scholarly journals Foodborne bacterial pathogens recovered from contaminated shawarma meat in northern Jordan

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1407-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Nimri ◽  
Fatina Abu AL- Dahab ◽  
Raymond Batchoun
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Safety Regulations

Introduction: The purpose of the study was to isolate, identify, and determine the antimicrobial resistance of the bacterial pathogens recovered from shawarma (donair) sandwiches served to the public in Jordan. Methodology: Bacterial contamination of 100 shawarma sandwiches with pathogenic bacteria was studied by culture on selective media, serology, PCR assay, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: One hundred and forty-five bacterial isolates were identified. The predominant species was Escherichia coli (28.3%), with six isolates of serotype O157:H7, followed by Salmonella spp. (25.5%). Higher contamination rates were found in chicken sandwiches. The majority of these bacteria expressed high resistance to several antimicrobials, especially tetracycline and streptomycin. Citrobacter freundii was isolated from 15.9% and Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 8.3% of the sandwiches. The presence of these pathogens is of primary concern because some strains are capable of producing a heat-stable enterotoxin that causes food poisoning in humans, and should therefore be taken into account in risk assessment. Conclusions: Results signify the importance of sustained surveillance of foodborne pathogens in shawarma sandwiches to minimize the risk of contamination. Availability of data on the isolated pathogens and modes of transmission in food from different countries would provide a common ground for reaching international agreement on food safety regulations.

scholarly journals The Use of Bacteriophages in the Poultry Industry

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Żbikowska ◽  
Monika Michalczuk ◽  
Beata Dolka
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Food Contact Surfaces ◽  
Public Health And Safety

The emergence of multidrug-resistant infections and antibiotic failures have raised concerns over human and veterinary medicine worldwide. Poultry production has had to confront the problems of an alarming increase in bacterial resistance, including zoonotic pathogens. According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis have been the most frequently reported human foodborne diseases linked to poultry. This situation has strongly stimulated a renewal of scientists’ interest in bacteriophages (phages) since the beginning of the 21st century. Bacteriophages are the viruses of bacteria. They are abundant in nature, and accompany bacteria in each environment they colonize, including human microbiota. In this review, we focused on the use of bacteriophages as therapeutic agents to treat infections and reduce counts of pathogenic bacteria in poultry, as biocontrol agents to eliminate foodborne pathogens on/in food, and also as disinfectants to reduce contamination on food-contact surfaces or poultry carcasses in industrial conditions. Most of the phage-based products are targeted against the main foodborne pathogens, such as Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Clostridium perfringens. Phages are currently addressed at all stages of the poultry production "from farm to fork", however, their implementation into live birds and food products still provokes discussions especially in the context of the current legal framework, limitations, as well as public health and safety.

Insects as vectors of foodborne pathogenic bacteria

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Blazar ◽  
Marc Allard ◽  
E. Kurt Lienau
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
House Fly ◽  
American Cockroach ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Salmonella Spp

AbstractFood safety is an important consideration worldwide. To maintain and improve our current knowledge of foodborne disease outbreaks, we must understand some of the more imminent issues related to food safety. A variety of agents are responsible for transmitting the estimated 76 million cases of illnesses caused by foodborne pathogens every year. This review explores why insects pose a serious health concern, in terms of worldwide food safety initiatives, by looking at evidence in published <abs>Food safety is an important consideration worldwide. To maintain and improve our current knowledge of foodborne disease outbreaks, we must understand some of the more imminent issues related to food safety. A variety of agents are responsible for transmitting the estimated 76 million cases of illnesses caused by foodborne pathogens every year. This review explores why insects pose a serious health concern, in terms of worldwide food safety initiatives, by looking at evidence in published literature. We highlight at least eleven different species of insects, including the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer); secondary screwworm, Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius); synanthropic flies [flesh fly, Sarcophaga carnaria (L.); house fly, Musca domestica (L.); fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen); and stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.)], American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.); German cockroach, Blatella germanica (L.); Oriental cockroach, Blatta orientalis (L.); Pacific beetle cockroach, Diploptera punctata (Eschscholtz); and Speckled feeder cockroach, Nauphoeta cinerea (Olivier), which act as vectors for Salmonella spp. or Escherichia coli and illustrate how these insects are successful vectors of foodborne disease outbreaks. We propose that insects be considered as one of the latest issues in food safety initiatives. Not only are some insects extremely important contributors to diseases, but now we suggest that more research into insects as potential carriers of E. coli and Salmonella spp., and therefore as contributing to foodborne disease outbreaks, is granted.

Multidrug resistant Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli from a popular Ready-to-Eat local food (Fufu) from commercial food vendors in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courage Kosi Setsoafia Saba ◽  
Akosua Bonsu Karikar ◽  
Enoch Yeleliere ◽  
Patrick Takyi ◽  
Stephen Wilson Kpordze
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Microbial contamination of vended foods are of public health importance due to the potential of becoming a reservoir of foodborne pathogens and resistant strains of bacteria. This study looked at the presence of pathogenic bacteria in a popular Ready-To-Eat (RTE) traditional food, Fufu in Ghana. Sixty (60) Fufu samples were obtained from various food joints categorized as Opened, Semi-closed and Closed or Restaurants. Samples were processed and analyzed using standard bacteriological methods. The susceptibility profiles of the isolates were obtained by using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method with the EUCAST guidelines with the five antibiotics. Prevalence of E. coli was 85% and Salmonella species was 68%. Microbial count of isolated E. coli ranged from 0 to 3×106 cfu/ml. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) among the different modes of operations. Fufu samples from Opened, Semi-closed and Closed joints were respectively contaminated with E. coli and Salmonella species as follows: 92%, 76%; 80%, 60% and 80%, 65%. The Salmonella species showed highest resistance to erythromycin (58.5%) and E. coli species were commonly resistant to Ceftazidime (88.2%) and Ceftriaxone (94.1%). All isolates were susceptible to nitrofurantoin. Multidrug resistance was detected among 27.5% of E. coli strains and 14.6% of Salmonella species. Fufu from the different eating joints in the Tamale Metropolis were substantially contaminated with multidrug resistant pathogens. The study recommends surveillance studies of resistant pathogens in foods, increased education and training of food vendors on sanitation, food handling and safety practices in the region.

scholarly journals Possible Bacteria Pathogens Found in the Internal Surface of Ladies Handbags in Umuahia, Abia State, South-Eastern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Nwankwo E.O. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Microbiological Methods

Bacteria including the pathogenic species have been isolated from fomites, these organisms are sometimes multidrug resistant and are of public health concern. It is therefore important to isolate and identify potential bacterial pathogens associated with the internal surface of ladies handbags, in Umuahia, Abia state. One hundred and forty swabbed samples were collected from the ladies hand bags in different groups of individuals which include; Nurses, civil servants, students and market women. Also the handbags from which the samples were collected includes: Leather, Cotton, Nylon and Polyester and velvet handbags. The bags were swabbed with sterile swab sticks and inoculated on different types of culture media and incubated at 37o C for 24 hours. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard microbiological methods including biochemical tests before subjecting isolates to different antimicrobial sensitivity test that was carried out by disc diffusion method. The following bacteria were isolated from the internal surface of the handbags, Coagulase Negative Staphylococci 6(2.6%), Escherichia coli 36(15.7%), Klebsiella spp. 14(6.1%), Staphylococcus aureus 49(21.3%), Bacillus spp. 48(20.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5(2.2%), Proteus spp. 5(2.2%), streptococcus spp. 31(13.5), Micrococcus spp. 20(8.7%), Salmonella spp. 3(1.3%) and Enterococcus faecalis 13(5.7%). Most of the isolates were sensitive to levofloxacin, gentamicin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and resistant to ampiclox, chloramphenicol and erythromycin. Potentially pathogenic bacteria resistant to multiple antibiotics can be spread by hand contact from ladies handbags. Keywords: Bacterial pathogens, ladies handbags, antibiogram

scholarly journals Detection and quantification of Salmonella in fresh vegetables in Perak, Malaysia

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seow Hoon Saw ◽  
J.L. Mak ◽  
M.H. Tan ◽  
S.T. Teo ◽  
T.Y. Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Wet Market

The eating of fresh and minimally processed vegetables is getting popular among Malaysians. This trend poses an increased risk of food poisoning associated with the consumption of fresh produce contaminated with pathogenic bacteria. Salmonellosis is a foodborne disease caused by several non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovars, predominantly serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of Salmonella spp., S. enterica serovar Enteritidis and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium in fresh leafy vegetables such as cabbages (n = 40), lettuces (n = 20), and fruit vegetables such as tomatoes (n = 40), carrots (n = 40) and cucumbers (n = 40), which were sold by three different hypermarkets and a wet market in Kampar, Perak, Malaysia. The study was performed over a period of 13 months (January 2018 to January 2019). A combination of most probable number-multiplex polymerase chain reaction (MPN-mPCR) method was used to quantify the concentrations of Salmonella spp., S. enterica serovar Enteritidis and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium in the examined samples. The results of this study demonstrated that of the vegetables tested, tomatoes, carrots and lettuces were not contaminated by Salmonella spp., S. enterica serovar Enteritidis and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. However, the presence of Salmonella spp. was detected in 3.3% of cabbages from the hypermarket, with estimated microbial loads ranging from <3.0 MPN/g to 15.0 MPN/g. On the other hand, S. enterica serovar Typhimurium was detected in 10.0% of the cucumbers from hypermarkets and 20% of them from the wet market. Their microbial loads were ranging from <3.0 MPN/g to >1,100 MPN/g. This indicated that cabbages and cucumbers could be the potential sources of salmonellosis. Therefore, the monitoring of food safety and hygienic practices should be strictly enforced by relevant government agencies to avoid potential poisoning by foodborne pathogens.

scholarly journals Naira note: Potential Environmental Material for Transmitting Bacterial Pathogens among Food Dealers in Umuahia, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Ekene S. Odo ◽  
Gloria N. Ebe ◽  
Michael N. Umeh ◽  
Daniel A. Nwaubani ◽  
Israel C. Omekara
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Bacterial Contaminants ◽  
Environmental Material ◽  
Shigella Spp

Inanimate objects can serve as environmental vehicles for transmitting pathogenic bacteria among individuals in the population. Our study revealed that of the 72 naira notes examined, 58 samples representing 80.6% had bacterial contaminants. The bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (70.8%), Salmonella spp. (51.4%), Escherichia coli (44.4%), Shigella spp. (22.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (18.1%), and Proteus spp. (1.4%). The naira notes examined were all obtained from food dealers particularly fish sellers, food vendors, and meat sellers. The presence of these bacterial pathogens on naira notes handled by those food dealers is an important public health hazard as they can contaminate food leading to foodborne diseases and intoxications. Our study found that lower denominations of currency notes (naira), were mostly contaminated by these pathogens and this could be as a result of their frequent use in daily transactions.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Ethiopian Paper Currency Notes in Wolaita Sodo, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Krishna Moorthy Sivalingam ◽  
Dawit Leja Dola
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Market Area ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Taxi Drivers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Paper Currency ◽  
Wolaita Sodo ◽  
Different Sources

The present study was conducted to isolate pathogenic bacteria and their antimicrobial resistance pattern from Ethiopian paper currency notes in Wolaita Sodo town. A total of 240 Ethiopian paper currency notes samples in different denominations were collected from four different sources such as market, taxi drivers, fruit sellers and hotels. All the samples were processed to isolate bacterial pathogens using standard techniques and identified by different biochemical tests. Further all identified isolates were used to know the sensitivity/resistant patterns by Bauer-Kirby method based on the zone formation. Out of 240 paper currency notes samples, 120 were showed positive with four different genus such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Shigella sp. and Salmonella sp. Among these four different genera, S. aureus were highly prevalent (20.8%) followed by E. coli (14.58%), Shigella sp. (10.81%), and Salmonella sp. (3.74%). From the selected four different sources of currency notes such as market, taxi drivers, fruit sellers and hotel, currency notes collected from market area showed the highest rate of contamination followed by taxi drivers, fruit sellers and hotel. S.s aureus, E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Shigella sp. showed resistivity varied from 70-100% against all the antibiotics. Tobramycin showed 20% effective against S. aureus, 11.5% effective against Shigella spp. and 33% effective against Salmonella spp. while E. coli showed 14% sensitivity against Metronidazole antibiotics. Therefore, the present study concludes that the Ethiopian Paper currency notes contaminated with bacterial pathogens and play significant role in the transmission of human pathogenic microorganisms. Keywords: Prevalence, Pathogenic bacteria, Paper Currency and Antimicrobial susceptibility 

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of foodborne pathogenic bacteria recovered from fermented meat products

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Naeima M. H. Yousef ◽  
Doaa M. Abd El- Aziz ◽  
Martina A. Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Meat Samples

Foodborne pathogenic bacteria are causing diseases with a significant effect on human health and the economy. The four most common bacterial foodborne pathogens were isolated from different fermented meat products and characterized molecularly in the current study. A total of 20 random samples of fermented meat products, including Hotdog, pepperoni, salami, sausage, and luncheon (4 from each), were collected from different markets to be examined bacteriologically for detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria. The samples were tested by culture for the presence of bacteria. PCR was used as a diagnostic tool for the proper identification of foodborne pathogenic bacteria. So, the pure isolates were identified and confirmed by PCR- based method using specific primers for each genus. The isolated pathogenic bacteria were identified as Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus. Out of 20 samples, only one sample contains E. coli 0157:H7. Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. were isolated from two samples. At the same time, S. aureus was found in 6 samples, one of which was mecA positive. The results revealed the presence of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in fermented meat samples. So, to decrease the human hazard risk and a major public health threat associated with foodborne pathogenic bacteria and their toxins, a greater emphasis should be applied in control and prevention of contamination during processing and manipulation.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characterization of Pathogenic Bacteria in Bulk Tank Raw Milk, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 588-599
Author(s):  
Chanida KUPRADIT ◽  
Sasidhorn INNOK ◽  
Jirayus WORARATPHOKA ◽  
Mariena KETUDAT-CAIRNS
Keyword(s):  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Enterotoxin Genes ◽  
Bulk Tank

Although there are a number of raw milk collection centers in Nakhon Ratchasima, there is a lack of information with regard to the process of isolation and characterization of foodborne pathogens in raw milk. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the prevalence and characterization of foodborne pathogens, including Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus from 33 raw milk samples from 9 different raw milk collection centers located in 8 districts in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. This study was conducted from January to March 2016. Results revealed that the contaminations of L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. were not detected in any of the raw milk samples tested. The prevalence of B. cereus, E. coli, and S. aureus in raw milk samples was found to be 9 % (10 - 2.0 ×104 CFU/ml), 42.4 and 54 % (85 - 2.7 ×104 CFU/ml), respectively. The distribution of virulence genes was tested in B. cereus and S. aureus using gene specific primers by polymerase chain reaction. Out of the 29 analyzed coagulase-positive S. aureus isolates, 27 isolates (93 %) were positive for eap gene amplification and 14 isolates (48 %) showed amplicon of eap gene and all 5 enterotoxin genes, including seG, seGV, seI, seIV, and seM genes. All 8 B. cereus isolates tested showed positive PCR result with enterotoxin FM (entFM) gene but they showed negative with hemolysin gene (hblA and hblD genes) amplifications. It was inferred from these findings that bulk tank milk is a potential source of S. aureus and B. cereus in milk.

scholarly journals Pathogens Transmitted through Contaminated Rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leka Lutpiatina
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Review Articles ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Rice can be a source of food poisoning because it can be contaminated with dangerous pathogens. Pathogens that often transmitted through rice are Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. This chapter aims to explain the dangers of pathogens transmitted through contaminated rice, modes of transmission, contamination cases, and precautions. The method used in writing is to review articles. It is known that pathogens transmitted through contaminated rice can cause food poisoning, which occurs due to consuming rice containing pathogenic bacteria. Several cases of contamination of Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus in rice occurred in Indonesia, Pakistan, India, Malaysia, Belgium, America, Australia, Korea, Iran, China, and Nigeria. In general, prevention is by proper handling of raw materials, controlling the temperature of cooking and storing rice, and personal hygiene of food handlers.

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