scholarly journals Analysis of diarrheagenic potential of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (06) ◽  
pp. 459-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marium Khaleque ◽  
Selina Akter ◽  
Humaira Akhter ◽  
Sirajul Islam Khan ◽  
Anowara Begum
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Upec Strain ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Urologic Disease ◽  
Virulent Gene

Abstract Introduction: Urinary tract infection is the most frequently diagnosed kidney and urologic disease. Methodology: Whether the Escherichia coli strains responsible for urinary tract infection (UPEC) carry virulence properties of diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC), 56 UPEC strains were examined for the presence of DEC and UPEC characteristics (e.g. biofilm formation, hemolysis activity, virulence genes). Results: Among 56 UPEC strains, 21 showed capable of biofilm formation and only 5 showed hemolysis activity on sheep blood agar. In Multiplex PCR on assessment of virulence genes related to uropathogenesis; 42% was found positive for papC gene, 27% was fim1 positive, 11% was afa positive and none was found positive for sfa. Most of the isolates were found carrying none of eight diarrhea associated genes (e.g. estA, eltB, vt1, vt2, eaeA, ea, ial and bfpA) as expected. Only seven isolates were found to harbor these genes: five genes i.e., vt2, ial, eltB, bfpA and ea were found in five different isolates and two isolates were positive for estA, among these two, one was found positive for fim1, papC along with estA, a UPEC strain containing virulent gene of ETEC strain. One isolate was found carrying fim1 and vt2 showing the property of EHEC and another isolate was found positive for fim1 and ial, the characteristic of EIEC. One isolate harboring bfpA gene characterized as EPEC and the another one was found to harbor ea gene, characterized as EAEC. Conclusions: This study observed that most UPEC strains are unique to uropathogenesis, still very few may carry the diarrheagenic property.  

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial effects of Rosemary and Withania somnifera methanol extract prepared by ultrasound waveform on Escherichia coli biofilm isolated from urinary tract infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Maryam Beigomi ◽  
Asiyeh Biabangard ◽  
Reza Rohani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference

Generally, bacteria co-exist setting up communities associated to solid superficies, this is to which we refer as biofilms that serve as a survival strategy. This type of formation cause serious sanitary problems for both humans and animals. Nowadays, chemical or natural compounds able to block this formation are looked for. In this project, we have evaluation of antimicrobial effects of Rosemary and Withania somnifera extract prepared by ultrasound waveform on Escherichia coli biofilm isolated from urinary tract infection. Rosemary and Withania somnifera extracts were obtained by using rotary devices. E. coli was collected from the patients being cured in Zabol hospitals. The least hindering and killing concentration of the samples were calculated by lowering their densityin sinks. The growth and biofilm formation of strains were determined by microtiterplate method. Data were analyzed statistically by determination of significant difference using analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. All tests were analyzed at the significance level P less than 0.05. The results revealed that the concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/mL are the most restrain in the biofilm formation of the isolated plates. Rosemary and Withania somnifera extracts have considerable antimicrobial and ant biofilm effect on the samples of the E. coli resistant to antibiotics.

scholarly journals Relationship between Escherichia coli strains causing urinary tract infection in women and the dominant faecal flora of the same hosts

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 1015-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. MORENO ◽  
A. ANDREU ◽  
T. PÉREZ ◽  
M. SABATÉ ◽  
J. R. JOHNSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Faecal Flora ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Faecal Samples

To clarify whether prevalence or special pathogenicity is more important in determining urinary tract infection (UTI) causation, we compared the biotype, phylogenetic group, and virulence genes of Escherichia coli urine strains from 11 women with acute lower UTI with those of the host's dominant intestinal E. coli strain(s). Twenty-one unique E. coli clones were identified. For three women, the single faecal clone identified was also the host's urine clone, whereas for eight women faecal samples yielded 1 or 2 distinct non-urine clones (total, n=10), either with (n=3) or without (n=5) the concurrent urine clone. The eight urine clones from the latter eight women exhibited significantly greater inferred virulence, according to virulence gene content and phylogenetic background, than did the hosts' 10 corresponding ‘faecal only’ clones. In contrast, the three urine clones that were detected as the host's sole faecal clone exhibited significantly lower inferred virulence than the other eight urine clones, and were statistically indistinguishable from the 10 ‘faecal only’ clones. In conclusion, special pathogenicity is an important determinant of UTI pathogenesis in women, although prevalence may occasionally allow less virulent strains to cause UTI.

scholarly journals Virulence genes and phylogenetic groups of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infection and uninfected control subjects: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Elham Rezatofighi ◽  
Mahsa Mirzarazi ◽  
Mansour Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Healthy Humans

Abstract Background Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infectious diseases which causes considerable morbidity and costly health problems. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the most common pathogen causing UTI, is a highly heterogeneous group of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) which may carry a variety of virulence factors and belonging to different phylogenetic backgrounds. The current study aimed to investigate the frequency and association between various virulence factors (VFs) and phylogenetic groups of UPEC and commensal isolates. Methods UPEC and commensal E. coli strains isolated from UTI and feces of healthy humans were compared for the presence of VFs and phylogenetic groups. Association between virulence genes was investigated and cluster analysis was employed. Results According to the results, among a 30 virulence markers tested, the pathogenicity-associated island (PAI), papAH, papEF, fimH, fyuA, and traT genes prevalence were statistically significant in UPEC isolates. A strong association was found between the B2 and D phylogenetic groups and clinical isolates of UPEC; while, commensal isolates were mostly associated with phylogenetic group A. The aggregated VFs scores were more than twice higher in the UPEC isolates in comparison with the commensal isolates. Interestingly, the B2 group in both UPEC and commensal isolates had the highest VF scores. A strong positive association was found between several virulence genes. The clustering results demonstrated that UPEC or commensal E. coli isolates were highly heterogeneous due to different composition of their virulence gene pool and pathogenicity islands. Conclusion Genetic structure and VFs of UPEC strains vary from region to region; therefore, to control the UTI, the epidemiological aspects and characterization of the UPEC isolates need to be investigated in different regions. Since UPEC isolates are generally originate from the commensal strains, it may be feasible to reduce the UTI burden by interfering the intestinal colonization, particularly in the highly pathogenic clonal lineages such as B2.

scholarly journals Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli is associated with antibiotic resistance and urinary tract infection symptomatology

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11726
Author(s):  
Verónica I. Martínez-Santos ◽  
María Ruíz-Rosas ◽  
Arturo Ramirez- Peralta ◽  
Oscar Zaragoza García ◽  
Luis Armando Resendiz-Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
Tract Infections

Background Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the causative agent of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in ambulatory patients. However, enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), an emergent bacterial pathogen that causes persistent diarrhoea, has recently been associated with UTIs. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of EAEC virulence genes, antibiotic resistance, as well as biofilm production of UPEC isolates obtained from ambulatory patients with non-complicated UTIs that attended to the ISSSTE clinic in Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico, and correlate these with the patients’ urinary tract infection symptomatology. Methods One hundred clinical isolates were obtained. The identification of clinical isolates, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) production were performed using the Vitek automated system. Assignment of E. coli phylogenetic groups was performed using the quadruplex phylo-group assignment PCR assay. UPEC virulence genes (hlyA, fimH, papC, iutA, and cnf1) and EAEC virulence genes (aap, aggR, and aatA) were detected by multiple PCR. Results We found that 22% of the isolates carried the aggR gene and were classified as UPEC/EAEC. The main phylogenetic group was B2 (44.1% were UPEC and 77.27% UPEC/EAEC isolates, respectively). Over half of the UPEC/EAEC isolates (63.64%) were obtained from symptomatic patients, however the aatA gene was the only one found to be associated with the risk of developing pyelonephritis (OR = 5.15, p = 0.038). A total of 77.71% of the UPEC/EAEC isolates were ESBL producers and 90.91% multidrug-resistant (MDR). In conclusion, UPEC/EAEC isolates are more frequent in symptomatic patients and the aatA gene was associated with a higher risk of developing pyelonephritis, along with UPEC genes hlyA and cfn1. UPEC/EAEC isolates obtained from UTI showed ESBL production and MDR.

scholarly journals Comparison of virulence factors and expression of specific genes between uropathogenic Escherichia coli and avian pathogenic E. coli in a murine urinary tract infection model and a chicken challenge model

Microbiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 1634-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixiang Zhao ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
Haixia Huan ◽  
Xiaojing Xu ◽  
Xiaoping Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) and uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) establish infections in extraintestinal habitats of different hosts. As the diversity, epidemiological sources and evolutionary origins of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) are so far only partially defined, in the present study,100 APEC isolates and 202 UPEC isolates were compared by their content of virulence genes and phylogenetic groups. The two groups showed substantial overlap in terms of their serogroups, phylogenetic groups and virulence genotypes, including their possession of certain genes associated with large transmissible plasmids of APEC. In a chicken challenge model, both UPEC U17 and APEC E058 had similar LD50, demonstrating that UPEC U17 had the potential to cause significant disease in poultry. To gain further information about the similarities between UPEC and APEC, the in vivo expression of 152 specific genes of UPEC U17 and APEC E058 in both a murine urinary tract infection (UTI) model and a chicken challenge model was compared with that of these strains grown statically to exponential phase in rich medium. It was found that in the same model (murine UTI or chicken challenge), various genes of UPEC U17 and APEC E058 showed a similar tendency of expression. Several iron-related genes were upregulated in the UTI model and/or chicken challenge model, indicating that iron acquisition is important for E. coli to survive in blood or the urinary tract. Based on these results, the potential for APEC to act as human UPEC or as a reservoir of virulence genes for UPEC should be considered. Further, this study compared the transcriptional profile of virulence genes among APEC and UPEC in vivo.

scholarly journals Distribution of virulence genes and phylogenetics of uropathogenic Escherichia coli among urinary tract infection patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belayneh Regasa Dadi ◽  
Tamrat Abebe ◽  
Lixin Zhang ◽  
Adane Mihret ◽  
Workeabeba Abebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) bacteria are the major cause of urinary tract infections. UPEC strains derive from different phylogenetic groups and possess an arsenal of virulence factors that contribute to their ability to overcome different defense mechanisms and cause disease. The objective of this study was to identify phylogroup and virulence genes of UPEC among urinary tract infection patients. Methods A total of 200 E. coli bacteria were isolated from 780 UTI patients using culture and conventional biochemical tests. Identification of phylogroup and genes that encodes for virulence factors was done using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data was processed and analyzed with SPSS version16.0 and Epi-info version 3.4.1 software. Result The most common urologic clinical manifestation combinations in this study were dysuria, urine urgency and urgency incontinence. The frequent UPEC virulence gene identified was fim H 164 (82%), followed by aer 109 (54.5%), hly 103 (51.5%), pap 59 (29.5%), cnf 58 (29%), sfa 50 (25%) and afa 24 (12%).There was significant association between pap gene and urine urgency (p-0.016); sfa and dysuria and urine urgency (p-0.019 and p-0.043 respectively); hly and suprapubic pain (p-0.002); aer and suprapubic pain, flank pain and fever (p-0.017, p-0.040, p-0.029 respectively). Majority of E. coli isolates were phylogroup B2 60(30%) followed by D 55(27.5%), B1 48(24%) and A 37(18.5%). There was significant association between E. coli phylogroup B2 and three virulence genes namely afa, pap, and sfa (p-0.014, p-0.002, p-0.004 respectively). Conclusion In this study the most frequent E. coli virulence gene was fim H, followed by aer, hly, pap, cnf, sfa and afa respectively. There was significant association between E. coli virulence genes and clinical symptoms of UTI. The phylogenetic analysis indicates majority of uropathogenic E. coli isolates were phylogroup B2 followed by phylogroup D. Phylogroup B2 carries more virulence genes. Hence, targeting major UPEC phylogroup and virulence genes for potential vaccine candidates is essential for better management of UTI and further research has to be conducted in this area.

scholarly journals degS Is Necessary for Virulence and Is among Extraintestinal Escherichia coli Genes Induced in Murine Peritonitis

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 3088-3096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Redford ◽  
Paula L. Roesch ◽  
Rodney A. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Luria Bertani ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Virulence Attenuation

ABSTRACT Extraintestinal Escherichia coli strains cause meningitis, sepsis, urinary tract infection, and other infections outside the bowel. We examined here extraintestinal E. coli strain CFT073 by differential fluorescence induction. Pools of CFT073 clones carrying a CFT073 genomic fragment library in a promoterless gfp vector were inoculated intraperitoneally into mice; bacteria were recovered by lavage 6 h later and then subjected to fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Eleven promoters were found to be active in the mouse but not in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth culture. Three are linked to genes for enterobactin, aerobactin, and yersiniabactin. Three others are linked to the metabolic genes metA, gltB, and sucA, and another was linked to iha, a possible adhesin. Three lie before open reading frames of unknown function. One promoter is associated with degS, an inner membrane protease. Mutants of the in vivo-induced loci were tested in competition with the wild type in mouse peritonitis. Of the mutants tested, only CFT073 degS was found to be attenuated in peritoneal and in urinary tract infection, with virulence restored by complementation. CFT073 degS shows growth similar to that of the wild type at 37°C but is impaired at 43°C or in 3% ethanol LB broth at 37°C. Compared to the wild type, the mutant shows similar serum survival, motility, hemolysis, erythrocyte agglutination, and tolerance to oxidative stress. It also has the same lipopolysaccharide appearance on a silver-stained gel. The basis for the virulence attenuation is unclear, but because DegS is needed for σE activity, our findings implicate σE and its regulon in E. coli extraintestinal pathogenesis.

scholarly journals CAPSULE PRODUCTION PATTERN OF UROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION PATIENTS IN KIRKUK HOSPITALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 621-627
Author(s):  
May Ali Hussien UMRAN ◽  
Sumaya Najim AL-KHATEEB
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens ◽  
Production Pattern ◽  
Living Organisms

The bacterium Escherichia coli is one of the best free-living organisms studied in depth. It is a surprisingly diverse species, since some strains of E. coli live in the intestine of animals as harmless commensals, while other distinct genotypes, such as an enteropathogenic or enterohemorrhagic E. coli, for example, cause morbidity and death marked as human intestinal pathogens. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a PCR assay for a known and suspected uropathogenic E. coli virulence factor (kpsMT) gene region to determine the distribution of the gene and its role in the development of clinical diseases of the urinary system. A total of 25 urine samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) at Azadi and Kirkuk hospitals in the city of Kirkuk, Iraq. Samples of both genders and different ages were collected from patients with suspected urinary tract infection according to the clinical manifestations and symptoms diagnosed by the examining physician. The samples were cultured and positive samples were subjected to the IMViC test to identify E. coli bacteria and subsequently identified using the Vitek 2 compact system. Among 25 samples, 24 (96%) showed positive results for bacterial cultural growth. Of these, 17 (68%) were identified as Escherichia coli. Of the total of 17 isolates, 14 from patients with mild urinary tract infection, and 3 from patients with Urosepsis. The kpsMT gene was present in 14 isolates (82.3%), including 11 (78.5%) isolates from patients with mild urinary tract infection, and 3 (100%) isolates from patients with Urosepsis. It was concluded that Escherichia coli is the most prevalent in urine tract infection samples. Due to the abundance of the kpsMT gene in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), this gene plays an important role in developing UTI if it is not treated correctly and quickly; mild cases of UTI can turn into Urosepsis.

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