scholarly journals Antibacterial effect of acrylic bone cements loaded with drugs of different action’s mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (06) ◽  
pp. 487-495
Author(s):  
Lizette Morejón Alonso ◽  
Iran Fernández Torres ◽  
Ángela M Zayas Tamayo ◽  
Oscar Ernesto Ledea Lozano ◽  
Ivette Durán Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
Trial Period ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Introduction: Antibiotic-loaded bone cements of poly(methyl methacrylate) are considered as very useful biomaterials for the management of corporal deep osseous infections. However, the high prevalence of resistant germs and polymicrobial infections makes it necessary to search for new formulations of bone cements containing antibiotics for local antibacterial therapy. In this work, bone cements loaded with drugs with different mechanism of action were evaluated to determine its antibacterial effectiveness on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methodology: Poly(methyl methacrylate) cements loaded with 10 wt.% of Oleozon®, mixtures of Ciprofloxacin/Meropenem and Ciprofloxacin/Meropenem/Oleozon® were prepared. The in vitro drugs release in water was followed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, and their antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated for 11 days using the microdilution method. Results: All the extracts demonstrated an inhibitory effect on the growth of the strain during the whole trial period. Extracts from cement with Oleozon® only presented a total antibacterial inhibitory effect during 20 hours for the extracts taken at day 1 while the extracts from the cements loaded with mixtures of Ciprofloxacin/Meropenem and Ciprofloxacin/Meropenem/Oleozon® showed complete inhibition of the growth of the microorganism, even at 11 days. At the end of the trial period, some of the drugs remained inside the matrices, indicating that they can be released for a longer time in treatments. Conclusions: The results indicated a positive antibacterial effect by the combined used of the two or the three drugs tested against the Gram-negative bacilli Pseudomonas aeruginosa, so these proposal may be a valid alternative to be considered by surgeons.

scholarly journals Graphene-Doped Poly (Methyl-Methacrylate) (Pmma) Implants: A Micro-CT and Histomorphometrical Study in Rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Antonio Scarano ◽  
Tiziana Orsini ◽  
Fabio Di Carlo ◽  
Luca Valbonetti ◽  
Felice Lorusso
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
White Male ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Medullary Canal ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
Dental Applications

Background—the graphene-doping procedure represents a useful procedure to improve the mechanical, physical and biological response of several Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-derived polymers and biomaterials for dental applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate osseointegration of Graphene doped Poly(methyl methacrylate) (GD-PMMA) compared with PMMA as potential materials for dental implant devices. Methods—eighteen adult New Zealand white male rabbits with a mean weight of approx. 3000 g were used in this research. A total of eighteen implants of 3.5 mm diameter and 11 mm length in GD-PMMA and eighteen implants in PMMA were used. The implants were placed into the articular femoral knee joint. The animals were sacrificed after 15, 30 and 60 days and the specimens were evaluated by µCT and histomorphometry. Results—microscopically, all 36 implants, 18 in PMMA and 18 in DG-PMMA were well-integrated into the bone. The implants were in contact with cortical bone along the upper threads, while the lower threads were in contact with either newly formed bone or with marrow spaces. The histomorphometry and µCT evaluation showed that the GP-PMMA and PMMA implants were well osseointegrated and the bone was in direct contact with large portions of the implant surfaces, including the space in the medullary canal. Conclusions—in conclusion, the results suggest that GD-PMMA titanium surfaces enhance osseointegration in rabbit femurs. This encourages further research to obtain GD-PMMA with a greater radiopacity. Also, further in vitro and vivo animal studies are necessary to evaluate a potential clinical usage for dental implant applications.

scholarly journals Activity of Ceftazidime-Avibactam against Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 3059-3065 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pitart ◽  
F. Marco ◽  
T. A. Keating ◽  
W. W. Nichols ◽  
J. Vila
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Resistant Mutant ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTCeftazidime-avibactam and comparator antibiotics were tested by the broth microdilution method against 200Enterobacteriaceaeand 25Pseudomonas aeruginosastrains resistant to fluoroquinolones (including strains with the extended-spectrum β-lactamase [ESBL] phenotype and ceftazidime-resistant strains) collected from our institution. The MICs and mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolone were also studied. Ninety-nine percent of fluoroquinolone-resistantEnterobacteriaceaestrains were inhibited at a ceftazidime-avibactam MIC of ≤4 mg/liter (using the susceptible CLSI breakpoint for ceftazidime alone as a reference). Ceftazidime-avibactam was very active against ESBLEscherichia coli(MIC90of 0.25 mg/liter), ESBLKlebsiella pneumoniae(MIC90of 0.5 mg/liter), ceftazidime-resistant AmpC-producing species (MIC90of 1 mg/liter), non-ESBLE. coli(MIC90of ≤0.125 mg/liter), non-ESBLK. pneumoniae(MIC90of 0.25 mg/liter), and ceftazidime-nonresistant AmpC-producing species (MIC90of ≤0.5 mg/liter). Ninety-six percent of fluoroquinolone-resistantP. aeruginosastrains were inhibited at a ceftazidime-avibactam MIC of ≤8 mg/liter (using the susceptible CLSI breakpoint for ceftazidime alone as a reference), with a MIC90of 8 mg/liter. Additionally, fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants from each species tested were obtainedin vitrofrom two strains, one susceptible to ceftazidime and the other a β-lactamase producer with a high MIC against ceftazidime but susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam. Thereby, the impact of fluoroquinolone resistance on the activity of ceftazidime-avibactam could be assessed. The MIC90values of ceftazidime-avibactam for the fluoroquinolone-resistant mutant strains ofEnterobacteriaceaeandP. aeruginosawere ≤4 mg/liter and ≤8 mg/liter, respectively. We conclude that the presence of fluoroquinolone resistance does not affectEnterobacteriaceaeandP. aeruginosasusceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam; that is, there is no cross-resistance.

PHYTO-MEDIATED SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF „BUGLOSSOIDES PURPUROCAERULEA“ (BORAGINACEAE) AND THEIR BIOACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena S. Katanić Stanković ◽  
◽  
Nikola Srećković ◽  
Vladimir Mihailović
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been synthesized using the aqueous extract of the aerial parts of B. purpurocaerulea, collected in Serbia. B. purpurocaerulea silver nanoparticles (Bp– AgNPs) synthesis was confirmed using UV-Vis spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The biological potential of synthesized Bp-AgNPs was evaluated in vitro using ABTS assay for determining free radical scavenging potential and microdilution method for analysis of antimicrobial properties. Bp-AgNPs showed high antioxidant activity similar to Bp-extract, comparable to BHT. The synthesized nanoparticles exerted remarkable antibacterial effects, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values below 20 µg/mL. In the case of some bacterial strains, the results of Bp– AgNPs were comparable or similar to standard antibiotic erythromycin. The antifungal activity of Bp– AgNPs was moderate for most of the used strains. Nevertheless, several fungi were resistant to the NPs action, while two tested Penicillium species were extremely sensitive on Bp-AgNPs with MIC lower than 40 µg/mL. The antimicrobial properties of Bp-AgNPs can be useful for the development of new NPs-containing products.

scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of propafenone derivatives on pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm and pyocyanin production

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 196-202
Author(s):  
Snjezana Petrovic ◽  
Jasmina Basic ◽  
Zoran Mandinic ◽  
Dragana Bozic ◽  
Marina Milenkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Clinical Strains ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Pyocyanin Production

Introduction/Objective. Biofilm and pyocyanin production are essential components of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence and antibiotic resistance. Our objective was to examine inhibitory effect of synthetized propafenone derivatives 3-(2-Fluorophenyl)- 1-(2- (2-hydroxy-3-propylamino-propoxy)-phenyl)-propan-1-one hydrochloride (5OF) and3-(2- Trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-1-(2-(2-hydroxy-3-propylamino-propoxy)-phenyl)-propan-1-one hydrochloride (5CF3) on biofilm and pyocyanin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains. Methods. Effects were tested on nine clinical isolates and one control laboratory strain of P. aeruginosa. In vitro analysis of biofilm growing was performed by incubating bacteria (0.5 McFarland) with 5OF and 5CF3 (500?31.2 ?g/ml) and measuring optical density (OD) at 570 nm. Bacteria in medium without compounds were positive control. Blank medium (an uninoculated medium without test compounds) was used as negative control. Pyocyanin production was estimated by OD at 520 nm, after bacteria incubated with 5CF3 and 5OF (250 and 500 ?g/ml), treated with chloroform, and chloroform layer mixed with HCl. Results. A total of 500 ?g/ml of 5OF and 5CF3 completely inhibited biofilm formation in 10/10 and 4/10 strains, respectively. A total of 250 ?g/ml of 5OF and 5CF3 strongly inhibited biofilm formation in 7/10 strains, while inhibition with 125 ?g/ml of 5OF and 5CF3 was moderate. Lower concentrations had almost no effect on biofilm production. Pyocyanin production was reduced to less than 40% of the control value in 6/9, and less than 50% of the control in 7/9 strains with 500 ?g/ml of 5OF and 5CF3, respectively. At 250 ?g/ml 5OF and 5CF3, most strains had pyocyanin production above 50% of the control value. Conclusion. Synthetized propafenone derivatives, 5OF and 5CF3, inhibited biofilms and pyocyanin production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical strains. Presented results suggest that propafenone derivatives are potential lead-compounds for synthesis of novel antipseudomonal drugs.

scholarly journals Preparation and in vitro characterization of valsartan-loaded ethyl cellulose and poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (72) ◽  
pp. 43915-43926
Author(s):  
Eszter Hajba-Horváth ◽  
Emese Biró ◽  
Mirella Mirankó ◽  
Andrea Fodor-Kardos ◽  
László Trif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Ethyl Cellulose ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
In Vitro Characterization ◽  
Spray Dried

Valsartan-loaded ethyl cellulose and poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles were prepared and nano spray-dried. The active agent was structurally changed in the nanoparticles, which could be advantageous in the intestinal absorption.

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