scholarly journals Brain tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in an HIV-positive patient: a biopsy-proven case

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Letizia Giancola ◽  
Francesco Baldini ◽  
Carmine Maria Carapella ◽  
Elisa Busi Rizzi ◽  
Rita Maddaluno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapies ◽  
Proven Case ◽  
Tuberculosis Diagnosis ◽  
Immunological Reconstitution ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

The case of an HIV-infected man from Eritrea previously diagnosed with tuberculosis, who presented neurological impairment and cerebral lesion after having voluntarily stopped anti-tubercular and antiretroviral therapies, is here reported. Treatments associated with steroids and mannitol were administered. The patient’s condition improved, but neuroimaging showed a continuous worsening of the lesion, while a great immunological reconstitution was observed. Brain microsurgery was performed. A tuberculosis diagnosis was supported by pathological and microbiological examinations. Tuberculosis arising during immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is a complication of antiretroviral treatment and is considered to be an emerging disorder, especially in countries highly endemic for tuberculosis.

scholarly journals A Severe Case of Molluscum Contagiosum Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in a Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Siddiqui ◽  
Brett Stephen Mansfield ◽  
Nine-Paula Olmesdahl ◽  
Peter Swart ◽  
Jeremy Nel
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Severe Case ◽  
Molluscum Contagiosum ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Paradoxical immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients initiating antiretroviral treatment (ART) is caused by restored immunity to specific antigens, resulting in worsening of a pre-existing infection. Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is commonly noted in HIV-positive individuals but ART alone is usually sufficient to bring about resolution. We present a rare case of severe MC-IRIS that worsened despite immune reconstitution.

scholarly journals A Case of Rupioid Syphilis Masquerading as Aggressive Cutaneous Lymphoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e2015026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Braue ◽  
Thomas Hagele ◽  
Abraham Tareq Yacoub ◽  
Suganya Mannivanan ◽  
Frank Glass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphoma ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

Secondary syphilis has been known since the late 19th century as the great imitator; however, some experts now regard cutaneous lymphoma as the great imitator of skin disease. Either disease, at times an equally fastidious diagnosis, has reported to even mimic each other. It is thus vital to consider these possibilities when presented with a patient demonstrating peculiar skin lesions. No other manifestation of secondary syphilis may pose such quandary as a rare case of rupioid syphilis impersonating cutaneous lymphoma. We present such a case, of a 36-year-old HIV positive male, misdiagnosed with aggressive cutaneous lymphoma, actually exhibiting rupioid syphilis thought secondary to immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS).

Chronic vulval ulceration — another immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome?

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Reddy ◽  
G A Luzzi
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

We describe a patient who developed intractable chronic vulval ulceration that we believe was related to immune reconstitution following treatment of HIV infection with highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained vulval ulceration that arises after starting HAART.

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