scholarly journals RESEARCH ON THE EFFICIENCY OF FILTER MEDIA / FILTRAVIMO UŽPILDŲ EFEKTYVUMO TYRIMAI

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramunė Albrektienė ◽  
Mindaugas Rimeika ◽  
Viktorija Petraitytė
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Active Filter ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Iron Compounds ◽  
Drinking Purposes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Manganese Compounds

The main problems of ground water for drinking purposes in Lithuania include the increased concentration of iron, ammonium and manganese compounds. Organic compounds have the main impact on removing iron, ammonium and manganese compounds. The coagulation process is employed for removing organic compounds. Along with the removal of organic compounds, iron, ammonium and manganese compounds can be taken away in a more efficient way. Different filter media could be used for removing iron, ammonium and manganese. The purpose of research was to evaluate removal effectiveness of iron, ammonium, manganese and organic compounds applying different types of filter medium (quartz sand, zeolite, Birm and quartz sand from an active filter). The conducted research has showed that all tested filter media (Birm, zeolite, quartz sand and quartz sand from the active filter) effectively remove iron compounds (up to 99%). The efficiency of removing ammonium ions may reach 99% for Zeolite and 95% for quartz sand from the active filter. When using quartz sand from the active filter as filter medium, up to 85% removal efficiency for manganese ions was reached. Article in Lithuanian. Santrauka Pagrindinė požeminio vandens, kuris Lietuvoje naudojamas kaip geriamasis vanduo, kokybės problema yra per didelės gamtinės geležies, amonio ir mangano junginių koncentracijos. Šalinti geležies, amonio ir mangano junginius sudėtingiau, kai šie cheminiai elementai sudaro kompleksinius organinius junginius su organinėmis medžiagomis. Organiniai junginiai gali būti šalinami taikant koaguliaciją. Pašalinus organinius junginius lengviau pasišalina ir geležies, amonio bei mangano junginiai. Tam naudojami įvairūs filtravimo užpildai. Tiriama, kaip efektyviai geležies, amonio, mangano ir organiniai junginiai šalinami naudojant skirtingus filtrų užpildus (kvarcinį smėlį, ceolitą, Birm ir kvarcinį smėlį iš veikiančio filtro). Atlikus tyrimus naudojant koaguliantą ir pro skirtingus filtrų užpildus filtruojant vandenį, kuriame didelės geležies, mangano, amonio ir organinių junginių koncentracijos, nustatyta, kad visi tirti filtravimo užpildai (Birm, ceolitas, kvarcinis smėlis iš veikiančio filtro ir kvarcinis smėlis) efektyviai (iki 99 %) šalina geležies junginius. Amonio jonus efektyviausiai šalina ceolito (iki 98 %) ir kvarcinio smėlio iš veikiančio filtro (iki 95 %) filtravimo užpildai. Mangano junginius efektyviausiai (iki 85 %) šalina kvarcinio smėlio iš veikiančio filtro užpildas.

Efficiency of Removal of Iron, Manganese, Ammonium and Organic Matter from Groundwater

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramunė Albrektienė ◽  
Mindaugas Rimeika
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Well Field ◽  
Water Treatment Technology ◽  
Iron Manganese

The acceptable concentrations in groundwater are usually in excess of iron, ammonium and manganese. These compounds are inefficiently removed by means of ordinary technologies of ammonium ions, iron and manganese compounds removal from groundwater (water aeration and filtration through granular filter fillings) where groundwater contains high concentrations of organic compounds. Increased concentrations of organic compounds in groundwater occur in well fields where exploited aquifers have contact with surface water wells and are supplemented with water from open water bodies. Such well field is located in the town of Nida (Lithuania). The norms permitted by Council directive 98/83/EC on the quality of water intended for human consumption are exceeded by iron, ammonium, manganese and organic compounds in this well field. The present study examines the efficiency of drinking water treatment technology of three-stage filtration with aeration and insertion of coagulant (polyaluminum chloride) where ammonium ions, iron, manganese and organic compounds are removed from groundwater in an integral manner. Three fillings were used for filtration: quartz sand, zeolite and quartz sand with oxidizing bacteria. The drinking water treatment technology examined removes ammonium ions, iron, manganese and organic compounds from groundwater in an integral manner until the requirements of the norms of directive 98/83/EC are achieved.

Influence of Leaning Materials on the Quality of Building Ceramics

2021 ◽  
Vol 903 ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
Ruta Švinka ◽  
Visvaldis Švinka ◽  
Maris Rundans ◽  
Inta Timma ◽  
Laila Petersone
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ceramic Building ◽  
Formation Of Cracks

Clay of the deposit Liepa is used for the production of ceramic building and finishing bricks in the factory “Lode” in Latvia. In the present work different types of these clays were investigated and “quartz effect” was determined using quartz sand as a leaning material. The substitution of quartz sand with milled E-glass fibre from Valmiera Glass was investigated and the changes in the magnitude of the quartz inversion effect were analysed. Thermal expansion was the main method for the determination of possible formation of cracks during technological process. Powder of milled glass fibre in amount of 5–10 % affects such properties as water uptake, porosity and apparent density and provides the required material properties at a lower firing temperature.

Experimental Study of Droplet Biofilter Packed with Green Sphagnum

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Petrauskaitė ◽  
Rasa Vaiškūnaitė
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
Waste Gas ◽  
Air Cleaning ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Different Types

Air cleaning from VOC (volatile organic compunds) group of contaminants could be done by using different types of methods: adsoption, absorption, chemical or thermal oxidation. However, the most promising method is biological air cleaning. Biofilters have found most of their success in the treatment of dilute high-flow waste gas sreams containing odors or volatile organic compounds. To evaluate the meaning of the applicability of green sphagnum use in the droplet biofilter we will make the research. Sphagnum as a plant has big capabilities to absorb water and hold it in the porous parts plant structure. This characteristic of the plant could affect the water flow in the lower layer of the biolfiltrer and in this case will change the possibility to microorganisms to create right envinment to absorb and degrade the polluted air. The main aim of this research is the experimental study of droplet biofilter packed with green sphagnum.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Adsorption of Heavy Metals from Roadway Stormwater Runoff Using Different Filter Media in Column Studies

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadele Haile ◽  
Maria Fuerhacker
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Column Experiment ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Column Studies ◽  
Natural Quartz ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Stormwater runoff from roadways often contains a variety of contaminants such as heavy metals, which can adversely impact receiving waters. The filter media in stormwater filtration/infiltration systems play a significant role in the simultaneous removal of multiple pollutants. In this study, the capacity of five filter media—natural quartz sand (QS), sandy soil (SS) and three mineral-based technical filter media (TF-I, TF-II and TF-III)—to adsorb heavy metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) frequently detected in stormwater, as well as remobilization due to de-icing salt (NaCl), were evaluated in column experiments. The column breakthrough data were used to predict lifespan of the filter media. Column experiment operated under high hydraulic load showed that all technical filters and sandy soil achieved >97%, 94% and >80% of Pb, Cu and Zn load removals, respectively, while natural quartz sand (QS) showed very poor performance. Furthermore, treatment of synthetic stormwater by the soil and technical filter media met the requirements of the Austrian regulation regarding maximum effluent concentrations and minimum removal efficiencies for groundwater protection. The results showed that application of NaCl had only a minor impact on the remobilization of heavy metals from the soil and technical filter media, while the largest release of metals was observed from the QS column. Breakthrough analysis indicated that load removal efficiencies at column exhaustion (SS, TF-I, TF-II and TF-III) were >95% for Cu and Pb and 80–97% for Zn. Based on the adsorption capacities, filtration systems could be sized to 0.4 to 1% (TF-I, TF-II and TF-III) and 3.5% (SS) of their impervious catchment area and predicated lifespan of each filter media was at least 35, 36, 41 and 29 years for SS, TF-I, TF-II and TF-III, respectively. The findings of this study demonstrate that soil—based and technical filter media are effective in removing heavy metals and can be utilized in full-stormwater filtration systems.

Superhydrophobic coating on quartz sand filter media for oily wastewater filtration

2018 ◽  
Vol 553 ◽  
pp. 509-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianlin Liu ◽  
Xiaofei Zhu ◽  
Hongwei Zhang ◽  
Fuping Wu ◽  
Bigui Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coating ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Wastewater Filtration

Effect of Metallic Poisons. Especially Manganese, on Aging of Vulcanized Natural Rubber

1947 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 821-826
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Manganese Compound ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Salts Of Organic Acids ◽  
General Experience ◽  
Manganese Compounds ◽  
Harmful Effects

Abstract 1. Information received from rubber manufacturers on their experience of the effects of manganese and copper on aging is summarized. Although there is evidence that the amounts of these impurities in fillers tended to increase during the early war years (1939–42), it seems to be the general experience that little trouble arose from their effects on the properties of the rubber. Fillers containing as much as 0.05–0.10 per cent of manganese, or 0.005 per cent of copper, have not shown any obvious harmful effects. 2. Experiments with a large number of manganese compounds, including naturally occurring (mineral) forms and salts of organic acids, used in amounts equivalent to 0.01 per cent manganese on the raw rubber, have failed to show any pronounced harmful effect on the aging (oven or oxygen bomb) of a vulcanized natural rubber containing mercaptobenzothiazole, although deterioration was noticeably accelerated in some cases. Probably on account of the smallness of the effects observed, it is not possible as yet to draw any conclusion as to the relative activities of different types of manganese compound. 3. According to results of previous workers, manganese in the amount used in the present experiments can produce a more serious effect than these experiments indicate. The effect of manganese is known to depend on the type of mix used, and this aspect of the problem would thus appear to merit further investigation, as does also the influence of the method and degree of dispersion of the manganese compound in the rubber mix.

2, 4-Ionene Supported Permanganate: A Novel, Efficient and Selective Solid Phase Oxidizing Agent for Oxidation of Organic Compounds

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moslem Mansour Lakouraj ◽  
Sayed Maysam Hossaini ◽  
Vahid Hasantabar ◽  
Masoomeh Soleimani
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Oxidation Of Organic Compounds ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hydroxyl Compounds

Abstract2, 4-ionene supported permanganate is easily prepared by treatment of 2, 4-ionene with an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate. This reagent could be used as a stable, mild and efficient oxidizing agent to produce carbonyl compounds from hydroxyl compounds or arenes, and disulfides from thiols in either heterogonous or solvent free conditions. In addition, aromatization of different types of 2-arylimidazolines and 2-alkylimidazolines to corresponding imidazoles was achieved in good yields in acetonitrile at room temperature.

scholarly journals The use of silica sand, zeolite and active charcoal to reduce BOD, COD, and TSS of laundry waste water as a biology learning resources

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Moch Assiddieq ◽  
Satya Darmayani ◽  
Wirapati Kudonowarso
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Biology Learning ◽  
High Concentrations

The aquatic environment contaminated with detergent waste in high concentrations can endanger the lives human and biota in the water. This study aimed to determine the decrease of BOD, COD and TSS content of laundry liquid waste by using filter media of silica sand, zeolite, and activated charcoal. Filter medium 1a can reduce BOD level from 98.6 mg/L to 58.80 mg/L (40.36%), while medium 1b can decrease BOD level to 21.20 mg/L (78.48%). It showed that media 1a had not fulfilled the quality standard of BOD of waste water that is 50 mg/L, while media 1b had fulfilled the standard of quality. Filter media 1a can decrease COD level from 210 mg/L to 78.80 mg/L (62.47%), whereas medium 1b can decrease COD to 25.60 mg/L (87.80%). This showed that media 1a and media 1b had met the quality standard of COD of waste water that is 100 mg/L. Filter media 1a can decrease TSS level from 465 mg/L to 122.5 mg/L (73.65%), whereas medium 1b can decrease TSS level to 52.3 mg/L (88.75%). This showed that media 1a and media 1b had met the quality standard of TSS of waste water that is 150 mg/L.

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