scholarly journals Screening and genotyping of group B streptococcus in pregnant and non-pregnant women in Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feyza Alp ◽  
Duygu Findik ◽  
Hatice Turk Dagi ◽  
Ugur Arslan ◽  
Aybike Tazegul Pekin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Antigen Tests ◽  
Group B

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization, to compare the methods, to determine the relationship between GBS carriage and risk factors, and to genotype the GBS isolates. Methodology: Recto-vaginal swab specimens were obtained from 500 women, and a questionnaire was administered to each to assess their risk factors for GBS carriage. A culture, GBS antigen test, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed on all samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed, and the clonal relationship was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) on all viable isolates. Results: Of the 500 women, sixty-eight (13.6%) women were GBS carriers, of whom 9.8% were pregnant and 16.5% not. There was a significant difference between GBS carriage and history of premature rupture of membrane (PROM). GBS was isolated from 65 (13%) samples. GBS was positive in 70 (14%) samples by antigen test and in 62 (12.4%) by PCR. Sixty-eight of the 70 positive antigen tests were confirmed by PCR or culture. Fifty-five isolates were resistant to tetracycline, 16 to erythromycin and clindamycin, and 13 to levofloxacin. Thirteen different pulsotypes and 17 sporadic strains were determined by PFGE. Conclusions: GBS carriage rate in non-pregnant women was higher than in pregnant women. The GBS antigen test was more sensitive than culture and PCR. GBS isolates did not originate from a single clone and contained sporadic strains. There was a significant difference between GBS carriage and history of PROM. Epidemiologic data obtained in this study will help future studies.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Serotype Distribution of Group B Streptococcus Colonization in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women Living in Belgium: A Prospective Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Dauby ◽  
Catherine Adler ◽  
Veronique Y Miendje Deyi ◽  
Rosalie Sacheli ◽  
Laurent Busson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Colonization Rate ◽  
Vaccine Serotypes ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Group B streptococcus (GBS) infection is a leading cause of severe neonatal infection. Maternal GBS carriage during pregnancy is the main risk factor for both early-onset and late-onset GBS disease. High incidence of GBS infection has been reported in HIV-exposed but -uninfected infants (HEU). We aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors for GBS colonization in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected pregnant women living in Belgium. Methods Between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013, HIV-infected (n = 125) and -uninfected (n = 120) pregnant women had recto-vaginal swabs at 35–37 weeks of gestation and at delivery for GBS detection. Demographic, obstetrical, and HIV infection–related data were prospectively collected. GBS capsular serotyping was performed on a limited number of samples (33 from HIV-infected and 16 from HIV-uninfected pregnant women). Results There was no significant difference in the GBS colonization rate between HIV-infected and -uninfected pregnant women (29.6% vs 24.2%, respectively). HIV-infected women were more frequently colonized by serotype III (36.4% vs 12.5%), and the majority of serotype III strains belonged to the hypervirulent clone ST-17. Exclusively trivalent vaccine serotypes (Ia, Ib, and III) were found in 57.6% and 75% of HIV-infected and -uninfected women, respectively, whereas the hexavalent vaccine serotypes (Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, and V) were found in 97% and 100%, respectively. Conclusions HIV-infected and -uninfected pregnant women living in Belgium have a similar GBS colonization rate. A trend to a higher colonization rate with serotype III was found in HIV-infected women, and those serotype III strains belong predominantly to the hypervirulent clone ST17.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Group B Streptococcus Colonization in Pregnant Women: A Pilot Study in Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohammad Qadi ◽  
Adham AbuTaha ◽  
Ro’ya Al-Shehab ◽  
Salsabil Sulaiman ◽  
Abdallah Hamayel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group B

Background. Maternal Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus (GBS)) colonization is an important cause of complications in mothers and neonates during gestation and after delivery. The data regarding GBS colonization among pregnant women in Palestine is scarce. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of GBS colonization, its associated risk factors, and the antibiotic sensitivity patterns in Nablus, West Bank, Palestine. Methods. A cross-sectional, single center study conducted at Rafidia Governmental Hospital in Nablus, West Bank, Palestine. Samples were collected between November 2019 and January 2020. Vaginal swabs from 200 pregnant women (≥35 weeks of gestation) attending the labor and delivery department were plated directly on CHROMagarTM StrepB (CHROM agar, France) and placed in an incubator at 35–37°C. After 24 and 48 hours, the plates were checked for growth and classified into three categories: growth of GBS with mauve colonies on chromogenic media, no growth, or other growth. The identification of the mauve colonies was confirmed by the CAMP test. Identified GBS isolates were tested for susceptibility to vancomycin, ampicillin, clindamycin, cefotaxime, erythromycin, and levofloxacin using the disc diffusion method. Clinical and demographic information were collected using a questionnaire. Result. The overall prevalence of GBS colonization was 12%. The median age of the study population was 27 years. GBS colonization was significantly associated with age ( p = 0.013 ), history of previous preterm delivery ( p = 0.013 ), and parity ( p = 0.015 ). No association was noted with smoking, previous abortion, previous history of fetal demise, vaginitis, or urinary tract infection. Resistance to ampicillin, vancomycin, cefotaxime, erythromycin, clindamycin, and levofloxacin was found to be 91.7%, 54.2%, 45.8%, 29.2%, 25%, and 8.3%, respectively. Conclusion. The prevalence of vaginal GBS in this study was 12% from Nablus, West Bank. Further research is needed to determine the GBS serotypes common in West Bank and the burden they cause on the health system. Moreover, this study also highlights the need to establish a screening program suited to a developing country with low control on the antibiotic’s prescription protocols.

scholarly journals Poor Adherence to the Screening-Based Strategy of Group B Streptococcus Despite Colonization of Pregnant Women in Greece

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Maria Maroudia Berikopoulou ◽  
Aikaterini Pana ◽  
Theodota Liakopoulou-Tsitsipi ◽  
Nikos F. Vlahos ◽  
Vasiliki Papaevangelou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Group B

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of serious neonatal infections. Maternal GBS colonization is associated with early- and late-onset neonatal disease (EOD/LOD). In Greece, a screening-based strategy is recommended, in which concurrent vaginal-rectal cultures should be obtained between 36 0/7 and 37 6/7 weeks’ gestation. We sought to examine the level of adherence to the GBS screening guidelines and estimate the prevalence of GBS colonization among pregnant women. Although in Greece the screening-based strategy is followed, we also examined known EOD risk factors and linked them to GBS colonization. A cross-sectional study of 604 women postpartum in three hospitals and maternity clinics was conducted. Following written informed consent, data were collected via a short self-completed questionnaire and review of patients’ records. In 34.6% of the enrolled pregnant women, no culture had been taken. Of the remaining, 12.8% had proper vaginal-rectal sample collections. The overall maternal colonization rate was 9.6%. At least one risk factor for EOD was identified in 12.6% of participants. The presence of risk factors was associated with positive cultures (p = 0.014). The rate of culture collection did not differ between women with or without an EOD risk factor. Adherence to a universal screening of pregnant women with vaginal-rectal cultures was poor. Despite probable underestimation of GBS carrier status, almost 1 in 10 participants were GBS positive during pregnancy. Screening of women with risk factors for EOD should, at least, be prioritized to achieve prevention and prompt intervention of EOD.

scholarly journals The prevalence and risk factors of group B streptococcus colonization in Iranian pregnant women

10.19082/4399 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 4399-4404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roksana Darabi ◽  
Sima Tadi ◽  
Mitra Mohit ◽  
Erfan Sadeghi ◽  
Gita Hatamizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Group B

scholarly journals Group B Streptococcus Recto-Vaginal Colonization in Near-Term Pregnant Women, Southwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woubishet Girma ◽  
Nadia Yimer ◽  
Tesfaye Kassa ◽  
Elias Yesuf
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Vaginal Colonization ◽  
History Of ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Group B

BACKGROUND: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is recognized as an important cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Maternal vaginal carriage of GBS (Streptococcus agalactiae) can lead to vertical transmission to the neonate at the time of delivery. However, little is known about its prevalence, predictors and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in Jimma, Ethiopia. This study assessed the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and determinants of GBS recto-vaginal colonization among near-term pregnant women.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to August 2015 at Jimma University Medical Centre in Southwest Ethiopia. Data through questionnaire and GBS isolates from vaginal and rectal swabs were collected. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of GBS colonization among near term pregnant women (35-37 weeks) was 16.3% (22/135). The majority of GBS isolates were sensitive to Ampicillin and Penicillin G with 95.5% and 90.1%, respectively. Erythromycin and clindamycin were resisted by 50% and 40.9% of the isolates, respectively, whereas gentamicin was resisted by all isolates. GBS colonization was significantly associated with a history of preterm delivery (PTD) (AOR: 6.3, 95% CI: 1.42, 28.3) and history of urinary tract infection (UTI) during current pregnancy (AOR: 6.4, 95% CI, 1.95, 21.1).CONCLUSION: Our study indicated that one among six near-term pregnant women had recto-vaginal GBS colonization. In places where universal screening is not feasible, selective screening for factors particularly history of PTD and UTI during current pregnancy may be a reasonable option. Antibiotic susceptibility testing should be performed while using Erythromycin, Clindamycin or Gentamicin. 

scholarly journals Group B Streptococcus serotypes associated with different clinical syndromes: Asymptomatic carriage in pregnant women, intrauterine fetal death, and early onset disease in the newborn

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244450
Author(s):  
Yulia Schindler ◽  
Galia Rahav ◽  
Israel Nissan ◽  
Liora Madar-Shapiro ◽  
Julia Abtibol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Asymptomatic Carriage ◽  
Clinical Syndromes ◽  
Group B ◽  
Dominant Serotype

Objectives To study Group B Streptococcus (GBS) isolates associated with different clinical syndromes: asymptomatic carriage in pregnant women, intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), and early onset disease (EOD) in the newborn. Methods GBS isolates were collected from asymptomatic pregnant women admitted for labor, IUFD cases, and neonates with EOD. Serotypes and antibiotic susceptibilities were determined. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to assess genetic epidemiology. Results GBS carriage rate was 26.1% (280/1074). The dominant serotype among asymptomatic pregnant women was VI [98/240 women (40.8%)], followed by serotypes III, V and IV in 42/240 (17.5%), 30/240 (12.5%) and 28/240 (11.7%) women, respectively. The dominant serotype in IUFD cases was serotype VI [10/13 (76.9%)]. In contrast the prevalent serotype among EOD cases was III [16/19 (84.2%)]. ST-1 was associated with IUFD [7/13 (53.8%)], ST-17 was associated with serotype III and EOD in the newborn 14/19 (73.7%)]. Erythromycin and clindamycin resistance reached 36.8%, 7.7% and 20.0%among EOD, vaginal carriage and IUFD, respectively. Conclusions Serotypes VI and ST-1 were dominant among asymptomatic pregnant women and in IUFD cases while EOD was associated with serotype III and ST-17. Invasive mechanisms thus may differ between IUFD and EOD in the newborn and virulence may be related to capsule serotype. Resistance rates to erythromycin and clindamycin were high in EOD cases.

scholarly journals Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, serotypes and risk factors for group B streptococcus rectovaginal isolates among pregnant women at Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya; A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jisuvei Clayton Salano ◽  
Osoti Alfred ◽  
Maina Anne Njeri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Kenyatta National Hospital ◽  
Group B ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Background: Estimates of group B streptococcus (GBS) disease burden, antimicrobial susceptibility, and serotypes in pregnant women are limited for many resource-limited countries including Kenya. These data are required to inform recommendations for prophylaxis and treatment of infections due to GBS. Methods: We evaluated the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, serotypes, and risk factors associated with rectovaginal GBS colonization among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) between August and November 2017. Consenting pregnant women between 12 and 40 weeks of gestation were enrolled. Interview-administered questionnaires were used to assess risk factors associated with GBS colonization. An anorectal swab and a lower vaginal swab were collected and cultured on Granada agar for GBS isolation. Positive colonies were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to penicillin G, ampicillin, vancomycin, and clindamycin using the disk diffusion method. Serotyping was performed by latex agglutination. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with GBS colonization. Results: A total of 292 women were enrolled. Median age was 30 years (Interquatile range {IQR} 26-35) with a median gestational age of 35 weeks (IQR 30-37). Overall GBS was identified in 60/292 (20.5%) of participants. Among the positive isolates, resistance was detected for penicillin G in 42/60 (72.4%) isolates, ampicillin in 32/60 (55.2%) isolates, clindamycin in 14/60 (30.4%) isolates, and vancomycin in 14 (24.1%) isolates. All ten GBS serotypes were isolated, and 37/53 (69.8%) of GBS positive participants were colonized by more than one serotype. None of the risk factors was associated with GBS colonization.Conclusion: The prevalence of GBS colonization was high among mothers attending antenatal clinic at KNH. In addition, a high proportion of GBS isolates were resistant to commonly prescribed intrapartum antibiotics. Hence, other measures like GBS vaccination is a potentially useful approaches to GBS prevention and control in this population. Screening of pregnant mothers for GBS colonization should be introduced and antimicrobial susceptibility test performed on GBS positive samples to guide antibiotic prophylaxis.

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