophy; computed tomography scan; hydrocephalus; maximum width of third ventricle.

Cat Brain Neuroanatomy using Cryosectioning, Magnetic Resonance and Computed Tomography Imaging Modalities

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
The Common ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) imaging modalities are invaluable for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases. This study aimed to correlate the anatomical sectional data of the cats’ brain to the sections obtained by both MRI and CT examination. The present work was conducted on four cats, 1-4 years old, weighing about (2.5 to 3.5) kg admitted to the hospital with terminal diseases not related to the nervous system. The anatomical sections were taken at intervals of 5 mm, on different planes such as sagittal, frontal and transverse. The sections were obtained, following humane euthanasia, from frozen heads and identified according to the previous literatures. The images from both MRI and CT were compared with those of the gross anatomy sections and different structures were identified. To identify arterial distribution in the brain, one cat was injected with red latex through the common carotid artery, frozen, and sectioned. For vascular imaging, the same cat was examined by MRI after intravenous injection of contrast media. The descriptions of the brain anatomy from the MRI and CT images will act as a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of different neurological diseases in cat. This will assist veterinarians and radiologists in the identification of various nervous lesions related to the brain.

scholarly journals Aicardi-Goutieres Syndrome – A Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
MA Taher ◽  
F Shegufta ◽  
MT Rahman ◽  
N Abedin ◽  
N Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Cerebral Atrophy ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Brain Ct Scan ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Torch Infection ◽  
Probable Diagnosis ◽  
Csf Examination

A 4 month old male baby, who had episodes of generalized convulsion for 11/2 months and microcephaly, was referred to Radiology & Imaging dept. of BIRDEM for CT scan of brain. CT scan of brain showed extensive calcifications in both cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres –The probable diagnosis was TORCH infection with mild generalized cerebral atrophy. TORCH screening was done and found negative. Patient’s RBS, SGPT, S.Calcium, Parathyroid hormone, TSH , thyroxine were within normal limits. MRI of brain showed extensive T1W hypointense and T2W hyperintense areas in peri- ventricular locations represent leukodystrophy and mild cortical atrophy of brain. CSF examination revealed WBC count 10 cells /mm3 and all the cells were lymphocytes. Aicardi Goutieres Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease in which there is extensive paraventricular cerebral and cerebellar calcifications with leukodystrophy and CSF lymphocytosis. Considering history, biochemical and imaging findings the final diagnosis was Aicardi Goutieres Syndrome . DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v4i1.18553 Birdem Med J 2014; 4(1): 43-46

scholarly journals GAMBARAN CT-SCAN NEOPLASMA INTRAKRANIAL DI BAGIAN / SMF RADIOLOGI FK UNSRAT RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE OKTOBER 2014 - SEPTEMBER 2015

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maharani Dewi ◽  
Elvie Loho ◽  
Vonny N. Tubagus
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
Study Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Intracranial Neoplasms ◽  
Brain Ct Scan ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Brain

Abstract: Brain is a vital organ that plays very important roles for the body. One of  diseases that attacks the brain is brain tumor. A radiology modality, the CT scan, is very valuable for diagnosis and evaluation the suspected brain tumor. It can be used to evaluate the difference between tumor tissue and others, especially by using contrast agents. This study aimed to identify the CT Scan imaging of patients with intracranial neoplasms. This was a descriptive retrospective study. Data were obtained  from the request form sheets and radiographic results of brain CT-Scan in the Department of Radiology Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. Samples were patients that were radiologically diagnosed as primary brain tumor. The results showed that of the 171 data of SOL intracranial patients, 59 patients (34.5%) had been radiologically diagnosed as intracranial neoplasms. There were more females (62.7%) than males (37.3%). The age group, 36-45 years was the largest with 15 patients (25.4%). The area of most lesions was parietal lobe with 16 cases (27.1%). The most frequent diagnosis was meningioma (45.8%). Keywords: intracranial neoplasm, CT scan Abstrak: Otak merupakan organ vital yang berperan sangat penting bagi tubuh. Salah satu penyakit yang banyak menyerang otak ialah tumor otak. Modalitas radiologi yang penting dalam evaluasi pasien yang diduga tumor otak ialah CT-Scan. Dengan menggunakan CT-Scan dapat terlihat perbedaan antara jaringan tumor yang satu dengan yang lain, dan dapat diperjelas dengan penggunaan zat kontras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran CT-Scan penderita neoplasma intrakranial. Jenis penelitian deskriptif retrospektif. Data diambil dari lembaran permintaan dan jawaban CT-Scan otak di Bagian Radiologi RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Sampel yang diambil ialah pasien dengan gambaran radiologi tumor intrakranial primer. Berdasarkan 171 data pasien SOL intrakranial yang didapat, 59 pasien dengan diagnosis radiologis neoplasma intrakranial; lebih banyak perempuan (62,7%) dibandingkan laki-laki (37,3%). Berdasarkan kelompok umur, didapatkan  paling banyak pada kelompok umur 36-45 tahun (25,4%). Lokasi paling banyak ditemukan lesi ialah lobus parietalis (27,1%). Jenis tumor intrakranial terbanyak ialah meningioma (45,8%).Kata kunci: neoplasma intrakranial, computed tomography scan

scholarly journals Comparison of Clinical Diagnosis of Stroke with Computed Tomographic Scan of the Brain

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Sirajee Shafiqul Islam ◽  
Aminur Rahman ◽  
Md Manzur Alahi ◽  
Md Ahmed Ali ◽  
Md Kafiluddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
The Brain

Background and purpose: Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in both developed as well as developing countries. The clinical presentation of stroke depending on the site and extent of lesions. For the management purpose it is important to know whether we are dealing with a bleed or an infarct. Methodology: Computed Tomography (CT scan) is available most of the tertiary level hospitals in Bangladesh. This study was carried out to compare clinical diagnosis of stroke with Computed tomography (CT) scan findings in ascertaining the type of stroke (hemorrhagic or ischemic). Materials and methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in the Department of Neurology, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital during the period of January 2010 to December 2010. Total 200 stroke patients were selected by purposive sampling technique on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria as the study sample. . CT brain scan was done for all the patients. The clinical diagnosis was compared with the results of CT scan and performance test was done. Results: Clinically 67 patients were diagnosed as hemorrhagic stroke and 133 patients were diagnosed as ischemic stroke. Out of these 67 hemorrhagic patients CT scan revealed that 56 patients had intracerebral hemorrhage, 5 had infarct, 4 had subarachnoid hemorrhage and 2 had space occupying lesions in the brain. Out of these 133 ischemic patients CT scan revealed that 119 patients had infarction, 6 had intracerebral hemorrhage and 8 had space occupying lesions in the brain. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of clinical diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke were 90.32%, 92.03%, 83.58%, 92.02% and 91.5% respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of clinical diagnosis of ischemic stroke were 95.96%, 81.58%, 89.47%, 92.53% and 90.5% respectively. Conclusion: The diagnosis of stroke in clinically with high accuracy, but perform a CT scan will help to confirm and differentiate to type stroke. Thus CT scan should be done in all cases stroke to specify the diagnosis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjn.v28i2.17179 Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2012; Vol. 28 (2): 96-101

scholarly journals COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) SCAN

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 321-326
Author(s):  
Irfan Murtaza Shahwani ◽  
Mashooque Ali Dasti ◽  
Muhammad Amjad Kalhoro ◽  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
Bushra Waseem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Case Series ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
One Year

Ring enhancing lesions are a common neurological problem seen in eithergender and in all age groups. Objectives: To determine the clinical presentations and etiologicalfactors in patients with ring enhancing lesion on CT scan brain. Design: Case series study.Period: One year. Setting: Department of medicine, Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad.Patients and methods: Subjects of either sex ≥12 years of age, presented with seizures, fever,focal neurological signs and deficit, headache, weight loss and vomiting and had single ormultiple ring enhancing lesions on computed tomography (contrast CT brain film) were enrolledand entered in the study. CT scan brain was advised to evaluate any identified lesion and thencertain specific biochemical tests were also advised to detect the particular existence etiologicalfactor. The data was analyzed in SPSS 16 and the frequency and percentage was calculated.Results: During one year study period, total 50 subjects were detected as ring enhancing lesionon CT scan. The mean age ±SD of the over all population was 28.87±4.84 whereas the meanage ±SD of male and female population was 27.76±6.53 and 30.76±5.83 respectively. Ringenhancing lesions were right sided in 30 patients (60%), on the left side in 15 (30%) and bilaterallesions were identified in 6 subjects (10%) on brain imaging. Majority of the ring enhancinglesions were single 45 (90%) and the parietal lobe was observed as the commonest site. Theheadache, seizures, fever, pyramidal signs and papilledema was identified the common clinicalfeatures whereas the common etiological factors responsible for ring enhancing impression onbrain CT scan were tuberculoma 17(34%), brain tumor 12(24%), metastasis 05(10%) and brainabscess 04(08%). Conclusions: The male population was predominant while the seizure wasobserved as common clinical feature whereas the tuberculoma, brain tumour and metastasisare the common etiological factors responsible for ring enhancing lesion on brain imaging.

scholarly journals Computed Tomography of the Chest in COVID-19: A Pictorial Review of Indian Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumble Seetharama Madhusudhan ◽  
Deep Narayan Srivastava ◽  
Kushagra V. Garg ◽  
Niranjan Khandelwal
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pictorial Review ◽  
The Common ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractThe Coronavirus disease 2019, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has evolved into a pandemic and has affected more than 130 million people globally to date and continues to infect more. The disease primarily involves the respiratory system and manifests as fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and myalgia. Nearly half of the infected patients may be asymptomatic. The real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) performed on the blood or respiratory samples is the diagnostic test with high accuracy. Although imaging with CT is not routinely indicated in this disease, this modality may provide a quick answer and assist in making a diagnosis in certain situations. In addition, imaging with CT also aids in evaluating the progress of the disease and in prognostication. A thorough knowledge of the common findings on the CT scan helps a radiologist in suggesting a diagnosis when it is performed in unsuspected patients. In this review, we describe the common and uncommon chest findings of COVID-19 on the CT scan.

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