Compatibility betweenClonostachysisolates with a view to mixed inocula for biocontrol

Mycologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 1204-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Martijn ten Hoopen ◽  
André George ◽  
Adolfo Martinez ◽  
Tim Stirrup ◽  
Julie Flood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Inocula

scholarly journals Influence of Non-Saccharomyces Strains on Chemical Characteristics and Sensory Quality of Fruit Spirit

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1336
Author(s):  
Fatjona Fejzullahu ◽  
Zsuzsanna Kiss ◽  
Gabriella Kun-Farkas ◽  
Szilárd Kun
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Sugar Consumption ◽  
Mixed Culture Fermentation ◽  
Organic Acid Production ◽  
Mixed Inocula ◽  
Sensorial Attributes ◽  
Saccharomyces Yeasts

The use of non-Saccharomyces yeasts for alcoholic beverage improvement and diversification has gained considerable attention in recent years. The effect of pure and mixed inocula (of Torulaspora delbrueckii, Lachancea thermotolerans, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on apple mash fermentation has been determined for the production of Hungarian fruit spirit (Pálinka), with a special emphasis on the chemical, volatile, and sensory attributes. The enological parameters were followed during the fermentation process. Sugar consumption and organic acid production were determined by HPLC, whereas the aromatic profile of the distillates was characterized by GC-FID. According to the results, single and mixed cultures showed similar characteristics during mash fermentation. The identified volatile compounds included aldehydes, esters, and higher alcohols. Mixed culture fermentation trials revealed a significantly higher concentration of volatile compounds and better sensorial attributes compared to those exhibited by the pure culture of S. cerevisiae.

Influence of Fe(II) addition on heavy metal bioleaching from sewage sludge with mixed inocula

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Panyue Zhang ◽  
Guangming Zhang ◽  
Guangming Zeng ◽  
Enzhu Hu ◽  
Sai Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Mixed Inocula

scholarly journals Control of Fire Blight by Pseudomonas fluorescens A506 and Pantoea vagans C9-1 Applied as Single Strains and Mixed Inocula

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. 1330-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. O. Stockwell ◽  
K. B. Johnson ◽  
D. Sugar ◽  
J. E. Loper
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Mixed Inocula ◽  
Pantoea Vagans

The biological control agents Pseudomonas fluorescens A506 and Pantoea vagans C9-1 were evaluated individually and in combination for the suppression of fire blight of pear or apple in 10 field trials inoculated with the pathogen Erwinia amylovora. The formulation of pathogen inoculum applied to blossoms influenced establishment of the pathogen and the efficacy of biological control. Pantoea vagans C9-1 suppressed fire blight in all five trials in which the pathogen was applied as lyophilized cells but in none of the trials in which the pathogen was applied as freshly harvested cells. In contrast, Pseudomonas fluorescens A506 reduced disease significantly in only one trial. A mixture of the two strains also suppressed fire blight, but the magnitude of disease suppression over all field trials (averaging 32%) was less than that attained by C9-1 alone (42%). The two biological control agents did not antagonize one another on blossom surfaces, and application of the mixture of A506 and C9-1 to blossoms resulted in a greater proportion of flowers having detectable populations of at least one bacterial antagonist than the application of individual strains. Therefore, the mixture of A506 and C9-1 provided less disease control than expected based upon the epiphytic population sizes of the antagonists on blossom surfaces. We speculate that the biocontrol mixture was less effective than anticipated due to incompatibility between the mechanisms by which A506 and C9-1 suppress disease.

The spectrum of Escherichia coli – Bacteroides fragilis pathogenic synergy in an intraabdominal infection model

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. D. Rotstein ◽  
J. Kao
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacteroides Fragilis ◽  
Fibrin Clot ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Abscess Formation ◽  
Intraabdominal Infection ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mixed Inocula ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Pathogenic synergy between Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis was investigated in an intraabdominal infection model. Defined inocula of E. coli and B. fragilis, alone or in combination, were enmeshed within a fibrin clot and surgically implanted into the peritoneal cavity of rats. A spectrum of bacterial synergy ranging from synergistic abscess formation to synergistic lethality was demonstrated using this model. The type of synergy exhibited was dependent upon the initial E. coli inoculum. When combined with B. fragilis, high inocula of E. coli (> 108 cfu/clot) produced synergistic lethality while low inocula (2 × 102 to 2 × 107 cfu/clot) resulted in synergistic abscess formation. With respect to abscess formation, there was reciprocal synergy between E. coli and B. fragilis. Abscesses resulting from mixed inocula were larger and had significantly higher numbers of E. coli and B. fragilis than abscesses initiated by monomicrobial inocula. These studies define a clinically relevant model of bacterial interactions in the setting of intraabdominal infection and suggest that conclusions drawn from experimental models of bacterial synergy should consider the type of model examined, the strains of bacteria studied, and the number of bacteria inoculated.

scholarly journals Effect of Single and Combined Inoculations of Potato Plants with Four Fusarium Species on Wilt Severity, Plant Growth, and Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-137
Author(s):  
Boutheina Mejdoud-Trabelsi ◽  
Hayfa Jabnoun-Khiareddine ◽  
Rania A. B. Abdallah ◽  
Nawaim Ammar ◽  
Mejda Daami-Remadi
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Leaf Yellowing ◽  
Mixed Inocula ◽  
Cultivar Responses ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Potato Growth

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Fusarium wilt is an increasingly serious disease in many potato-growing regions worldwide and notably in Tunisia. Fusarium sambucinum, F. oxysporum, F. solani, and F. graminearum are the main causal agents with F. oxysporum being the most aggressive on plants. Co-infection with this Fusarium species complex is frequently observed. Cultivar responses to different pathogen mixtures can give additional information on the relative aggressiveness of the different complexes. This study may lead to a better understanding of how interactions between the four Fusarium species may affect disease incidence and severity. Interactions between these Fusarium species was evaluated using single and combined inoculations (15 different Fusraium inocula) onto potato the two cultivars Spunta and Oceania. The tested inocula were evaluated for their effects on leaf yellowing and necrosis, vascular discoloration severity, potato growth and production. Necrosis severity noted 75 days post-planting induced by three different inocula C2-1 (F. sambucinum + F. solani), C2-2 (F. solani + F. oxysporum), and C3-3 (F. sambuinum+F. oxysporum +F. graminearum) were found to be the highly aggressive inoculation treatments. Overall, all mixed inocula including F. sambucinum showed increased aggressiveness levels. The two cultivars exhibited differential response to the different tested Fusarium mixtures and behaved in the majority as sensitive to moderately sensitive to C1-1, C1- 4, C2-1, C2-2, C2-3, C2-4, C2-5, C2-6, C3-1, C3-3, C3-4 and C4 treatments. This study clearly demonstrated that Fusarium wilt of potato is expected to be more severe when more than one Fusarium species is present. The relative predominance of F. sambucinum may reflect its competitive potential in mixture and its significant involvement in potato Fusarium wilt severity.

scholarly journals Mit Tropfenmikrofluidik zu Hochgeschwindigkeits-Biotechnologie

BIOspektrum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-262
Author(s):  
Bianka Kästner ◽  
Sundar Hengoju ◽  
Carl-Magnus Svensson ◽  
Marc Thilo Figge ◽  
Miriam A. Rosenbaum
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Metabolic Diversity ◽  
Mixed Inocula ◽  
Parallel Cultivation ◽  
High Throughput Manner ◽  
Screening Approaches

AbstractIn recent years, microfluidic technologies were introduced for massively parallel cultivation and screening approaches. Individual cells can easily be singularized, compartmentalized, and cultivated from mixed inocula using droplet microfluidics. The generation of millions of droplets in a high-throughput manner enables studying diverse samples and combining the evaluation of genetic and phenotypic variants. It is a powerful tool to explore and exploit natural metabolic diversity.

Investigations into the role of specific micro-organisms in the aerobic deterioration of maize silage

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Woolford ◽  
Ann C. Wilkie
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Γ Radiation ◽  
Deterioration Process ◽  
Mixed Inocula ◽  
Lower Magnitude ◽  
Micro Organisms

SummaryTwo experiments were undertaken with maize silage, which had been sterilized by subjecting it to a 6 Mrad dose of γ radiation, inoculated with micro-organisms implicated in the aerobic deterioration of silage and subsequently exposed to air. The inocula employed comprised mixed strains of yeasts, bacilli and lactic acid bacteria and combinations of these. The changes which accompanied aerobic deterioration were observed. The major losses of fermentation acids, ethanol, ammonia and dry matter, and increases in total nitrogen and temperature were associated with inocula in which yeasts were represented. Similar changes of a lower magnitude were also observed in silage treated with inocula containing bacteria only, although these were not always accompanied by the growth of these organisms or loss of dry matter. However, when employed in mixed inocula with yeasts, the bacteria proliferated and tended in some instances to increase losses further, suggesting an association between the groups of micro-organisms in the aerobic deterioration process. Losses were also sustained in sterile silage which received no inoculum and the possible reasons for this are discussed.

Co-infection with a wheat rhabdovirus causes a reduction inMal de Río Cuarto virustiter in its planthopper vector

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-240
Author(s):  
A.D. Dumón ◽  
E.B. Argüello Caro ◽  
M.F. Mattio ◽  
V. Alemandri ◽  
M. del Vas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Mixed Inoculum ◽  
Natural Vector ◽  
Mixed Inocula ◽  
Virus Interactions ◽  
Viral Accumulation

AbstractMal de Río Cuarto virus(MRCV,Fijivirus,Reoviridae) causes one of the most important diseases in maize (Zea maysL.) in Argentina and has been detected in mixed infections with a rhabdovirus closely related to Maize yellow striate virus. In nature both viruses are able to infect maize and several grasses including wheat, and are transmitted in a persistent propagative manner byDelphacodes kuscheliFennah (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). This work describes the interactions between MRCV and rhabdovirus within their natural vector and the consequences of such co-infection regarding virus transmission and symptom expression. First- and third-instarD. kuschelinymphs were fed on MRCV-infected wheat plants or MRCV-rhabdovirus-infected oat plants, and two latency periods were considered. Transmission efficiency and viral load of MRCV-transmitting and non-transmitting planthoppers were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis (RTqPCR). Vector transmission efficiency was related to treatments (life stages at acquisition and latency periods). Nevertheless, no correlation between transmission efficiency and type of inoculum used to infect insects with MRCV was found. Treatment by third-instar nymphs 17 days after Acquisition Access Period was the most efficient for MRCV transmission, regardless of the type of inoculum. Plants co-infected with MRCV and rhabdovirus showed the typical MRCV symptoms earlier than plants singly infected with MRCV. The transmitting planthoppers showed significantly higher MRCV titers than non-transmitting insects fed on single or mixed inocula, confirming that successful MRCV transmission is positively associated with viral accumulation in the insect. Furthermore, MRCV viral titers were higher in transmitting planthoppers that acquired this virus from a single inoculum than in those that acquired the virus from a mixed inoculum, indicating that the presence of the rhabdovirus somehow impaired MRCV replication and/or acquisition. This is the first study about interactions between MRCV and a rhabdovirus closely related to Maize yellow striate virus in this insect vector (D. kuscheli), and contributes to a better understanding of planthopper–virus interactions and their epidemiological implications.

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