State Legislative Election Returns in the United States, 1968-1989

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Legislative ◽  
Legislative Election

Pay Equity in Review

1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil E. Reichenberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Reagan Administration ◽  
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Congress ◽  
Pay Equity ◽  
Department Of Justice ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
State Legislative

This article provides an overview of pay equity as well as an update of recent developments concerning this issue. The article summarizes the arguments advanced by pay equity advocates and opponents. There is a discussion of the leading court decisions which is organized as cases brought before and after the United States Supreme Court's landmark decision in the case of County of Washington v. Gunther, 452 U.S. 161 (1981). The position of the Reagan Administration, as set forth by the Department of Justice and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission also is summarized. The article includes a description of the legislation pending before the 99th United States Congress along with state legislative developments. The final section of the article is a pay equity bibliography.

III Trust Arbitration as a Matter of National Law, 7 Legislative Approaches to Trust Arbitration in the United States

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tritt Lee-ford
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
The United States ◽  
Us States ◽  
Normative Analysis ◽  
State Legislative

This chapter explores the variety, validity, and viability of various legislative attempts to resolve the uncertainty surrounding mandatory arbitration of internal trust disputes. In so doing, it provides a descriptive and normative analysis of various state legislative approaches regarding arbitration of trust disputes and critiques these efforts so as to help legislators going forward. Five US states—Florida, Arizona, New Hampshire, Missouri, and South Dakota—have adopted statutes expressly authorizing arbitration of internal trust disputes. The chapter considers each of these enactments in detail. It also compares these provisions to the Uniform Trust Code (UTC) and various proposed statutes in this area of law, including the American College of Trust and Estate Counsel (ACTEC) model acts and a bill that was discussed but ultimately not adopted in Hawai’i.

scholarly journals Breaking the Liberal-Market Mold? Family Policy Variation Across U.S. States and Why It Matters

2020 ◽  
pp. 431-458
Author(s):  
Cassandra Engeman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Models ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
Policy Variation ◽  
State Legislative ◽  
Over Time

AbstractDrawing from U.S. state legislative documents, this chapter examines the development of subnational leave policies across states and over time. The research identifies 72 leave laws adopted by states between 1942 and 2017 and shows how some states are more active than others. In comparison to other countries, states quickly abandoned female-targeted policies in favor of gender-neutral, individual entitlements, and leave rights in the United States can be uniquely distinguished by whether they provide time-off to address medical or caregiving needs. I argue that American lawmakers have an opportunity to layer wage-replacement benefits on top of preexisting, gender-neutral and individual entitlements to job-protected leave in a step toward gender-egalitarian family policy models found in other countries.

The Unrealized Precedent of DAVIS V. BANDEMER

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas R. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
The United States ◽  
Congressional Elections ◽  
The State ◽  
Congressional Districts ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Legislative Districts ◽  
State Legislative

This chapter examines the involvement of the Supreme Court of the United States in litigation relating to partisan gerrymandering, paying particular attention to a case that attempted to apply the previously established Davis v. Bandemer precedent to congressional elections: Vieth v. Jubelirer. It begins with an overview of Badham v. Eu, which arose from the redrawing of California's congressional districts in the aftermath of the 1980 census and its most significant holding: that the Bandemer precedent, which had initially been applied to the drawing of state legislative districts only, also extends to the drawing of congressional districts. The chapter then considers the circumstances surrounding the Vieth case, in which the alleged political gerrymander concerned the reapportionment plan for the congressional districts in the state of Pennsylvania rather than those for the state assembly. It also analyzes the Supreme Court's 2004 decision in Vieth, focusing on Justice Antonin Scalia's plurality opinion and Justice Anthony Kennedy's concurring opinion.

Conclusion and the Future of Presidential-Election Rules

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia McClintock
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
The United States ◽  
Electoral Rules ◽  
New Parties ◽  
Political Exclusion ◽  
Dominant Parties ◽  
Number Of Parties ◽  
Legislative Election

Runoff has been advantageous in Latin America and could be in the United States also. Amid the legitimacy deficits of the 2000 and 2016 elections in the United States, popular demand for change in electoral rules is strong. Although ranked-choice voting is the most common innovation in the United States, it is complex and relatively untested. By contrast, runoff has been tested in Latin America and shown to be successful. Runoff opened the electoral arena to new parties but, at the same time, assured that the president had majority support and was not at an ideological extreme. By contrast, plurality often facilitated political exclusion by dominant parties and exacerbated cynicism and polarization. Although the number of parties was larger under runoff, the concomitant problems can be ameliorated by such measures as the scheduling of the legislative election after the first round and raising the threshold for entry to the legislature.

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