scholarly journals Assessment of prophylactic antibiotic usage habits of the general surgeons in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (07) ◽  
pp. 758-764
Author(s):  
Cem Karaali ◽  
Mustafa Emiroglu ◽  
Huseyin Esin ◽  
Ismail Sert ◽  
Cengiz Aydın ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Contaminated Wound ◽  
General Surgeons ◽  
Clean Contaminated

Introduction: One of the most important aspects of inappropriate antibiotic use among general surgeons in Turkey is the use of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SP). In order to shed light on the current situation, we conducted a survey of general surgeons in our country. Our aim was to evaluate the approach taken by our general surgeons in prescribing SP, while providing data pertinent to the effectiveness of the ‘Rational Drug Use’ (AIK) national action plan. Methodology: A questionnaire on the subject of personal SP usage and compliance with guidelines was distributed amongst general surgeons between 2018-2019. The questions related to individual approaches taken by surgeons when treating patients with either clean or clean-contaminated wounds. Results of the questionnaires were collated and compliance with ASHP guidelines was evaluated. Results: A total of 317 completed questionnaires were evaluated. According to the questionnaire results, the rate of total compliance with ASHP guidelines was 26.8%. The compliance rate for preoperative SP was 69.7% in the clean wound group and 54.6% in the clean-contaminated wound group. Although 96.5% of the participants reported correct timing for the first dose of SP, this number dropped to 79.5% apropos the adminstration of further doses of prophylaxis. The percentage of surgeons prescribing continued antibiotics at discharge for clean and clean-contaminated cases was 22.7% and 38.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that inappropriate use of SP is widespread in our country, and that antibiotics continue to be prescribed at discharge.

scholarly journals A new antibiotic stewardship program approach is effective on inappropriate surgical prophylaxis and discharge prescription

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 961-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Karaali ◽  
Mustafa Emiroglu ◽  
Sabri Atalay ◽  
Ismail Sert ◽  
Ayberk Dursun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Secondary Outcome Measure ◽  
Stewardship Program ◽  
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Clean Contaminated

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a new antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) on surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SP) and antibiotics in discharge prescriptions used as a continuation of SP. Methodology: The study included elective patients with clean and clean-contaminated wounds. The accuracy of the assigned SP was evaluated according to international guidelines. Primary outcome measures comprised appropriateness of prophylactic antibiotic indication, correct timing of initial dose, discontinuation of SP within 24 hours, and antibiotic prescription at discharge. A secondary outcome measure was to determine whether the effect of ASP was sustained long-term. Results: The total compliance rate for all stages of SP increased from 8% to 52.1% after the intervention (p < 0.05). When analyzed according to individual SP components, it was found that although ASP did not change first dose timing rates, it did affect the rates of prophylactic antibiotic indication, discontinuation of SP within 24 hours and antibiotic prescription at discharge, with statistical significance (p < 0.05). In addition, ASP continued to increase its effectiveness throughout the 3rd year. Conclusions: Based on the findings of our study, it seems clear that the modified ASP introduced in our general surgery clinic can be used effectively and simply; in addition, this ASP increases its efficacy with time.

A National Survey of Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Turkey

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 758-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih Hosoglu ◽  
Mustafa Sunbul ◽  
Serpil Erol ◽  
Mustafa Altindis ◽  
Rahmet Caylan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Surgical Prophylaxis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Clean Contaminated

AbstractObjective:To assess the quality of antibiotic prophylaxis for clean and clean-contaminated elective surgical procedures.Design:A cross-sectional, country-wide survey.Setting:Thirty-six hospitals in 12 cities in Turkey.Participants:Four hundred thirty-nine surgeons from 6 different specialties who performed selected procedures of interest.Methods:A random sample of surgeons from different hospitals was selected. A standardized data collection form was used to record the type of procedure, the names, doses, timing of the first doses, and duration of antibiotics, important decisive factors, and problems in the management of prophylactic antibiotic use for surgical procedures.Results:Fifty-five percent of surgeons addressed completed the survey. For clean-contaminated procedures, 6% of surgeons did not use antibiotic prophylaxis, whereas 88% used more than a single dose. Inappropriate antibiotics were chosen for 32% of procedures. In 39% of procedures, the first dose of antibiotics was not administered during induction of anesthesia. Duration of prophylaxis was longer than 24 hours in 80% and longer than 48 hours in 46% of all procedures. Only 112 surgeons (26%) were using definitely appropriate prophylaxis in all ways. Multivariate analysis revealed that surgeons in university hospitals (OR, 2.353; CI95, 1.426–3.884; P = .001) and general surgeons (OR, 4.986; CI95, 2.890–8.604; P < .001) used antibiotic prophylaxis more appropriately. Patients not covered by health insurance (OR, 0.417; CI95, 0.225–0.772; P < .001) were associated with inappropriate prophylaxis.Conclusion:Given the high frequency of antibiotics prescribed for surgical prophylaxis in Turkey, adherence to surgical prophylaxis guidelines is urgently needed.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Veterinarians Towards Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship in Nigeria

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 453
Author(s):  
Usman O. Adekanye ◽  
Abel B. Ekiri ◽  
Erika Galipó ◽  
Abubakar Bala Muhammad ◽  
Ana Mateus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Laboratory Services ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health concern and the inappropriate use of antibiotics in animals and humans is considered a contributing factor. A cross-sectional survey to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of veterinarians regarding AMR and antimicrobial stewardship was conducted in Nigeria. A total of 241 respondents completed an online survey. Only 21% of respondents correctly defined the term antimicrobial stewardship and 59.8% were unaware of the guidelines provided by the Nigeria AMR National Action Plan. Over half (51%) of the respondents indicated that prophylactic antibiotic use was appropriate when farm biosecurity was poor. Only 20% of the respondents conducted antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) frequently, and the unavailability of veterinary laboratory services (82%) and the owner’s inability to pay (72%) were reported as key barriers to conducting AST. The study findings suggest strategies focusing on the following areas may be useful in improving appropriate antibiotic use and antimicrobial stewardship among veterinarians in Nigeria: increased awareness of responsible antimicrobial use among practicing and newly graduated veterinarians, increased dissemination of regularly updated antibiotic use guidelines, increased understanding of the role of good biosecurity and vaccination practices in disease prevention, and increased provision of laboratory services and AST at affordable costs.

scholarly journals Targets for the reduction of antibiotic use in humans in the Transatlantic Taskforce on Antimicrobial Resistance (TATFAR) partner countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio D’Atri ◽  
Jacqueline Arthur ◽  
Hege Salvesen Blix ◽  
Lauri A Hicks ◽  
Diamantis Plachouras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Antimicrobial Consumption ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
And Control

Unnecessary and inappropriate use of antibiotics in human healthcare is a major driver for the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance; many countries are implementing measures to limit the overuse and misuse of antibiotics e.g. through the establishment of antimicrobial use reduction targets. We performed a review of antimicrobial use reduction goals in human medicine in Transatlantic Taskforce on Antimicrobial Resistance partner countries. On 31 March 2017, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control sent a questionnaire to National Focal Points for Antimicrobial Consumption and the National Focal Points for Antimicrobial Resistance in 28 European Union countries, Iceland and Norway. The same questionnaire was sent to the TATFAR implementers in Canada and the United States. Thirty of 32 countries replied. Only nine countries indicated that they have established targets to reduce antimicrobial use in humans. Twenty-one countries replied that no target had been established. However, 17 of these 21 countries indicated that work to establish such targets is currently underway, often in the context of developing a national action plan against antimicrobial resistance. The reported targets varied greatly between countries and can be a useful resource for countries willing to engage in the reduction of antibiotic use in humans.

scholarly journals Community Use of Antibiotics in Turkey: The Role of Knowledge, Beliefs, Attitudes, and Health Anxiety

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1171
Author(s):  
Ümmügülsüm Gaygısız ◽  
Timo Lajunen ◽  
Esma Gaygısız
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Rational Drug

Turkey has been among the leading countries in antibiotic consumption. As a result of the 4-year National Action Plan for Rational Drug Use, antibiotic prescriptions had declined from 34.9% in 2011 to 24.6% in 2018. However, self-medication with antibiotics without prescription is common, which is not reflected in official statistics. The present study aims at investigating antibiotic use in the community and the factors related to it. A web-based survey was conducted among 945 Turkish-speaking respondents (61.3% female). The questionnaire included questions about antibiotic use for different illnesses, ways to obtain and handle leftover antibiotics, knowledge, beliefs of the antibiotic effectiveness, attitudes, health anxiety, and background factors. According to the results, 34.2% of the sample had self-medicated themselves with antibiotics without a valid prescription. The most common way to self-medicate was to use leftover antibiotics. While 80.4% knew that antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, 51.4% thought that antibiotics are effective for viral diseases. The most important predictor of antibiotic use frequency was the belief in their efficiency for various illnesses and symptoms, followed by negative attitudes to antibiotics, health anxiety, knowledge level, positive attitudes, and health status. The results underline the importance of targeting misbeliefs about antibiotics in future campaigns.

scholarly journals The Use of Prophylactic Antibiotics on Orthopaedic Procedures in an Academic Hospital in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Yuani Setiawati ◽  
Azmi Farhadi
Keyword(s):  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Orthopedic Procedures ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Clean Contaminated

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are common surgical complications that will increase cost of treatment. The incidence of SSI can be prevented with antibiotic prophylactic. Uncompliance using of prophylactic antibiotics is one of the factors leading to the occurrence a microbes resistance. The data on the using of prophylactic antibiotics in Indonesia is still limited. Objective: This study aims to analyze the using of prophylactic antibiotic guideline on orthopaedic surgery. Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively using data from medical records on patients who had clean and clean-contaminated orthopedic procedures from 2013 to 2016 in the standard operating room of Dr. Soetomo hospital Surabaya. We analyzed the use of prophylactic antibiotics in terms of antibiotic selection, timing of administration, and the compliance to the prophylactic antibiotic local guidelines on orthopaedic surgery. Results: Overall, patient data from 2013 to 2016 was 5246 patients. The compliance rate of prophylactic antibiotics from 2013 to 2016 was 48.3%. This level of compliance uses a selection of antibiotics, dose of administration, delivery mode, delivery time, and route of administration. Conclusion: The results of this study have shown that the prophylactic antibiotic compliance rate on orthophaedic procedures in Soetomo Hospital from 2013 to 2016 was 48,3%. Antibiotic resistance control program quite effective at increasing compliance with the use of the prophylaxis antibiotics.

Is perioperative antibiotic necessary in straightforward implant placement procedures?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elçin Bedeloğlu ◽  
Mustafa Yalçın ◽  
Cenker Zeki Koyuncuoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Implant Failure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this non-random retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the impact of prophylactic antibiotic on early outcomes including postoperative pain, swelling, bleeding and cyanosis in patients undergoing dental implant placement before prosthetic loading. Seventy-five patients (45 males, 30 females) whose dental implant placement were completed, included to the study. Patients used prophylactic antibiotics were defined as the experimental group and those who did not, were defined as the control group. The experimental group received 2 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 1 h preoperatively and 1 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid twice a day for 5 days postoperatively while the control group had received no prophylactic antibiotic therapy perioperatively. Data on pain, swelling, bleeding, cyanosis, flap dehiscence, suppuration and implant failure were analyzed on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12. No statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups with regard to pain and swelling on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12 ( p &gt;0.05), while the severity of pain and swelling were greater on day 2 compared to day 7 and 14 and week 12 in both groups ( p =0.001 and p &lt;0.05, respectively). Similarly, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to postoperative bleeding and cyanosis. Although flap dehiscence was more severe on day 7 in the experimental group, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to the percentage of flap dehiscence assessed at other time points. Within limitations of the study, it has been demonstrated that antibiotic use has no effect on implant failure rates in dental implant surgery with a limited number of implants. We conclude that perioperative antibiotic use may not be required in straightforward implant placement procedures. Further randomized control clinical studies with higher numbers of patients and implants are needed to substantiate our findings.

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