National Evaluation of Prison Industry Enhancement Certification Program (PIECP), 1996-2003 [United States]

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Certification Program ◽  
Prison Industry

Changing of the Guard: A Case for Privatization of Texas Prisons

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD C. BRISTER
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Present Article ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
Private Prison ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Prison Industry ◽  
Correctional Privatization

The privatization of prisons is an idea whose time seems to have come in the United States. Although still a small fraction of the total number of correctional facilities and beds overall, the size of the private sector presence in recent years has increased rapidly. The present article reviews the historical record of correctional privatization in Texas and examines more recent data and issues in that state and elsewhere, to argue that the accelerated growth of the private prison industry is a change for the good.

Private Prisons and the Shift in Marketplace From the War on Drugs to the War on Terror

2018 ◽  
pp. 86-101
Author(s):  
Karina Moreno
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Support ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Private Prisons ◽  
Drug Law ◽  
Private Prison ◽  
States Immigration ◽  
Immigrant Detention ◽  
Prison Industry

This paper outlines the emergence of a new marketplace in the United States, immigration detention, especially after September 11th. This phenomenon is not limited to the United States, but is also observable in other countries as the result of the globalized economy. This paper first explains how the private prison industry adapted from shaping harsh drug law sentencing during the War on Drugs to now sponsoring legislative bills that target immigrants, the new “cash crop” for the private prison industry. Because of the securitization of immigration governance, politics of fear are easily used to justify and build public support for a tough stance on immigration. The end result is that immigrant detention is a highly lucrative and record-breaking profitable enterprise for private prison corporations, with little accountability in its treatment of immigrants and with more and more power in sponsoring and shaping legislation beneficial to their bottom line. Implications now that Trump, who ran a very xenophobic presidential campaign especially hostile to Mexicans and Muslims, are discussed.

Carceral Containments

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-91
Author(s):  
Shannon Speed
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Immigration Detention ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Women's Experience ◽  
Prison Industry

This chapter examines women’s experience in the United States, particularly in immigration detention. It considers the expansion of immigration into private, for-profit prison industry and outlines the multiple violences and human rights violations that the detention of refugees imply.

Private Prisons and the Shift in Marketplace From the War on Drugs to the War on Terror

2019 ◽  
pp. 260-275
Author(s):  
Karina Moreno
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Support ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Private Prisons ◽  
Drug Law ◽  
Private Prison ◽  
States Immigration ◽  
Immigrant Detention ◽  
Prison Industry

This paper outlines the emergence of a new marketplace in the United States, immigration detention, especially after September 11th. This phenomenon is not limited to the United States, but is also observable in other countries as the result of the globalized economy. This paper first explains how the private prison industry adapted from shaping harsh drug law sentencing during the War on Drugs to now sponsoring legislative bills that target immigrants, the new “cash crop” for the private prison industry. Because of the securitization of immigration governance, politics of fear are easily used to justify and build public support for a tough stance on immigration. The end result is that immigrant detention is a highly lucrative and record-breaking profitable enterprise for private prison corporations, with little accountability in its treatment of immigrants and with more and more power in sponsoring and shaping legislation beneficial to their bottom line. Implications now that Trump, who ran a very xenophobic presidential campaign especially hostile to Mexicans and Muslims, are discussed.

Certification for Photovoltaic Power Systems: Premature, Timely or Too Late?

Solar Energy ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ward Bower ◽  
Wendy Parker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
The United States ◽  
Certification Program ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Power Systems

Photovoltaic power systems of all types are being installed in the United States. Grid-connected installations have seen a tremendous jump in their numbers and sizes of installations but there is no complete photovoltaic product (component or system) or installer certification program in effect today in the United States. Standards for utility interconnect, listing for safety, and qualification of hardware are written and listing and qualification programs are available, but practitioner and hardware certifications are not yet in place. This paper addresses the timeliness, framework, and progress of hardware and practitioner certification efforts currently under way in the United States.

Certifications for Medical Interpreters

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-53
Author(s):  
Izabel E. T. de V. Souza
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United States ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Certification Program ◽  
Healthcare Market ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
Certification Programs ◽  
Medical Interpreters ◽  
Overview Analysis

Four countries offer specialized interpreter certification programs that take into account the needs of the healthcare market: Australia, Canada, United Kingdom, and the United States. This chapter provides an overview, analysis, and comparison of these certification programs by which specialized medical interpreters can demonstrate minimum standards of performance. This chapter reviews several components of five certification schemes: 1) pre-requisites, 2) knowledge areas, 3) skills areas, 4) language combinations, and 5) certification maintenance. The comparisons reveal similar approaches to interpreter certification with a few significant variations. These common elements form the basis for a substantive international equivalence and comparability. At a closer look, each scheme reveals different solutions to the shared challenges. This chapter ends with recommendations for any ongoing or future interpreter certification program and for interpreting stakeholders.

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