scholarly journals Exploiting the mycobacterial cell wall to design improved vaccines against tuberculosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
pp. 169-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Morandi ◽  
Michela Sali ◽  
Riccardo Manganelli ◽  
Giovanni Delogu
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Bacille Calmette Guerin ◽  
Host Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Interaction Processes ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell Wall ◽  
Mycobacterial Strain

The only vaccine available against tuberculosis (TB), the Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), does not provide effective protection against the most common forms of adult TB and in recent years efforts have been made to develop a new and improved vaccine.  Among the strategies implemented, the generation of a new live attenuated mycobacterial strain is seen as one of the most promising and feasible, for scientific, ethical and practical reasons.  The new understanding of the biology of the tubercle bacilli and of host-pathogen interaction processes, coupled with the possibility to engineer BCG or M. tuberculosis, opened new avenues to design “intelligent” vaccines, capable of eliciting the immune response associated with protection while avoiding the induction of the host immune response associated with immunopathology.  The complex and highly immunogenic mycobacterial cell wall can shape the general and antigen specific immune response elicited following immunization, and the possibility to exploit this knowledge may lead to the development of new vaccines that could help conquer this ancient human disease.

Conserved Molecular Superlattices in a Series of Homologous Synthetic Mycobacterial Cell-Wall Lipids Forming Interdigitated Bilayers

Langmuir ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (48) ◽  
pp. 12693-12701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birte Martin-Bertelsen ◽  
Anan Yaghmur ◽  
Henrik Franzyk ◽  
Sarah Justesen ◽  
Jacob J. K. Kirkensgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell Wall

scholarly journals Mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis: a multifaceted antibiotic target

Parasitology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHERINE A. ABRAHAMS ◽  
GURDYAL S. BESRA
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell ◽  
Clinical Drugs ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell Wall

SUMMARYMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb), the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), is recognized as a global health emergency as promoted by the World Health Organization. Over 1 million deathsperyear, along with the emergence of multi- and extensively-drug resistant strains ofMtb, have triggered intensive research into the pathogenicity and biochemistry of this microorganism, guiding the development of anti-TB chemotherapeutic agents. The essential mycobacterial cell wall, sharing some common features with all bacteria, represents an apparent ‘Achilles heel’ that has been targeted by TB chemotherapy since the advent of TB treatment. This complex structure composed of three distinct layers, peptidoglycan, arabinogalactan and mycolic acids, is vital in supporting cell growth, virulence and providing a barrier to antibiotics. The fundamental nature of cell wall synthesis and assembly has rendered the mycobacterial cell wall as the most widely exploited target of anti-TB drugs. This review provides an overview of the biosynthesis of the prominent cell wall components, highlighting the inhibitory mechanisms of existing clinical drugs and illustrating the potential of other unexploited enzymes as future drug targets.

scholarly journals Organization of the mycobacterial cell wall: a nanoscale view

2007 ◽  
Vol 456 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Alsteens ◽  
Claire Verbelen ◽  
Etienne Dague ◽  
Dominique Raze ◽  
Alain R. Baulard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell Wall

scholarly journals Differential Host Pro-Inflammatory Response to Mycobacterial Cell Wall Lipids Regulated by the Mce1 Operon

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica D. Petrilli ◽  
Igor Müller ◽  
Luana E. Araújo ◽  
Thiago M. Cardoso ◽  
Lucas P. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Differential Host ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell Wall

Inhibitors of an essential mycobacterial cell wall lipase (Rv3802c) as tuberculosis drug leads

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (18) ◽  
pp. 5166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. West ◽  
Katie M. Cergol ◽  
Millie Xue ◽  
Elizabeth J. Randall ◽  
Warwick J. Britton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell Wall ◽  
Drug Leads

ChemInform Abstract: Inhibitors of an Essential Mycobacterial Cell Wall Lipase (Rv3802c) as Tuberculosis Drug Leads.

ChemInform ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (36) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. West ◽  
Katie M. Cergol ◽  
Millie Xue ◽  
Elizabeth J. Randall ◽  
Warwick J. Britton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell ◽  
Mycobacterial Cell Wall ◽  
Drug Leads
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