Effects of antiretroviral combination therapies F/TAF, E/C/F/TAF and R/F/TAF on insulin resistance in healthy volunteers: The TAF-IR Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 629-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph D Spinner ◽  
Sebastian Schulz ◽  
Ulrike Bauer ◽  
Jochen Schneider ◽  
Johanna Bobardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Ir Study

scholarly journals Metabolic Adaptations to Dexamethasone-Induced Insulin Resistance in Healthy Volunteers

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Nicod ◽  
Vittorio Giusti ◽  
Christine Besse ◽  
Luc Tappy
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations

scholarly journals Effects of bee propolis on FBG, HbA1c and insulin resistance in healthy volunteers

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Fawaz A Alassaf ◽  
Mahmood H M Jasim ◽  
Mohanad Alfahad ◽  
Mohannad E Qazzaz ◽  
Mohammed N Abed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Healthy Volunteers

scholarly journals Carbohydrate-induced manipulation of insulin sensitivity independently of intramyocellular lipids

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. Goff ◽  
Gary S. Frost ◽  
Gavin Hamilton ◽  
E. Louise Thomas ◽  
Waljit S. Dhillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipids ◽  
Post Intervention

Subjects with insulin resistance have been shown to have higher storage levels of intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) than their insulin-sensitive counterparts. It has been proposed that elevated IMCL stores may be the main cause of insulin resistance. The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether there is a causal relationship between IMCL storage and insulin resistance. IMCL storage was assessed using magnetic resonance spectroscopy and insulin sensitivity was assessed by performing an oral glucose tolerance test. A 4-week intervention of reduction of dietary glycaemic index was used to manipulate insulin sensitivity in a cohort of healthy volunteers; the effects of this intervention on IMCL were measured after 4 weeks of intervention. Significant improvements in the insulin sensitivity index occurred following the dietary intervention (baseline 7·8 (sem 1·11) v. post-intervention 9·7 (sem 1·11), P=0·02). However, there were no changes in IMCL storage levels, suggesting that insulin sensitivity can be manipulated independently of IMCL. This suggests that in healthy volunteers, insulin sensitivity is independent of IMCL storage and the high storage levels that have been found in insulin-resistant subjects may occur as a consequence rather than a cause of insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Multiple Lipoprotein Abnormalities Associated with Insulin Resistance in Healthy Volunteers Are Identified by the Vertical Auto Profile-II Methodology

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1014-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W Chu ◽  
Fahim Abbasi ◽  
Krishnaji R Kulkarni ◽  
Cynthia Lamendola ◽  
Tracey L McLaughlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Healthy Volunteers

scholarly journals Insulin resistance and associated factors in healthy volunteers in South-west Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
EN Adejumo ◽  
OA Adejumo ◽  
OA Ogundahunsi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
South West ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is linked with the pathophysiology of some non-communicable diseases including Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Objective: To determine the factors associated with IR among apparently healthy individuals in South-west Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study of a cohort of apparently healthy volunteers aged 18 years and above consecutively recruited from two communities was conducted. IR was determined using the homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) based on the cut off values of ≥ 2. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the crude and adjusted odds ratio of IR associated factors. Results: A total of 520 participants aged 18–89 years were recruited for the study. Their mean age was 46.7±14.6 years and the prevalence of IR was 43.5%. Alcohol intake (AOR = 2.1, 95%CI 1.3 – 3.4; p<0.001), lack of physical exercise (AOR = 1.5, 95%CI 1.0 – 2.3), and Body Mass Index (AOR = 1.03, 95%CI 1.0 – 1.1) were the factors associated with IR. Conclusion: The prevalence of IR among apparently healthy individuals in this study was high. The need for proactive measures to avert the sequelae of IR is of utmost importance.

scholarly journals Physical Inactivity Rapidly Induces Insulin Resistance and Microvascular Dysfunction in Healthy Volunteers

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 2650-2656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi M. Hamburg ◽  
Craig J. McMackin ◽  
Alex L. Huang ◽  
Sherene M. Shenouda ◽  
Michael E. Widlansky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance and Adiponectin Levels in Drug-Free Patients with Schizophrenia: A Preliminary Report

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony A Cohn ◽  
Gary Remington ◽  
Robert B Zipursky ◽  
Azar Azad ◽  
Philip Connolly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Drug Free

Objective: To compare the insulin sensitivity and adiponectin levels of medication-free patients suffering from schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder with that of matched healthy volunteers. Method: We evaluated 9 nondiabetic patients aged 26.6 years (median 26 years, range 17 to 41 years) and matched volunteers, using the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test, minimal model analysis, and fasting adiponectin levels. Results: The mean insulin sensitivity index of the patients was 42% lower than that of the healthy volunteers ( P = 0.026), with inadequate compensation in insulin secretion. Patients with schizophrenia tended to have reduced adiponectin levels ( P = 0.055). Conclusions: By direct measurement, this study provides evidence of insulin resistance and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in patients with schizophrenia who are free of antipsychotic drugs.

scholarly journals Pathophysiology of drug induced weight and metabolic effects: findings from an RCT in healthy volunteers treated with olanzapine, iloperidone, or placebo

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob S Ballon ◽  
Utpal B Pajvani ◽  
Laurel ES Mayer ◽  
Zachary Freyberg ◽  
Robin Freyberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Insulin Metabolism

Second generation antipsychotics are prescribed for an increasing number of psychiatric conditions, despite variable associations with weight gain, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance. The mechanism(s) of the apparent causal relationships between these medications and metabolic effects have been inadequately defined and are potentially confounded by genetic risk of mental illness, attendant lifestyle, and concomitant medications. Therefore, we conducted a study in which 24 healthy volunteers were randomized to olanzapine (highly weight-gain liability), iloperidone (less weight-gain liability), or placebo treatment for 28 days under double-blind conditions. We hypothesized that antipsychotics induce weight gain primarily through increased caloric intake, which causes secondary dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Subjects were phenotyped pre- and post-treatment for body weight, adiposity by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry, food intake, oral glucose tolerance, plasma lipids, glucose, insulin, and other hormones. We found significantly increased food intake and body weight but no change in energy expenditure in olanzapine-treated subjects, with associated trends towards lipid abnormalities and insulin resistance the extent of which were presumably limited by the duration of treatment. Iloperidone treatment led to modest non-significant and placebo no weightgain, lipid increases and alterations in insulin metabolism. We conclude that second generation antipsychotic drugs, as represented by olanzapine, produce their weight and metabolic effects, predominantly, by increasing food intake which leads to weight gain that in turn induces metabolic consequences, but also through other direct effects on lipid and glucose metabolism independant of food intake and weight gain.

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