scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of real life data of HCV from Turkey south region

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 380-386
Author(s):  
Bedia Mutay Suntur ◽  
Hava Kaya ◽  
Halime Betül Şahin Eker ◽  
Banu Kara ◽  
Taylan Bozok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Hcv Transmission ◽  
History Of

Introduction: This study investigated demographic characteristics and the prevalence of viremia among anti-HCV-positive patients. Methodology: Hospital records of adult patients with anti-HCV positivity between June 2016 and October 2018 were screened retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, genotype distribution, history of injection drug use (IDU), treatment data of HCV RNA-positive patients were investigated. Results: The rate of anti-HCV seropositivity was 1.7% and 54.5% of these were viremic. 69.5% of the 869 viremic patients were male. The mean age was 62 ± 15 (18–95) years for women and 42 ± 19 (18-90) years for men (p < 0.0001). 42.7% of these patients had IDU history. Regarding age, patients with IDU history accounted for 95% of the 18–29 age group. The most common genotype in patients younger than 40 was genotype 3, and genotype 1b in those older than 40. Only 52% of viremic patients had received DAA therapy. Also, 62.2% of patients aged < 40 and 36% of patients > 40 did not receive treatment (p < 0.0001). The SVR12 rate in patients receiving DAA treatment and follow-up was 100%; SVR24 was 99.5%. Conclusions: A shift in the demographic structure of HCV-infected patients due to the changing trends of the HCV transmission mode was observed in this study. On the other hand, the proportion of patients who received DAA therapy was low. A substantial proportion of untreated patients were young with a history of IDU. This indicates that without strategies targeting the patients, the patient load due to HCV-related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma may persist in the future.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C in prisoners and non-prisoners in Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Cristina Falquetto ◽  
Denise Coutinho Endringer ◽  
Tadeu Uggere de Andrade ◽  
Dominik Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
The City

The aim of the present work was to compare hepatitis C prevalence, genotypes, and risk factors between prisoners and non-prisoners in the city of Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil. This cross-sectional study involved approximately 1,600 residents and 730 prisoners, all of whom were living in Colatina. The percentage of individuals who tested positive for anti-HCV was 0.1% (2/1,600) in the non-prisoner group and 1.0% (7/730) in the prisoner group, confirming a higher risk of hepatitis C in the latter group. The percentage of subjects who progressed to HCV-RNA negative was 11.1% (1/9), confirming the high probability of evolution to chronicity. Genotype 1 was the most predominant genotype found. Factors associated with increased risk of hepatitis C were being male, being institutionalized, having an income of less than three minimum wages, having low educational attainment, and using injected drugs. Alcohol use, pain in the liver, migraine, and reported history of hepatitis were markedly associated with hepatitis C. The prison population tested positive for anti-HCV at a higher rate than the non-prison population.

scholarly journals Physical abuse during pregnancy : an experience of 139 cases

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-315
Author(s):  
Nishat Farhana Khan ◽  
Nazrul Islam ◽  
Farhana Masum Chowdhury ◽  
Ishtiaq Asadullah
Keyword(s):  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Middle Class ◽  
History Of ◽  
Abuse During Pregnancy

Objective : To assess pattern and proportion of physical abuse during pregnancy in relation to socio demographic characteristics of abused women.Material & Methods : A descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in RADDA-MCH-FP Center, Mirpur-10, Dhaka during January to July 2011. A total of 139 pregnant women of reproductive age group (15-45) year’s who visited for antenatal check up were selected purposely. Data were collected through face to face interview using pretested structured questionnaire.Results : Socio demographic characteristics of respondents revealed that mean age 22.20 ± 39 years and husbands mean age 28.57 ± 5.39 years. Highest number of respondents education upto SSC level (49.6%). 74.8% were housewife; socio economic status was lower middle class, 18.7% had history of dowry. The proportion of physical abuse during pregnancy was 31.6%. Among them 15.83% had mixed type of abuse. Highly significant association was found with dowry (p 0.00) and planed pregnancy (p 0.006). A statistically significant association was found between respondent’s education level and physical abused (p<0.05) indicating respondents had low level of education increase physical abuse. A statistically significant association also found with residence (urban/slum) (p<0.05) and who had history of dowry (p<0.05).Conclusion : Physical abuse during pregnancy was mostly seen in the respondent who belongs to slum area and had low educational level. Therefore necessary step should be taken by health system as well as government to prevent physical abuse during pregnancy.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.5(1) 2013: 313-315

scholarly journals Use of potentially driver-impairing drugs among older drivers

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Zitoun ◽  
Edouard Baudouin ◽  
Emmanuelle Corruble ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Vidal ◽  
Laurent Becquemont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Car Accident

Abstract Background Road safety is a major issue among seniors. Potentially Driver-Impairing (PDI) drugs are known to increase the risk of car accident. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe PDI-drug consumption among older drivers and determine associated factors. Methods The S.AGES cohort is a French non-interventional real-life prospective study of 3700 community-dwelling participants aged ≥65 years old, suffering from type 2 diabetes (T2DM), chronic pain or atrial fibrillation (AF). Baseline data of drivers with known treatment (n = 1783) were used for the analyses. PDI drugs were defined according to the French classification. Results One thousand seven hundred eighty-three drivers were included (66% males; mean age 76 (Standard deviation = 5.78) years old). 21% (n = 373) took PDI drugs, 64% of which took only one (n = 239). The most frequent PDI drugs were: Zolpidem (11%; n = 60); Zopiclone (8%; n = 45); Bromazepam (8%; n = 44); Tramadol (7%; n = 39); Pregabalin (6%; n = 31). Drivers taking PDI drugs had more often chronic pain (OR [95% CI] = 2.30 [1.54–3.46]), history of depressive disorder (4.28 [3.00–6.14]) and polypharmacy (taking at least 5 different medications; 4.32 [2.97–6.41]), and less often T2DM (0.54 [0.37–0.79]), and AF (0.48 [0.32–0.71]). Conversely, they had a lower Activities of Daily Living score (0.34 [0.17–0.68]). Conclusions The rate of aged drivers in the S.AGES cohort taking PDI drugs is concerning and highlights the need to carefully assess and reassess PDI-drug prescriptions in this population, particularly hypnotics, anxiolytics and opioids. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01065909 (First posted: February 9th, 2010).

scholarly journals HIV AND HCV COINFECTION: PREVALENCE, ASSOCIATED FACTORS AND GENOTYPE CHARACTERIZATION IN THE MIDWEST REGION OF BRAZIL

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solange Zacalusni Freitas ◽  
Sheila Araújo Teles ◽  
Paulo Cesar Lorenzo ◽  
Marco Antonio Moreira Puga ◽  
Tayana Serpa Ortiz Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Midwest Region ◽  
Hcv Coinfection

A cross-sectional study on prevalence, associated factors and genotype distribution of HCV infection was conducted among 848 HIV-infected patients recruited at reference centers in the Midwest Region of Brazil. The prevalence rate of HIV-HCV coinfection was 6.9% (95% CI: 5.2 to 8.6). In multivariable analysis, increasing age, use of illicit drugs (injection and non-injection), a history of blood transfusion before 1994, and the absence of a steady partnership were significant independent associated factors for HIV-HCV coinfection. The phylogenetic analysis based on the NS5B region revealed the presence of two major circulating genotypes of HCV: genotypes 1 (58.3%) and 3 (41.7%). The prevalence of HIV-HCV coinfection was lower than those reported in studies conducted with HIV-infected patients in different regions of Brazil, due to the fact that illicit drug use is not a frequent mode of HIV transmission in this region of Brazil. Serologic screening of HIV-patients for HCV before initiating antiretroviral treatment, a comprehensive identification of associated factors, and the implementation of effective harm reduction programs are highly recommended to provide useful information for treatment and to prevent HCV coinfection in these patients.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on socio-demographic profile and associated risk factors of chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital of Andhra Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4512
Author(s):  
S. Suneeti Kanyari ◽  
Sangram Panda ◽  
Peethala Shruthi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global problem, and its prevalence is increasing dramatically. In chronic kidney disease (CKD) there is progressive loss in kidney function over a period of time. The objectives of this study were to study the socio-demographic characteristics and associated risk factors in CKD patients so as to suggest preventive measures for CKD and its long term health consequences.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at MIMS Medical College, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh among 194 confirmed CKD patients. A pre-tested, pre-designed questionnaire was used for collecting data on socio-demographic characteristics like age, education, occupation, residence, income etc. After completion of the questionnaire, the patients were subjected to anthropometric measurements, abdominal ultrasonography and their laboratory reports were assessed.Results: Out of 194 CKD patients, 148 were males and 46 were females. Hypertension and diabetes were present in 74.2% and 41.2% cases respectively and both of these risk factors were found to be significantly associated with CKD. Family history of diabetes/hypertension/CKD were present in 40.2% of cases and the association was found to be significant.Conclusions: Early screening and intervention is necessary for prevention of risk factors of CKD. All patients with hypertension, diabetes, family history of CKD/hypertension/diabetes, history of chronic NSAID use should be periodically screened for CKD for its early detection and effective management. 

Pattern of menarche age (normal, early and late) and its relationship with some demographic characteristics in girls and their parents

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naeimeh Tayebi ◽  
Zahra Yazdznpanahi ◽  
Shahrzad Yektatalab ◽  
Marzieh Akbarzadeh ◽  
Najaf Zare
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Menarche Age

Abstract Background: Menarche age is an indicator of a girl’s puberty besides the clinical assessment of detecting deviations. This study aimed to search the pattern of menarche age (normal, early and late) and its relationship with some demographic characteristics in girls and their parents. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on girls aged between 9 and 18 years old in Shiraz city. About 2000 students were selected through cluster sampling. Data collection was done by applying a demographic information form. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: About 1386 students (69.3%) had the history of menarche (at least once). The mean age of menarche was 12.26±1.11 years in Shiraz. The menarche age of the girls ranged from 9 years (as the least) to 15 (as the maximum). The prevalence of late menarche was 1.1%. In addition, no early menarche was reported. There was no relationship between menarche age and economic status, birth order and number of children, but a significant relationship was found between the parents’ education, house status, and the lifestyle of parents. Conclusion: The mean menarche age has been decreasing in cities. Therefore, it seems necessary for the families to be aware about the influence of time, trend and affecting factors on menarche; this helps them to make good decisions when educating their teenagers.

scholarly journals Urinary incontinence in climacteric afrodescendant women from the Colombian Caribbean

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3817
Author(s):  
Alvaro Monterrosa-Castro ◽  
Katheryn Portela-Buelvas ◽  
Camil Castelo-Branco
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
International Consultation ◽  
History Of

Background: To assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and to identify related factors in Afro-descendant Colombian women.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 40-59 year old women from the Colombian Caribbean. Socio-demographic characteristics were recorded and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form (ICIQ-SF) and the 10-item cervantes scale were applied to identify UI and genitourinary symptoms, respectively.Results: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 40-59-year-old women from the Colombian Caribbean. Socio-demographic characteristics were recorded and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form (ICIQ-SF) and the 10-item cervantes scale were applied to identify UI and genitourinary symptoms, respectively.Conclusions: The prevalence of UI among climacteric afro-descendant women was close to 4%. A history of PIH and PD consumption were related factors.

Risk factors for odontoclastic resorptive lesions in cats

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Scarlett ◽  
J Saidla ◽  
J Hess
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Unconditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of

A cross-sectional study evaluating potential risk factors for odontoclastic resorptive lesions (ORL) in feline teeth was conducted. Owners of 32 cats with ORL and 27 cats without ORL were interviewed regarding their respective cat's demographic characteristics, diet, and medical and dental histories. Four factors were identified as significantly associated with ORL using unconditional logistic regression. A history of dental disease (gingivitis, calculus, or periodontal disease; odds ratio [OR], 4.5); city residence (OR, 4.4); and being an exclusively indoor cat (OR, 4.5) were associated with an increased risk for ORL. Consumption of commercial treats (OR, 0.3) appeared protective for ORL.

Suicidal Ideation Among Medical Students in Dammam, Saudi Arabia

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohammed Madadin ◽  
Ritesh G. Menezes ◽  
Maha A. Alassaf ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Almulhim ◽  
Mahdi S. Abumadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depression Subscale ◽  
History Of

Abstract. Background: Medical students are at high risk of suicidal ideation. Aim: We aimed to obtain information on suicidal ideation among medical students in Dammam located in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine affiliated with Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Suicidal ideation in the past 12 months was assessed based on responses to four questions in the depression subscale of the General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28). In addition, data were collected to examine the association of suicidal ideation with various factors. Results: We found that 1 in 3 medical students in the study had suicidal ideation in the past 12 months, while around 40% had lifetime suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was associated with feelings of parental neglect, history of physical abuse, and dissatisfaction with academic performance. Limitations: The cross-sectional nature of this study limits its ability to determine causality regarding suicidal ideation. Conclusion: These rates are considerably high when compared with rates from studies in other countries around the world. This study provides a reference in the field of suicidology for this region of Saudi Arabia.

DYSLIPIDEMIA IN THYROID DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashish Narula ◽  
Narendra Kumar Dara ◽  
Shyam Lal Meena
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Basal Energy Expenditure

Background: Thyroid hormones influence nearly all major metabolic pathways. Their most obvious and well-known action is the increase in basal energy expenditure obtained by acting on protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The lipid metabolism is more influenced by the thyroid hormone. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with suspicion of thyroid disorders were taken as cases. One hundred patients with normal thyroid profile and no history of other chronic diseases were taken as control group. Results: The serum TC, TG and LDL levels in hypothyroid individuals (both overt and subclinical) were significantly higher than euthyroid subjects but the levels were comparable between hyperthyroid and euthyroid group. Conclusion: Dyslipidemias are associated with thyroid disorders, so biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction in all dyslipidemic patients. Therefore, patients presenting with dyslipidemia are recommended for investigation to explore thyroid dysfunction. Keywords: Thyroid profile, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL

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