scholarly journals Detection of putative virulence genes in Aeromonas isolates from humans and animals

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1398-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanifi Körkoca ◽  
Yusuf Alan ◽  
Sedat Bozari ◽  
Mustafa Berktas ◽  
Yaşar Goz
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Screening ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Animal Isolates

Introduction: Aeromonas are food- and water-borne bacteria that are considered to be zoonotic human pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the presence of genes associated with virulence in human and animal Aeromonas isolates and the potential role of animal isolates with regards to human Aeromonas infections. Methodology: The presence of aerA, hlyA, alt, ast, laf, ascF-G, stx1 and stx2 putative virulence genes in 40 human and animal Aeromonas isolates (16 human and 24 animal isolates) were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA fragments of expected sizes were purified and sequenced. BLAST in the NCBI was used to verify any amplified products. Results: PCR screening showed that hlyA, alt, and laf genes were determined at ratios of 6.25%, 50%, and 6.25%, respectively, in human isolates. The ratios of hlyA, alt, ascF-G, laf, stx2, and stx1 genes in animal isolates were 58.3%, 20.83%, 33.3%, 20.83%, 8.33%, and 4.17%, respectively. Neither aerA nor ast genes were detected in any isolates. Any one of eight putative virulence genes was not detected in seven human and eight animal isolates in the study. Conclusions: The current study is the first to investigate the presence of the virulence gene in gull Aeromonas isolates. The manifestation of the presence of the virulence gene and gene combinations was considerable, especially in fish and gull isolates when compared with clinical human isolates. The current study demonstrates the potential importance of fish and gulls in terms of human Aeromonas infections.

A study of genes involved in adipocyte differentiation

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunming Zhu ◽  
Gong Cheng ◽  
Huolan Zhu ◽  
Gongchang Guan
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Lipid Droplet Formation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Microarray Technique

AbstractWith the use of the microarray technique, genes expressed in the late phase of adipocyte differentiation were investigated. These genes play an important role in stimulating adipocyte growth and lipid droplet formation. Therefore, they contribute a great deal to the onset of obesity.With the use of SW872 adipocytes and the microarray technique, genes related to adipocyte differentiation were tested and compared with undifferentiated preadipocytes 14 days after induction. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for confirmation.More than 21,329 transcriptors were expressed and determined, of which 1326 increased and 687 decreased undifferentiated adipocytes. Among them, 21 were highly expressed by more than 10-fold. With RT-PCR, 12 were confirmed, including apelin, CIDEC, PID1, LYRM1, ADD1, PPARγ2, ANGPTL4, ADIPOQ, ACOX1, FIP1L1, MAP3K2 and PEX14. Furthermore, genes involved in lipid metabolism, signal transduction, DNA replication, redox status and transcription factors were determined as well. Novel genes involved in adipogenesis (e.g., apelin) were detected.A variety of genes were discovered and validated with RT-PCR at the late phase of adipocyte differentiation. This may help us better understand the onset of obesity and the potential role of adipocytes in other organs.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DOS GENES DE VIRULÊNCIA E FORMAÇÃO DOS BIOFILMES EM Escherichia coli ISOLADAS EM UM LABORATÓRIO CLÍNICO DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE/SP

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Hevelin Regiane Augusto Da Silva ◽  
Mikaely Aparecida De Souza Bonifácio ◽  
Mayla Silva Cayres De Oliveira ◽  
Lizziane Kretli Winkelstroter Eller
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Star Anise ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Host Infection ◽  
Progressive Accumulation

Escherichia coliisone of the main microorganisms that cause urinary tract infection (UTI). The objective of this work was to evaluate the presence of virulence genes, the biofilm formation and the potential inhibition of biofilms by essential oil of ginger and star anise in Escherichia coliisolated from a clinical laboratory at Presidente Prudente-SP. In the biofilm formation, the titration microplate technique was used and the polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the presence of the virulence genes. The results showed that 100% of the isolates formed biofilms. Only six isolates presented reduction of biofilms in presence of essential oil. The most frequent virulence gene was fimH(100%) followed by kpsMTII (99.9%) papC(98.9%) and fliC (84.8%). We emphasize that the microorganisms may be in a phase of progressive accumulation of virulence factors which facilitates the increase of the severity of the host infection

scholarly journals Molecular analysis of Blastocystis sp. and its subtypes from treated wastewater routinely used for irrigation of vegetable farmlands in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 837-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Javanmard ◽  
Hanieh Mohammad Rahimi ◽  
Maryam Niyyati ◽  
Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei ◽  
Meysam Sharifdini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blastocystis Sp ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Abstract Treated wastewater samples were collected, filtered using sterile 47-mm cellulose nitrate membrane and DNA extracted from the filtered materials. The presence of Blastocystis sp. was confirmed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the SSU rRNA gene of Blastocystis sp. in 5/12 of samples. Based on the subtype analysis after sequencing, 2, 2 and 1 of ST2, ST6 and ST8 were detected among the isolates, respectively. Furthermore, both ST6s were allele 139, alleles 11 and 138 were identified in ST2 and the only ST8 was allele 95. The phylogenetic tree showed that one of ST2 was clustered together with those ST2 that were already reported from humans and animals. The presence of Blastocystis sp. in treated wastewater can indicate the potential role of this type of water for irrigation in the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to downstream farmlands.

scholarly journals Comparative Phosphoproteomics of Classical Bordetellae Elucidates the Potential Role of Serine, Threonine and Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Bordetella Biology and Virulence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Don Wai Luu ◽  
Ling Zhong ◽  
Sandeep Kaur ◽  
Mark J. Raftery ◽  
Ruiting Lan
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Nucleotide Synthesis ◽  
Virulence Gene Expression

The Bordetella genus is divided into two groups: classical and non-classical. Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella parapertussis are known as classical bordetellae, a group of important human pathogens causing whooping cough or whooping cough-like disease and hypothesized to have evolved from environmental non-classical bordetellae. Bordetella infections have increased globally driving the need to better understand these pathogens for the development of new treatments and vaccines. One unexplored component in Bordetella is the role of serine, threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation. Therefore, this study characterized the phosphoproteome of classical bordetellae and examined its potential role in Bordetella biology and virulence. Applying strict identification of localization criteria, this study identified 70 unique phosphorylated proteins in the classical bordetellae group with a high degree of conservation. Phosphorylation was a key regulator of Bordetella metabolism with proteins involved in gluconeogenesis, TCA cycle, amino acid and nucleotide synthesis significantly enriched. Three key virulence pathways were also phosphorylated including type III secretion system, alcaligin synthesis and the BvgAS master transcriptional regulatory system for virulence genes in Bordetella. Seven new phosphosites were identified in BvgA with 6 located in the DNA binding domain. Of the 7, 4 were not present in non-classical bordetellae. This suggests that serine/threonine phosphorylation may play an important role in stabilizing/destabilizing BvgA binding to DNA for fine-tuning of virulence gene expression and that BvgA phosphorylation may be an important factor separating classical from non-classical bordetellae. This study provides the first insight into the phosphoproteome of classical Bordetella species and the role that Ser/Thr/Tyr phosphorylation may play in Bordetella biology and virulence.

scholarly journals Antimicrobials resistance patterns and the presence of stx1, stx2 and eae in Escherichia coli

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Lacerda Homem ASSUMPÇÃO ◽  
Marita Vendovelli CARDOZO ◽  
Lívia Gerbase BERALDO ◽  
Renato Pariz MALUTA ◽  
Joviany Talita SILVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

The objectives of this study were to investigate whether antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or the presence of resistance genes was associated with the occurrence of the virulence genes, stx1, stx2 andeae. Three virulence genes and 11 AMR phenotypes were examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and antimicrobial susceptibility tests. From 800 samples collected in this study, 561 samples were isolatesE. coli strains , being: 90 (16.0%) carriers ofstx1, 97 (17.3%) of stx2 and 45 (8.0%) ofeae genes singly. Thirty seven (6.6%) isolates were carriers of stx1 and stx2, 110 (19.6%) were carriers of stx1 and eae and 67 (11.9%) were carriers of stx2 and eae. The most common virulence gene detected was stx1followed bystx2. The findings showed no relationship between presence of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance. Also was not found relationship between serogroup and virulence factors.

Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression Is Up-Regulated in the Development of Endometrioid Carcinoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumei Liang ◽  
Cuiping Huang ◽  
Shuangzheng Jia ◽  
Bo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Myometrial Invasion ◽  
Atypical Hyperplasia ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Normal Endometrium ◽  
Strong Staining ◽  
Polymerase Chain

BackgroundActivated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that contributes to cell migration. The present study investigated the potential role of ALCAM in the transition from normal endometrium to endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EEC).MethodsTo clarify the role of ALCAM in endometrial tumorigenesis, we determined the levels of protein and messenger RNA expression of ALCAM in human endometrial tissue (proliferative phase [n = 20], secretory phase [n = 20], simple hyperplasia [n = 15], complex hyperplasia [n = 12], atypical hyperplasia [AH, n = 14], EEC [n = 42]) using immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively.ResultsExpression of ALCAM detected by immunohistochemistry showed a gradual increase from normal endometrium to atypical hyperplasia in a membranous pattern; in addition, cytoplasmic staining emerged in a few cases of simple hyperplasia and complex hyperplasia, which also showed an increasing tendency. Most cases of EEC showed a homogenously strong staining in all parts of the tumor; other cases showed either membranous or cytoplasmic strong staining; heterogeneous loss of membranous staining was also found in some cases. Similar results of ALCAM expression were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. In EEC, ALCAM expression was significantly increased in high-grade tumors and cases with myometrial invasion; however, no correlation was found between ALCAM expression and surgical pathological stages.ConclusionsThe up-regulation of ALCAM expression during endometrial carcinogenesis and the correlations of ALCAM expression with grade and myometrial invasion suggest its potential role as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.

Molecular Analysis of Uropathogenic E.coli Isolates from Urinary Tract Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Valadbeigi ◽  
Elham Esmaeeli ◽  
Sobhan Ghafourian ◽  
Abbas Maleki ◽  
Nourkhoda Sadeghifard
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: The aim of the current study was to investigate the prevalence of virulence genes in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates in Ilam. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, a total of 80 UPEC isolates were collected for patients with UTIs during a 6 months period. The multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex PCR) was used to detect the papEF, fimH, iucD, hlyA, fyuA, and ompT genes. Results: The prevalence of fimH, papEF, iucD, fyuA, hlyA, hlyA, and ompT genes were 87.5%, 47.5%, 60%, 67.5%, 27.5%, 47.5% and 71.2%, respectively. Among all of the isolates, 27 profiles were obtained. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that the most prevalence was found for fimH, and different distribution of virulence genes suggested different ability of pathogenicity.

scholarly journals Chest CT texture-based radiomics analysis in differentiating COVID-19 from other interstitial pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiano Caruso ◽  
Francesco Pucciarelli ◽  
Marta Zerunian ◽  
Balaji Ganeshan ◽  
Domenico De Santis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the potential role of texture-based radiomics analysis in differentiating Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pneumonia from pneumonia of other etiology on Chest CT. Materials and methods One hundred and twenty consecutive patients admitted to Emergency Department, from March 8, 2020, to April 25, 2020, with suspicious of COVID-19 that underwent Chest CT, were retrospectively analyzed. All patients presented CT findings indicative for interstitial pneumonia. Sixty patients with positive COVID-19 real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and 60 patients with negative COVID-19 RT-PCR were enrolled. CT texture analysis (CTTA) was manually performed using dedicated software by two radiologists in consensus and textural features on filtered and unfiltered images were extracted as follows: mean intensity, standard deviation (SD), entropy, mean of positive pixels (MPP), skewness, and kurtosis. Nonparametric Mann–Whitney test assessed CTTA ability to differentiate positive from negative COVID-19 patients. Diagnostic criteria were obtained from receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Unfiltered CTTA showed lower values of mean intensity, MPP, and kurtosis in COVID-19 positive patients compared to negative patients (p = 0.041, 0.004, and 0.002, respectively). On filtered images, fine and medium texture scales were significant differentiators; fine texture scale being most significant where COVID-19 positive patients had lower SD (p = 0.004) and MPP (p = 0.004) compared to COVID-19 negative patients. A combination of the significant texture features could identify the patients with positive COVID-19 from negative COVID-19 with a sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 80% (p = 0.001). Conclusions Preliminary evaluation suggests potential role of CTTA in distinguishing COVID-19 pneumonia from other interstitial pneumonia on Chest CT.

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