scholarly journals Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella serotypes isolated from retail chicken meat and giblets in Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 463-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Reza Sodagari ◽  
Zohreh Mashak ◽  
Amir Ghadimianazar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Retail Chicken Meat

Introduction: Salmonella is one of the major foodborne pathogens responsible for outbreaks of foodborne illness in humans worldwide. Methodology: A total of 560 samples of chicken meat and giblets were collected from retail markets for Salmonella identification, serotyping, and antimicrobial resistance testing. Results: Salmonella was detected in 19.8% of samples. Among the five serotypes identified, S. Thompson was the predominant type (48.7%). High antimicrobial resistance rates were observed to nalidixic acid (92.8%), tetracycline (81%), trimethoprim (68.4%), sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim (61.2%), streptomycin (56.7%), and kanamycin (36.9%). Although resistance to chloramphenicol (3.6%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (5.4%), and ampicillin (11.7%) was detected, none of the isolates were resistant to ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, colistin, gentamicin, nor imipenem. Conclusions: Restrictions on the irrational use of antibiotics in humans and animals are suggested for the reduction of resistant strains.

scholarly journals Species Distribution, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Enterotoxigenicity of Non-aureus Staphylococci in Retail Chicken Meat

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 809
Author(s):  
Soo In Lee ◽  
Sun Do Kim ◽  
Ji Heon Park ◽  
Soo-Jin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Retail Chicken Meat

Non-aureus staphylococci (NAS), including coagulase-negative staphylococci, have emerged as important causes of opportunistic infections in humans and animals and a potential cause of staphylococcal food poisoning. In this study, we investigated (i) the staphylococcal species profiles of NAS in in retail chicken meat, (ii) the phenotypic and genotypic factors associated with antimicrobial resistance in the NAS isolates, and (iii) the prevalence of classical and newer staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) genes. A total of 58 NAS of nine different species were isolated from retail raw chicken meat samples. The occurrence of multidrug resistance in the NAS, particularly S. agnetis and S. chromogenes, with high resistance rates against tetracycline or fluoroquinolones were confirmed. The tetracycline resistance was associated with the presence of tet(L) in S. chromogenes and S. hyicus or tet(K) in S. saprophyticus. The occurrence of fluoroquinolone resistance in S. agnetis and S. chromogenes was usually associated with mutations in the quinolone resistance determining regions (QRDR) of gyrA and parC. In addition, the frequent presence of SE genes, especially seh, sej, and sep, was detected in S. agnetis and S. chromogenes. Our findings suggest that NAS in raw chicken meat can have potential roles as reservoirs for antimicrobial resistance and enterotoxin genes.

scholarly journals Prevalence and diversity of Arcobacter spp. in retail chicken meat in Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celenk Molva ◽  
Halil Ibrahim Atabay
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Waterborne Pathogens ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Retail Chicken Meat

Arcobacters are food and waterborne pathogens associated with human and animal infections. The objective of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and diversity of <em>Arcobacter</em> spp. in commercially sold chicken meat in İzmir region of Turkey. For this purpose, 100 samples including legs (n=40), 17 chicken quarters (n=17), drumstickers (n=16), breasts (n=11), wings (n=10), and carcasses (n=6) were collected from different retail markets. A total of 65 isolates were confirmed as <em>Arcobacter</em> spp. from 55 samples by genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The prevalence of <em>Arcobacter</em> spp. was 32.5, 81.3, 64.7, 72.7, 83.3, and 50% for legs, drumstickers, chicken quarters, breasts, carcasses and wings, respectively. Based on the multiplex-PCR, most of the isolates were identified as <em>A. butzleri</em> (n=45, 80%), followed by <em>A. cryaerophilus</em> (n=2, 3.6%), <em>A. skirrowii</em> (n=1, 1.8%) and 17 isolates (30.9%) could not be identified at the species level.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolated from Frozen Chicken Meat in Bangladesh

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mst. Sonia Parvin ◽  
Sudipta Talukder ◽  
Md. Yamin Ali ◽  
Emdadul Haque Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Tanvir Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Encoding Genes

Escherichia coli is known as one of the most important foodborne pathogens in humans, and contaminated chicken meat is an important source of foodborne infection with this bacterium. The occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli (ESBL-Ec), in particular, in chicken meat is considered a global health problem. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of E. coli, with special emphasis on ESBL-Ec, along with their phenotypic antimicrobial resistance pattern in frozen chicken meat. The study also focused on the determination of ESBL-encoding genes in E. coli. A total of 113 frozen chicken meat samples were purchased from 40 outlets of nine branded supershops in five megacities in Bangladesh. Isolation and identification of E. coli were done based on cultural and biochemical properties, as well as PCR assay. The resistance pattern was determined by the disc diffusion method. ESBL-encoding genes were determined by multiplex PCR. The results showed that 76.1% of samples were positive for E. coli, of which 86% were ESBL producers. All the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Resistance to 9–11 and 12–13 antimicrobial classes was observed in 38.4% and 17.4% isolates, respectively, while only 11.6% were resistant to 3–5 classes. Possible extensive drug resistance (pXDR) was found in 2.3% of isolates. High single resistance was observed for oxytetracycline (93%) and amoxicillin (91.9%), followed by ampicillin (89.5%), trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, and pefloxacin (88.4%), and tetracycline (84.9%). Most importantly, 89.6% of isolates were resistant to carbapenems. All the isolates were positive for the blaTEM gene. However, the blaSHV and blaCTX-M-2 genes were identified in two ESBL-non producer isolates. None of the isolates carried the blaCTX-M-1 gene. This study provided evidence of the existence of MDR and pXDR ESBL-Ec in frozen chicken meat in Bangladesh, which may pose a risk to human health if the meat is not properly cooked or pickled raw only. This emphasizes the importance of the implementation of good slaughtering and processing practices by the processors.

Antimicrobial Resistance Types and Genes in Salmonella enterica Infantis Isolates from Retail Raw Chicken Meat and Broiler Chickens on Farms

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
TETSUO ASAI ◽  
MICHIYO ITAGAKI ◽  
YUTAKA SHIROKI ◽  
MAKIKO YAMADA ◽  
MITSUO TOKORO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Class 1 Integron ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Retail Chicken Meat

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Infantis isolates from retail raw chicken meat (n = 98) and broiler chickens on farms (n = 70) were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and antimicrobial resistance genes. A total of 15 antimicrobial resistance types, 14 in meat and 10 in broiler isolates, were identified, and 9 of the 15 types were indistinguishable between meat and broiler isolates. Resistance to both oxytetracycline and dihydrostreptomycin accounted for 94.0% of the resistance types in meat and broiler isolates, and each type harbored aadA1 within 1.0 kb of class 1 integron and tetA. Of nalidixic acid resistance types, point mutations at 87Asp (GAC) to Tyr (TAC) in the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyrA was detected in 10 of 13 meat isolates and at 87Asp to Asn (AAC) in four of seven broiler isolates. These findings suggest that the antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella Infantis in retail chicken meat predominantly originates from broiler chickens.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Campylobacter from Humans, Retail Chicken Meat, and Cattle Feces

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1129-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fraser J. Gormley ◽  
Norval J.C. Strachan ◽  
Kenneth Reay ◽  
Fiona M. MacKenzie ◽  
Iain D. Ogden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Cattle Feces ◽  
Retail Chicken Meat

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Essential Oils for Mitigation of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Fresh Retail Chicken Meat

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3006
Author(s):  
Alaa Eldin M. A. Morshdy ◽  
Mohammed S. Al-Mogbel ◽  
Mohamed E. M. Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Tharwat Elabbasy ◽  
Azza K. Elshafee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Capacity Loss ◽  
Retail Chicken Meat ◽  
Safety Applications

Listeria monocytogenes is one of the most severe foodborne pathogens found in several habitats. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the antilisterial activity of different essential oils (EOs) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) L. monocytogenes strains isolated from fresh chicken meat. Our results showed that the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in the examined samples was 48%. Seventy-eight isolates were identified as L. monocytogenes. Out of these, 64.1% were categorized as MDR and were categorized in 18 patterns with 50 MDR isolates. One isolate was selected randomly from each pattern to investigate their biofilm-forming ability, resistance, and virulence genes incidence. Out of 18 MDR isolates, 88.9% showed biofilm-forming ability. Moreover, the most prevalent resistance genes were ermB (72%), aadA (67%), penA (61%), and floR genes (61%). However, the most prevalent virulence genes were inlA (94.4%), prfA (88.9%), plcB (83.3%), and actaA (83.3%). The antilisterial activity of EOs showed that cinnamon bark oil (CBO) was the most effective antilisterial agent. CBO activity could be attributed to the bioactivity of cinnamaldehyde which effects cell viability by increasing the bacterial cell electrical conductivity, ion leakage, and salt tolerance capacity loss. Therefore, CBO could be an effective alternative natural agent for food safety applications.

scholarly journals Spectrum of antibiotic resistant bacteria and fungi isolated from chronically infected wounds in a rural district hospital in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Krumkamp ◽  
Kwabena Oppong ◽  
Benedikt Hogan ◽  
Ricardo Strauss ◽  
Hagen Frickmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Rural Ghana ◽  
Infected Wounds ◽  
Resistance Rates

Abstract Background: Chronic infected wounds are generally difficult to manage and treatment can be particularly challenging in resource-limited settings where diagnostic testing is not readily available. In this study, the epidemiology of microbial pathogens in chronically infected wounds in rural Ghana was assessed to support therapeutic choices for physicians.Methods. Culture-based bacterial diagnostics including antimicrobial resistance testing were performed on samples collected from patients with chronic wounds at a hospital in Asante Akim North Municipality, Ghana. Fungal detection was performed by broad-range fungal PCR and sequencing of amplicons. Results: In total, 105 patients were enrolled in the study, from which 207 potential bacterial pathogens were isolated. Enterobacteriaceae (n=84, 41%) constituted the most frequently isolated group of pathogens. On species level, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=50, 24%) and Staphylococcus aureus (n=28, 14%) were predominant. High resistance rates were documented, comprising 29% methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus as well as resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones in 33% and 58% of Enterobacteriaceae, respectively. One Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain with carbapenem resistance was identified. The most frequently detected fungi were Candida tropicalis.Conclusions: The pathogen distribution in chronic wounds in rural Ghana matched the internationally observed patterns with a predominance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Very high resistance rates discourage antibiotic therapy but suggest an urgent need for microbiological diagnostic approaches, including antimicrobial resistance testing to guide the management of patients with chronic wounds in Ghana.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Diversity of Salmonella along the Pig Production Chain in Southern Brazil

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano dos Santos Bersot ◽  
Valéria Quintana Cavicchioli ◽  
Cibeli Viana ◽  
Raquel Cristina Konrad Burin ◽  
Anderson Carlos Camargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Pig Carcasses ◽  
Resistance Rates

Control of Salmonella spp. in food production chains is very important to ensure safe foods and minimize the risks of foodborne disease occurrence. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and main contamination sources of Salmonella spp. in a pig production chain in southern Brazil. Six lots of piglets produced at different farms were tracked until their slaughter, and samples were subjected to Salmonella spp. detection. The obtained isolates were serotyped, subjected to antimicrobial resistance testing, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Salmonella spp. was detected in 160 (10.2%) samples, and not detected in pig carcasses after final washing or chilling. Among the 210 Salmonella spp. isolates, S. Typhimurium was the most prevalent (n = 101) and resistant to at least one antimicrobial. High resistance rates were detected against tetracycline (83.8%), chloramphenicol (54.3%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (33.3%). The isolates that were non-susceptible to three or more classes of antimicrobials (n = 60) were considered multidrug-resistant (MDR), and isolates resistant to up to six of the tested antimicrobials were found. PFGE allowed the identification of genetic diversity and demonstrated that farm environment and feed supply may be sources for the dissemination of Salmonella spp. along the production chain. The results revealed the sources of Salmonella contamination in the pig production chain and highlighted the risks of antimicrobial resistance spread.

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