scholarly journals Genotypic characterization of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Enteritidis isolates in Dakar, Senegal

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (03) ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Gassama Sow ◽  
Abdoul Aziz Wane ◽  
Mamadou Hadi Diallo ◽  
Cheikh Saad-Bouh Boye ◽  
Awa Aïdara-Kane
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis

Background: It is well established that Salmonella enterica is a major cause of food-borne disease worldwide. In Africa, according to the Who Global Salm-Surv country data bank from 2000 to 2002 Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis was the most common serotype involved in human salmonellosis. In Dakar this serotype of Salmonella has been reported as a frequent and an increasing cause of human infection. Methodology: The genetic determinants of the antimicrobial resistance of 25 selected multiresistant strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis referred to the National Reference Center for Enterobacteria (NRCE) in Dakar were investigated using molecular techniques. Results: All strains carried blaTEM 1 genes. Five harboured three types of class 1 integrons with gene cassettes dfrA15, dfrA1-aadA1 and dfrA7. Multiresistance was due to a 23 Kb conjugative plasmid. DNA fingerprinting by macrorestriction of genomic DNA revealed a single related group suggesting that strains might be clonal. Conclusions: The spread of resistance genes through plasmid transfer plays an important role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in enteric pathogens such as Salmonella Enteritidis; the risk of transmissibility of antibiotic resistance between different bacterial strains highlights the urgent need to develop strategies to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial enteropathogens.

scholarly journals Survival characteristics of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in chicken egg albumen

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 967-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. KANG ◽  
C. LOUI ◽  
R. I. CLAVIJO ◽  
L. W. RILEY ◽  
S. LU
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chicken Egg ◽  
Egg Albumen ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) is a major foodborne pathogen primarily causing human infection through contaminated chicken eggs. To understand how SE survives in chicken egg albumen, we systematically and quantitatively analysed the survival properties of SE in egg albumen and identified factors affecting its survival. Survival assays of SE in egg indicate that egg albumen restricted the growth of SE. A major factor that controlled SE's growth in egg albumen was iron restriction, since egg albumen supplemented with iron allowed SE to grow, and iron acquisition mutants of SE showed decreased survival in egg albumen. In addition, low pH of albumen, high concentrations of bacteria and low incubation temperatures of bacteria with albumen facilitates the survival of SE. Our results suggest that egg albumen uses multiple mechanisms to control SE including iron limitation, surface interaction and possible enzymatic activities.

Partial Correlation Between Phenotypic and Genotypic Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Strains from Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1466-1471
Author(s):  
Fábio Campioni ◽  
Carolina N. Gomes ◽  
Alzira M.M. Bergamini ◽  
Dália P. Rodrigues ◽  
Juliana P. Falcão
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in Morocco

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 804-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida Ohmani ◽  
Khadija Khedid ◽  
Saad Britel ◽  
Aicha Qasmaoui ◽  
Reda Charof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Resistance Rates

Introduction: Salmonella enterica is recognised worldwide as one of the major agents of human gastrointestinal infections. The aim of the present work is to ascertain the antimicrobial susceptibilities of 150 Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis isolates from humans in Morocco during the period from 2000 to 2008. Methodology: Antimicrobial resistance determination was performed by disk diffusion method using seven antibiotics. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin was determined for nalidixic acid-resistant (NAR) isolates using E-test strips. Results: Sixty-one (42%) isolates were resistant to at least one class of antimicrobial agent. The largest numbers of resistant isolates were observed for nalidixic acid with 53 isolates (36%) followed by ampicillin with 7 isolates (5%), tetracycline with 6 isolates (4%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole with 2 isolates (1%).The resistant isolates were grouped in seven different resistance patterns of which two isolates were resistant to three antibiotics. Among the 53 (36%) NAR isolates, 37 (76%) had a reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Resistance rates of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis from Morocco are generally low but the resistance to nalidixic acid is worryingly common. Continual surveillance of antibiotic resistance is of primary importance.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Kottbus Strain Kharkiv, Isolated from a Commercial Pork Production Facility in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Arefiev ◽  
Ganna Kovalenko ◽  
Maciej Frant ◽  
Tetiana Chumachenko ◽  
Yuliia Polyvianna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Production Facility ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Long Read

ABSTRACT The complete genome of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Kottbus strain Kharkiv (serogroup C2-C3), which was isolated from a commercial pork production facility in Kharkiv, Ukraine, was assembled using long-read Nanopore sequences. A single circular contig (4,799,045 bp) comprised a complete chromosome encoding antibiotic resistance, highlighting the risk of cross-species livestock and human infection.

Growth of Salmonella Enteritidis Phage Type 30 in Almond Hull and Shell Slurries and Survival in Drying Almond Hulls

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
AARON R. UESUGI ◽  
LINDA J. HARRIS
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Outbreak Strain ◽  
High Concentrations

Traceback investigation of a 2000 to 2001 outbreak of salmonellosis associated with consumption of raw almonds led to isolation of the outbreak strain Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis phage type (PT) 30 on three geographically linked almond farms. Interviews with these growers revealed that significant rain fell during the 2000 harvest when many almonds were drying on the ground. The objectives of this study were to document weather conditions during the 2000 harvest, determine the potential for growth of Salmonella Enteritidis PT 30 in hull or shell slurries, and evaluate survival of Salmonella Enteritidis PT 30 on wet almond hulls during drying. Dry almond hulls and in-shell kernels wetted for 24 h increased in weight by 250 to 300% and 100%, respectively. Both hull and shell slurries supported rapid growth of Salmonella Enteritidis PT 30 at 24°C; slurries containing hulls also supported growth at 15°C. Maximum Salmonella Enteritidis PT 30 concentrations of 6.2 and 7.8 log CFU/ml were observed at 15 and 24°C, respectively. Salmonella Enteritidis PT 30 grown in wet hulls that were incubated at 24°C survived drying at either 15 or 37°C. Reductions of 1 to 3 log CFU/g of dry hull were observed during drying; reductions generally declined as incubation time increased from 2 to 7 days. Evaluation of shipping records revealed that approximately 60% of outbreak-associated almonds had not been exposed to rain, eliminating this factor as the sole cause of the outbreak. However, the data provide evidence that wet almonds may be a greater risk for high concentrations of Salmonella, and specific guidelines should be established for harvesting and processing almonds that have been exposed to rain or other water sources.

Inhibitory Effects of Enterococcus Strains Obtained from a Probiotic Product on In Vitro Growth of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Strain IFO3313

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2258-2262 ◽  
Author(s):  
WATTHANA THEPPANGNA ◽  
KOICHI OTSUKI ◽  
TOSHIYUKI MURASE
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Probiotic Product

Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus gallinarum strains were isolated from a commercial probiotic product and the effects of these strains on the growth of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis strain IFO3313 were investigated. Viable cell counts of Salmonella Enteritidis in mixed cultures with the probiotic product isolate of E. faecium were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those in pure cultures after 6, 8, and 24 h when the cultures were incubated in heart infusion broth at 37 and 41°C. Significant differences in viable cell counts of Salmonella Enteritidis in mixed cultures with the probiotic product isolate of E. gallinarum and those in pure cultures were also observed after 8 and 24 h at 37 and 41°C. Similar observations were shown in mixed cultures of Salmonella Enteritidis with the reference strains of E. faecium GIFU8355 and E. gallinarum ATCC 49573. Significant differences in viable cell counts of these enterococcal strains were not shown among pure and mixed cultures with Salmonella Enteritidis. The pH values in pure and mixed cultures were 7.0 or 7.5 throughout the experiments. E. faecium strains were found to harbor the genes encoding enterocins A and B and showed inhibitory zones with a diameter of 4 to 6 mm against growth of Salmonella Enteritidis in the enterocin production assays. However, the E. gallinarum strains possessed neither of the enterocin genes tested and exhibited no inhibition zone in the enterocin production assays. These results indicated that enterococcal strains exhibit inhibitory effects on the growth of Salmonella Enteritidis and these effects were due to both enterocin and nonenterocin factors.

Incubation of Supplemented Egg Contents Pools To Support Rapid Detection of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD K. GAST ◽  
PETER S. HOLT
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Time ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Enrichment Broth ◽  
Direct Plating ◽  
Internal Contamination ◽  
Rapid Methods

Detecting internal contamination of eggs with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis) is an important aspect of efforts to identify infected laying flocks. When egg contents pools are tested for Salmonella Enteritidis, a preliminary incubation step is often employed to allow small initial populations of contaminants to multiply to more easily detectable numbers. Consistent detection of Salmonella Enteritidis in egg pools by direct plating requires the presence of at least 105 CFU/ml, whereas some very rapid methods can require as many as 107 CFU/ml. The present study determined the rates at which initial inocula of approximately 10 Salmonella Enteritidis cells multiplied in 10-egg pools, some of which were supplemented with concentrated nonselective enrichment broth or with a source of iron. At 37°C, Salmonella Enteritidis concentrationsin supplemented egg pools usually reached 105 CFU/ml within 12 h and 107 CFU/ml by 12 to 15 h of incubation. At 25°C, Salmonella Enteritidis concentrations in supplemented egg pools typically attained 105 CFU/ml by 18 to 27 h and 107 CFU/ml by 27 to 36 h of incubation. At both temperatures, Salmonella Enteritidis multiplication was significantly slower in unsupplemented pools. Accordingly, the length of incubation time necessary for consistent detection of small numbers of Salmonella Enteritidis in egg contents pools depends on the incubation temperature used, on whether the egg pools are supplemented to increase the rate of bacterial multiplication, and on the sensitivity of subsequent tests applied to the incubated pools.

scholarly journals A severe gastroenteritis outbreak of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis PT8, with PFGE profile XbaI.0024 and MLVA profile 2-9-7-3-2 following a christening reception, Greece, 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. MANDILARA ◽  
C. M. VASSALOS ◽  
A. CHRISOSTOMOU ◽  
K. KARADIMAS ◽  
E. MATHIOUDAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽  
Hospital Admission Rate

SUMMARYIn June 2016, a Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis outbreak (n = 56) occurred after a christening reception in Central Greece, mainly affecting previously healthy adults; one related death caused media attention. Patients suffered from profuse diarrhoea, fever and frequent vomiting episodes requiring prolonged hospitalisation and sick leave from work, with a 54% hospital admission rate. The majority of cases experienced serious illness within <12 h of attending the party. We investigated the outbreak to identify the source(s) of infection and contributing factors to the disease severity. From the retrospective cohort study, the cheesy penne pasta was the most likely vehicle of infection (relative risk 7·8; 95% confidence interval 3·6–16·8), explaining 79% of the cases. S. enterica ser. Enteritidis isolates were typed as phage-type PT8, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis type XbaI.0024, multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis-type 2-9-7-3-2. The strain did not share the single-nucleotide polymorphism address of the concurrent European S. enterica ser. Enteritidis PT8 outbreak clusters. Following five consecutive years with no documented S. enterica ser. Enteritidis outbreaks in Greece, this outbreak, likely associated with a virulent strain, prompted actions towards the enhancement of the national Salmonella molecular surveillance and control programmes including the intensification of training of food handlers for preventing similar outbreaks in the future. Advanced molecular techniques were useful in distinguishing unrelated outbreak strains.

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