scholarly journals Jupiter’s Dynamical Love Number

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Dong Lai
Keyword(s):  
Love Number

Tidal deformation of quantum black holes

2021 ◽  
pp. 2142011
Author(s):  
Ram Brustein ◽  
Yotam Sherf
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Excited Level ◽  
Love Number ◽  
Standard Time ◽  
Love Numbers ◽  
Classical Black Holes ◽  
Quantum Perturbation Theory

The response of a gravitating object to an external tidal field is encoded in its Love numbers, which identically vanish for classical black holes (BHs). Here we show, using standard time-independent quantum perturbation theory, that for a quantum BH, generically, the Love numbers are nonvanishing and negative. We calculate the quadrupolar electric quantum Love number of slowly rotating BHs and show that it depends most strongly on the first excited level of the quantum BH. Finally, we discuss the detectability of the quadrupolar quantum Love number in future precision gravitational-wave observations and show that, under favourable circumstances, its magnitude is large enough to imprint an observable signature on the gravitational waves emitted during the inspiral. Phase of two moderately spinning BHs.

Variations in rotation of the earth, results obtained with the dual-rate moon camera and photographic zenith tubes

1959 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Wm. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Quartz Crystal ◽  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
Naval Research ◽  
Love Number ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
Rotation Of The Earth ◽  
Irregular Variation

Comparison of photographic zenith tube (P.Z.T.) observations with time derived from quartz-crystal clocks during 1951 to 1955 and with cesium standards of frequency during 1955 to 1958 indicates that the seasonal variation is nearly the same from year to year. Lunar-tidal inequalities of semi-monthly and monthly periods with amplitudes of about 0S.001 each were found. A preliminary value of the Love number, k, is derived. Observations made since 1952 with the dual-rate moon position camera are used to derive ΔT = ET – UT. Comparison of the P.Z.T. observations and atomic standards at the National Physical Laboratory and the Naval Research Laboratory shows details of the irregular variation from 1955 to 1958.

scholarly journals An estimate of the k2 Love number of WASP-18Ab from its radial velocity measurements

2019 ◽  
Vol 623 ◽  
pp. A45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sz. Csizmadia ◽  
H. Hellard ◽  
A. M. S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Interior Structure ◽  
Love Number ◽  
Central Mass ◽  
Tidal Interactions ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Timing Data

Context. Increasing our knowledge of the interior structure, composition, and density distribution of exoplanets is crucial to make progress in the understanding of exoplanetary formation, migration and habitability. However, the directly measurable mass and radius values offer little constraint on interior structure, because the inverse problem is highly degenerate. Therefore, there is a clear need for a third observable of exoplanet interiors. This third observable can be the k2 fluid Love number which measures the central mass concentration of an exoplanet. Aims. The aims of this paper are (i) to develop a basic model to fit the long-term radial velocity and TTV variations caused by tidal interactions, (ii) to apply the model to the WASP-18Ab system, and (iii) to estimate the Love number of the planet. Methods. Archival radial velocity, transit and occultation timing data were collected and fitted using the model introduced here. Results. The best model fit to the archival radial velocity and timing data of WASP-18Ab was obtained with a Love number of the massive (~10 MJup) hot Jupiter WASP-18Ab: k2,Love = 0.62−0.19+0.55. This causes apsidal motion in the system, at a rate of ~0.0087 ± 0.0033°∕days ≊ 31.3 ± 11.8 arcsec day−1. When checking possible causes of periastron precession, other than the relativistic term or the non-spherical shape of the components, we found a companion star to the WASP-18 system, named WASP-18B which is a probable M6.5V dwarf with ~0.1 M⊙ at 3519 AU distance from the transit host star. We also find that small orbital eccentricities may be real, rather than an apparent effect caused by the non-spherical stellar shape.

scholarly journals On Investigations of the Tidal Waves Mf and Mm

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 315-316
Author(s):  
G. P. Pil'nik
Keyword(s):  
Solid Earth ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Earth Tides ◽  
Love Number ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Tidal Waves ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Astronomical Time ◽  
Solid Earth Tides

The comparison of astronomical time observations with the theory of solid-Earth tides makes it possible to determine the Love number, k, which characterizes the elastic properties of the Earth. In addition, the comparison of values of k determined from different tidal waves allows us to judge the accuracy of the nutational theory in astronomical observations since both tides and the Earth's nutation are produced by the same causes.

scholarly journals Love in extrema ratio

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 1944001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Pani ◽  
Andrea Maselli
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Leading Order ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Love Number ◽  
Space Antenna ◽  
Central Object ◽  
Love Numbers ◽  
Ratio Limit ◽  
Laser Interferometric

The tidal deformability of a self-gravitating object leaves an imprint on the gravitational-wave signal of an inspiral which is paramount to measure the internal structure of the binary components. We unveil here a surprisingly unnoticed effect: in the extreme mass-ratio limit the tidal Love number of the central object (i.e. the quadrupole moment induced by the tidal field of its companion) affects the gravitational waveform at the leading order in the mass ratio. This effect acts as a magnifying glass for the tidal deformability of supermassive objects but was so far neglected, probably because the tidal Love numbers of a black hole (the most natural candidate for a compact supermassive object) are identically zero. We argue that extreme mass-ratio inspirals detectable by the future laser interferometric space antenna (LISA) mission might place constraints on the tidal Love numbers of the central object which are roughly eight orders of magnitude more stringent than current ones on neutron stars, potentially probing all models of black hole mimickers proposed so far.

Tidal studies from the perturbations in satellite orbits

1977 ◽  
Vol 284 (1326) ◽  
pp. 595-606 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Ocean Tide ◽  
Satellite Orbits ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Love Number ◽  
Orbital Theory ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Orbital Perturbations ◽  
Tidal Potential ◽  
Tidal Perturbations

Tidal perturbations in the orbits of close Earth satellites permit the Love number K 2 and the phase lag ε 2 of the tidal effective Earth to be estimated. These parameters differ significantly from the nominal values of K 2 = 0.30 and ε 2 < 0.5° that would be expected if only the solid tide was important. This difference is due to the contribution of the oceans to the total tidal potential. This contribution is less well known than the solid tide potential and the study of the orbital perturbations permits an estimation of some of the long wavelength variations in the ocean tide. In this paper we discuss the method and the results obtained from two satellites for the S 2 and M 2 ocean tide. These tidal parameters are compared with and combined with numerical models of these tides to give improved parameters to be used in any orbital theory.

scholarly journals Retrieval of the Fluid Love Number k 2 in Exoplanetary Transit Curves

2019 ◽  
Vol 878 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Hellard ◽  
Szilárd Csizmadia ◽  
Sebastiano Padovan ◽  
Heike Rauer ◽  
Juan Cabrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Love Number

scholarly journals Evidence for Solid Planets from Kepler's Near-Resonance Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S293) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Man Hoi Lee ◽  
D. Fabrycky ◽  
D. N. C. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Dissipation Function ◽  
Love Number ◽  
Tidal Dissipation ◽  
Small Eccentricity ◽  
First Order ◽  
Near Resonance ◽  
Kepler Mission

AbstractThe multiple-planet systems discovered by the Kepler mission show an excess of planet pairs with period ratios just wide of exact commensurability for first-order resonances like 2:1 and 3:2. In principle, these planet pairs could be in resonance if their orbital eccentricities are sufficiently small, because the width of first-order resonances diverges in the limit of vanishingly small eccentricity. We consider a widely-held scenario in which pairs of planets were captured into first-order resonances by migration due to planet-disk interactions, and subsequently became detached from the resonances, due to tidal dissipation in the planets. In the context of this scenario, we find a constraint on the ratio of the planet's tidal dissipation function and Love number that implies that some of the Kepler planets are likely solid. However, tides are not strong enough to move many of the planet pairs to the observed separations, suggesting that additional processes are at play.

Assessing the potential for measuring Europa's tidal Love number h2 using radar sounder and topographic imager data

2018 ◽  
Vol 482 ◽  
pp. 334-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Steinbrügge ◽  
D.M. Schroeder ◽  
M.S. Haynes ◽  
H. Hussmann ◽  
C. Grima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Love Number ◽  
Radar Sounder

scholarly journals Probing the Interiors of Very Hot Jupiters Using Transit Light Curves

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (S253) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
Aaron S. Wolf ◽  
Darin Ragozzine
Keyword(s):  
Light Curves ◽  
Small Signal ◽  
Interior Structure ◽  
Love Number ◽  
Hot Jupiters ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Future Space ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Formation And Evolution ◽  
In Transit

AbstractAccurately understanding the interior structure of extra-solar planets is critical for inferring their formation and evolution and resolving the origin of anomalous planetary radii. The internal density distribution of the planet has a direct effect on the star-planet orbit through the gravitational quadrupole of rotational and tidal bulges, measured by the planetary Love number (k2p, twice the apsidal motion constant). We find that the quadrupole of the planetary tidal bulges dominates the rate of apsidal precession of single very hot Jupiters by more than an order of magnitude over general relativity and the stellar quadrupole. For the shortest-period planets, the planetary interior induces precession of a few degrees per year. By investigating the full photometric signal of apsidal precession, we find that transit timing induces a relatively small signal compared to the changes in transit shapes. With its long baseline of ultra-precise photometry, the future space-based Kepler mission should be able to realistically detect the presence or absence of a core in very hot Jupiters with orbital eccentricities as low as e ~ 0.001. We show that the signal due to k2p is not degenerate with other parameters and has a unique signature on the transit light curve. This technique, outlined in more detail in Ragozzine & Wolf 2008 provides the first readily employed method for directly probing the interiors of extra-solar planets.

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