scholarly journals Cytokines profiles in cervical mucosa in patients with cervical high-risk human papillomavirus infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 719-725
Author(s):  
De-Lai Long ◽  
Hua-Lin Song ◽  
Peng-Peng Qu
Keyword(s):  
Persistent Infection ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Cervical Mucosa ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to detect the expression of local cytokines in cervical mucosa between patients with transient and persistent HR-HPV infection with or without CIN. Methodology: A total of 150 patients who were diagnosed as HR-HPV infection in Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology from January 2016 to December 2016 were included in this study. The expression levels of 9 cytokines in 150 patients with HR-HPV infection, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-12p70, IL-21, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, were simultaneously measured by using a multiplex immunoassay. Moreover, HR-HPV genotype was performed by using pyrosequencing. The association between cytokines and HPV genotype was also investigated. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in IL-1β level between patients with HPV transient infection and HPV persistent infection (p = 0.041). There were statistically significant differences in the levels of IL-1β, IL-10, IL-21 and TNF-α between patients with low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (p = 0.011, p = 0.008, p = 0.046 and p = 0.019, respectively). Conclusions: Pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α, and Th2 type cytokines, IL-10 and IL-21, became stronger in cervical mucosa with the progression of CIN. IL-1β may be advantageous for HR-HPV persistent infection.

scholarly journals Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion or High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion? Concordance Between the Interpretation of Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion and High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion in Papanicolaou Tests: Results From the College of American Pathologists PAP Education Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Crothers ◽  
Mohiedean Ghofrani ◽  
Chengquan Zhao ◽  
Leslie G. Dodd ◽  
Kelly Goodrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Education Program ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Misclassification Rate ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Diagnostic Concordance

Context.— Obtaining diagnostic concordance for squamous intraepithelial lesions in cytology can be challenging. Objective.— To determine diagnostic concordance for biopsy-proven low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) Papanicolaou test slides in the College of American Pathologists PAP Education program. Design.— We analyzed 121 059 responses from 4251 LSIL and HSIL slides for the interval 2004 to 2013 using a nonlinear mixed-model fit for reference diagnosis, preparation type, and participant type. We evaluated interactions between the reference diagnosis and the other 2 factors in addition to a repeated-measures component to adjust for slide-specific performance. Results.— There was a statistically significant difference between misclassification of LSIL (2.4%; 1384 of 57 664) and HSIL (4.4%; 2762 of 63 395). There was no performance difference between pathologists and cytotechnologists for LSIL, but cytotechnologists had a significantly higher HSIL misclassification rate than pathologists (5.5%; 1437 of 27 534 versus 4.0%; 1032 of 25 630; P = .01), and both were more likely to misrepresent HSIL as LSIL (P < .001) than the reverse. ThinPrep LSIL slides were more likely to be misclassified as HSIL (2.4%; 920 of 38 582) than SurePath LSIL slides (1.5%; 198 of 13 196), but conventional slides were the most likely to be misclassified in both categories (4.5%; 266 of 5886 for LSIL, and 6.5%; 573 of 8825 for HSIL). Conclusions.— More participants undercalled HSIL as LSIL (false-negative) than overcalled LSIL as HSIL (false-positive) in the PAP Education program, with conventional slides more likely to be misclassified than ThinPrep or SurePath slides. Pathologists and cytotechnologists classify LSIL equally well, but cytotechnologists are significantly more likely to undercall HSIL as LSIL than are pathologists.

Characteristics of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in women with abnormal cervical cytology: a population-based study in Shanxi Province, China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Song ◽  
Yuanjing Lyu ◽  
Ling Ding ◽  
Xiaoxue Li ◽  
Wen Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Abnormal Cervical Cytology ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion

Abstract Background: High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is widely known as the major cause of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer and it’s characteristics vary greatly in different population. Women with abnormal cervical cytology could increase the risk of cervical cancer, however, HR-HPV infection characteristics in women with abnormal cervical cytology remains unclear. Methods: This study was based on baseline survey of the CIN Cohort established in Shanxi Province, China. A total number of 2300 women with cervical abnormalities were enrolled in this study. All participants gave informed consent and agreed to HPV and thinprepcytologic test (TCT). Each individual completed a questionnaire about characteristics related to HPV infection. Results: The overall prevalence of HR-HPV in 2300 women was 32.0%, and the proportion of single and multiple HR-HPV infections were 70.2% and 29.8% in HR-HPV infection women, respectively. The top five HR-HPV genotypes were ranked as HPV16, HPV58, HPV52, HPV53 and HPV51. The prevalence of HR-HPV in atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and above(HSIL+) were 30.8%, 36.5% and 54.9%, respectively, showing an increasing trend with the severity of cervical cytology ( χ 2 trend =13.952; p <0.001). The women aged 35~45 years, with lower education level, less frequency of bathing, multiple gravidity, multiple parity, history of gynecological diseases and premenopausal women were prone to HR-HPV infection. Conclusions: We defined the characteristics related to HR-HPV infection in abnormal cervical cytology women, and provided an insight for the development and deeply research of HPV vaccine.

The Evaluation of p16ink4a Immunoexpression/Immunostaining and Human Papillomavirus DNA Test in Cervical Liquid-Based Cytological Samples

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nasioutziki ◽  
Angelos Daniilidis ◽  
Kostos Dinas ◽  
Maria Kyrgiou ◽  
George Valasoulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Dna Test ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Hpv Dna Test

Aim:To evaluate the role of p16INK4a immunoexpression and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test for the detection of dyskaryotic cells in high-risk women.Materials and Methods:This work was a retrospective diagnostic study conducted in the University Hospital of Thessaloniki from January to December 2008. The subjects were women with current or previous HPV infection and current or previous cervical intraepithelial lesion (with or without treatment) or clinical warts. All liquid-based cytological samples were tested for P16INKa and HPV DNA test. The accuracy parameters used for the outcome included sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value.Results:A total of 226 women were included; the mean age was 29 years. Expression of p16INK4a was detected in the cytological samples of 13% of the negative cases, 44% of the cases of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, 46% of the cases of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and 78% of the cases of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. A total of 91 women tested positive for high-risk HPV infection, and 54 of those had p16INK4a-positive staining reaction cells. The concordance between the 2 tests, HPV DNA and p16, was 59% regarding infection-positive cases. Diffuse strong parabasal p16INK4a immunostaining (nuclear score >2) was observed in 17 cases of the abnormal cytological findings (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, 2 cases; low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 8 cases; high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 7 cases). Colposcopy-directed biopsies were used as the criterion standard for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in 91 women. The sensitivity of p16INK4a was 95% and the specificity was 92%, whereas the sensitivity of high-risk HPV was 100% and the specificity was 78%. The positive predictive value of p16INK4a was 71%, whereas that of HPV DNA was 44%.Conclusion:The findings suggest that p16INK4a immunostaining can improve the accuracy of cytological examination and HPV DNA test and may be particularly useful in the triage of low-grade lesions.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Utility of HPV16 E6 mRNA or E7 mRNA Quantitative Expression for Cervical Cells of Patients with Dysplasia and Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1401-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Zhe Wu ◽  
Wei-Nan Li ◽  
Na Cha ◽  
Li-Xiang Tian ◽  
YI Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Hpv16 E6 ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion

Current human papillomavirus (HPV)16 DNA testing has high sensitivity but low specificity, while mRNA testing (qualitative) improves the specificity. However, both techniques are not able to discriminate between transient and persistent infections. To overcome the disadvantages, we quantitatively detected E6 and E7 mRNAs by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in cervical brushing cells from 87 HPV16+ and 31 HPV16− patients. Our results showed that the expression levels of E6 mRNA or E7 mRNA were significantly increased in HPV16-positive cases than that in the negative cases. Furthermore, in HPV16+ cases, the expression levels of E6 mRNA were significantly increased in invasive cancer compared with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL; p < 0.01), and HSIL compared with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL; p < 0.01). There were no significant changes between LSIL and benign lesions. The expression levels of E7 mRNA presented no significant difference among the above-mentioned four groups. To test whether qRT-PCR can discriminate between transient and persistent infections, 57 HPV16+ patients were followed up for 1 year, and our results demonstrated that the expression levels of both E6 mRNA and E7 mRNA in the persistent infection group were significantly increased relative to the transient infection group ( p < 0.01 or 0.05). Thus, a quantitative detection of the expression levels of E6 mRNA in cervical brushing cells may not only be used as an ancillary tool to cytological diagnosis of cervical neoplasia, but may also help to determine the severity of the lesions and the triage of transient infection.

scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus Infection of the Skin

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
pp. 700-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Bacaj ◽  
David Burch
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Papillomavirus Infections ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion

Context.— Human papillomavirus is implicated in the pathogenesis of benign and malignant neoplasms of the skin. Objective.— To review the role of human papillomavirus in the development of malignancies and their precursor lesions in skin. Data Sources.— The study comprised a review of the literature. Conclusions.— The use of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion terminology brings order and simplicity to these lesions, correlates with the current understanding of the biology of human papillomavirus infections, and helps to promote accurate diagnosis of and appropriate treatment for these lesions.

Impact of Digital Image Manipulation in Cytology

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffery Pinco ◽  
Robert A. Goulart ◽  
Christopher N. Otis ◽  
Jane Garb ◽  
Liron Pantanowitz
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Image Manipulation ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Papanicolaou Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Abstract Context.—Digital images have become an important component of cytology practice. They are used in telecytology, automated screening, educational material, and Web sites and have potential for use in proficiency testing. However, there has been no formal evaluation to date to determine if digital image manipulation (intentional or unintentional) can affect their interpretation. Objective.—To investigate whether alteration of digital cytology images affects diagnosis. Design.—Acquired digital images of ThinPrep Papanicolaou test slides were manipulated (rotated 90;dg and brightness, contrast, red-green-blue color, and luminosity adjusted) using Photoshop. A test composed of these altered images, along with their original (unaltered) image and exact duplicates was given to 22 cytologists (13 cytotechnologists, 8 cytopathologists, and 1 fellow). All images were rated as negative, atypical (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, or positive for cancer. Weighted κ and heterogeneity χ2 statistics were used to measure levels of agreement and assess concordance between groups. Results.—The level of agreement for identical duplicate images was excellent (κ = 0.81), compared with the poor agreement for manipulated image pairs (κ = 0.21), a statistically significant difference (P &lt; .001). For all altered image types agreement was poor. There was no significant difference between cytotechnologists and cytopathologists in level of agreement (P = .56). Conclusions.—Manipulation of a Papanicolaou test digital image, irrespective of the specific category of cytologic material photographed, significantly affects its interpretation by both cytotechnologists and cytopathologists. This suggests that care needs to be taken when digital cytology images are used, to specifically ensure that their alteration does not affect diagnosis.

scholarly journals Value of Nucleolar Organizer Regions count in cervical pathology

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Shiva Raj KC ◽  
OP Talwar
Keyword(s):  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Background: ‘AgNOR’ represents Nucleolar Organiser Regions stained with silver which are related to cell proliferation rate and tumor malignant potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of AgNOR in differentiating benign and precancerous lesions from cancerous lesions in both cervical smears and histology. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted at Manipal Teaching Hospital, from July 2005 to June 2007. Women of suspected cervical pathology and who underwent pap smears test followed by subsequent biopsy were included. There were 53 cases were included out of which 11 cases were of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and 12 cases of low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and 10 cases each of carcinoma, chronic cervicitis with and without squamous metaplasia. Results: In Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion meanAgNOR dots was < (2.9 in pap smears and 1.9 in histology) in high grade lesion (3.45 in pap smears and 3.00 in histology). In carcinoma meanAgNOR dots was 5.18 and 4.05 in pap smears and histology respectively. Subjective AgNOR Pattern Assessment in pap smears and in histology was increasing with significant difference from intraepithelial lesions to carcinoma. Conclusion: In cervical pathology, the number and shape of AgNOR dots change from benign to precancerous to malignant tumors. Similarly, AgNOR Pattern Assessment is useful in differentiating benign to intraepithelial lesions to carcinoma cases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v2i3.6017 JPN 2012; 2(3): 180-185

scholarly journals Evaluation of cervical smears at King Hussein Medical Centre, Jordan, over three and a half years

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 676-679
Author(s):  
S. R. Malkawi ◽  
R. M. Abu Hazeem ◽  
B. M. Hajjat ◽  
F. K. Hajjiri
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Flora ◽  
Medical Centre ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
Cervical Smears ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Abnormal Vaginal Flora

Cervical smears taken from women referred for a check-up or with vaginal itching/discharge over a period of 3.5 years were reviewed at the King Hussein Medical Centre, Jordan. All smears were fixed with 96% alcohol, stained with Papanicolaou stain and screened microscopically. Of the smears from 1176 women aged 18-70 years, 4.5% were classified as inadequate, 7.7% were normal and 79.9% showed non-specific inflammation. Abnormal vaginal flora was found in 4.8% of cases, C and ida albicans in 1.2%, Trichomonas vaginalis in 0.9% and actinomycosis in 1 case. Dysphasic changes were rare:9 cases [0.8%] were classified as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance [ASCUS] and 2 cases [0.2%] were low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [LSIL]. No cases of human papillomavirus infection [HPV] or cervical carcinoma were found

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS GENOTYPES IN LOW AND HIGH GRADE SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS AT CERVICAL TISSUE

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Rizki Eko Prasetyo ◽  
Gondo Mastutik ◽  
Sjahjenny Mustokoweni
Keyword(s):  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Cervical Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

HPV infection is known to cause cervical cancer. This study aimed to identify the variant of HPV genotypes of cervical precancerous lesions from low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion  (LSIL) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). This was an explorative study using formalin fix paraffin embedded (FFPE) from cervical precancerous lesions at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. DNA was extracted from FFPE and hybridized for HPV genotyping using Ampliquality HPV Type Express kit (AB ANALITICA) by reverse line blot techniques. The results showed that there were variants of HPV genotype in LSIL. The variants were HPV16 (8/15), HPV18 (3/15), HPV52 (1/15), HPV6+31 (1/15), HPV6+18 (1/15), and HPV72+68 (1/15), and in HSIL which were HPV16 (4/10), HPV18 (2/10), HPV59 (1/10), HPV6+45 (1/10), HPV61+26 (1/10), and HPV16+31 (1/10). The characteristics of infection in LSIL were single infection of high-risk (hr) HPV and multiple infection of  low-risk (lr)+hr HPV, and in HSIL were single infection of HPVhr, multiple infection of HPVhr+hr and HPVlr+hr. In conclusion, HPV prevalence in cervical precancerous lesions is single infection by HPV16 (48%), HPV18 (20%), HPV52 (4%), HPV59 (4%), and multiple infection by HPV6+31, HPV6+18, HPV6+45, HPV16+31, HPV61+26, HPV72+68 is 4%.

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