Influence of short-course antenatal antiretroviral therapy on viral load and mother-to-child transmission in subsequent pregnancies among HIV-infected women

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare E French ◽  
Pat A Tookey ◽  
Mario Cortina-Borja ◽  
Annemiek de Ruiter ◽  
Claire L Townsend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Mother To Child

scholarly journals HIV-Positive Women Taking Lifelong Antiretroviral Therapy Report Better Adherence Than Women Taking Short-Course Prophylaxis During and After Pregnancy Under PMTCT Program Option A in Lusaka, Zambia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Marie Hampanda, PhD, MPH ◽  
Lisa L. Abuogi, MD, MS ◽  
Yusuf Ahmed, MPH, BM
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapy Regimen ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Mother To Child

Background and Objectives: HIV-positive women’s adherence to antiretrovirals is critical for prevention of mother-to-child transmission. We aimed to establish if mothers taking triple lifelong antiretroviral therapy report higher adherence compared to mothers taking short-course prophylaxis under Option A in Lusaka, Zambia.Methods: In this clinic-based cross-sectional study, we interviewed 320 HIV-positive mothers at a large public health facility in Lusaka in 2014. Participants reported adherence using a visual analog scale. Multiple logistic regression models were used to determine the adjusted odds of adherence by mother’s prescribed regimen.Results: Women taking lifelong triple antiretroviral therapy report higher adjusted odds of adherence during pregnancy, postpartum, and to giving the infant prophylaxis compared to women to women taking short-course prophylaxis.Discussion: Women on lifelong therapy may have better adherence compared to women on short course prophylaxis because they knew their positive status for longer or were symptomatic with HIV-related disease. The lifelong therapy regimen may be easier for women to follow, particularly because they are required to give the infant prophylaxis for a shorter duration of time.Conclusions and Global Health Implications: Our results indicate that lifelong triple antiretroviral therapy has the potential to promote better drug adherence during and after pregnancy among women living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, compared to short-course antiretroviral regimens.Key words: HIV-positive Women • Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission • Antiretroviral Therapy • Adherence • Zambia • Option A • PMTCT • ARTCopyright © 2017 Hampanda et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection and its associated factors in the district of Bilene, Gaza Province—Mozambique

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260941
Author(s):  
Dulce Osório ◽  
Isabelle Munyangaju ◽  
Edy Nacarapa ◽  
Argentina Muhiwa ◽  
Amancio Vicente Nhangave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Mother To Child

Background Mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection is a significant problem in Mozambique. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with mother-to-child transmission of HIV in rural Mozambique. Methods Retrospective case-control study in a rural area of Bilene District, on the coast of southern Mozambique, performed from January 2017 to June 2018. The analysis considered the clinical data of HIV exposed children with definitive HIV positive results and their respective infected mothers (cases), and the data of HIV exposed children with definitive HIV negative results and their respective infected mothers (controls) registered in At Risk Child Clinics from 1st January 2017 to 30th June 2018 at the Macia and Praia de Bilene health facilities in Bilene district, Gaza province–Mozambique. Results Ninety pregnant women with HIV were involved in the study, including 30 who had transmitted the infection to their children and 60 who had not. Statistical analysis, adjusted for maternal age and gestational age at first antenatal care visit, showed that independent risk factors for transmission were gestational age at first visit (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.36), non-adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy (56.7% vs. 5%; aOR 14.12, 95% CI 3.15–63.41); a viral load of 1000 copies/mL or more (90% vs. 5%; aOR: 156, 95% CI 22.91–1,062) and female sex of the neonate (80% vs. 51.7%; aOR: 4.43, 95% CI 1.33–15.87). Conclusion A high viral load and non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy are important predictors of mother-to-child HIV transmission.

Update in management of hepatitis B in pregnancy and prevention of mother to child hepatitis B transmission

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Naichaya Chamroonkul
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
High Viral Load ◽  
World Population ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child

Even with two decades of widespread using hepatitis B vaccination, chronic hepatitis B remains a major global health problem. In Thailand, the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection was down from 8 - 10% in last decade to 5% recently. Failure to control mother to child transmission is one of the important barriers to the total elimination of hepatitis B infection from world population. In the majority, vertical transmission can be prevented with a universal screening program, immunoprophylaxis by administration of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) for babies born to mothers with HBV. However, in mothers with a high viral load, the chance of immunoprophylaxis failure remains high. To date, there are standard recommendations by all international liver societies including AASLD, EASL and APASL suggest introducing an antiviral agent during the third trimester to CHB pregnant women with a high viral load. Previous US FDA pregnancy category B agents such as Tenofovir and Telbivudine are allowed through all trimesters of pregnancy and are effective for prevention of mother to child transmission. Breastfeeding for patients who receive antiviral agents can be allowed after a risk-benefit discussion with the patient and family.

scholarly journals Short‐Course Therapy with Zidovudine Plus Lamivudine for Prevention of Mother‐to‐Child Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Thailand

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1405-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pongsakdi Chaisilwattana ◽  
Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit ◽  
Amphan Chalermchockcharoenkit ◽  
Nirun Vanprapar ◽  
Korakot Sirimai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Short Course ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mother To Child

scholarly journals Effectiveness of option B highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) in pregnant HIV women

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erastus K Ngemu ◽  
Christopher Khayeka-Wandabwa ◽  
Eliningaya J Kweka ◽  
Joseph K Choge ◽  
Edward Anino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Hiv Women ◽  
Mother To Child
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