The Influence of Hydrated Lime, Portland Cement and Cement Dust on Rheological Properties of Recycled Cold Mixes with Foamed Bitumen

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Buczynski ◽  
Marek Iwanski
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Cement Kiln ◽  
Direct Tension ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
Hydraulic Binder ◽  
Foamed Bitumen

This article presents a laboratory evaluation of the viscoelastic properties of recycled base courses produced with different fillers. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of loading time and temperature on the complex modulus (E*) and the phase angle (6) of recycled base courses with respect to selected additives used. The mixtures contained reclaimed asphalt pavement RAP, crushed stone from existing base courses and virgin aggregate. Foamed bitumen 50/70 at 2.5% was used as a binder. The hydraulic binder constituted 3.0% of the recycled base course mixture. Portland cement, hydrated lime and cement kiln dust CKD were added as fillers. Evaluation of rheological properties of recycled base courses according to selected additives was carried out to the procedure set out in EN 12697-26 annex D. The evaluation of stiffness modulus was conducted in the direct tension- compression test on cylindrical samples (DTC-CY). The samples were subjected to the cycles of sinusoidal strain with an amplitude Bo < 25μB. All tests were performed over a range of temperatures (5 ºC, 13 ºC, 25 ºC, 40 ºC) and loading times (0.1 Hz, 0.3 Hz, 1 Hz, 3 Hz, 10 Hz, 20 Hz). The results were used to model stiffness modulus master curves of the recycled base courses containing selected additives in the hydraulic binder.

scholarly journals Influence of innovative three-element binder on permanent deformations in recycled mixtures with emulsion and foamed bitumen

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Mazurek ◽  
Marek Iwański ◽  
Przemysław Buczyński ◽  
Renata Horodecka
Keyword(s):  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cement Dust ◽  
Basic Part ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Time Deformation ◽  
Hydraulic Binder ◽  
Foamed Bitumen

AbstractThis article is detected to the assessment of durable deformations of recycled mixtures made of foamed bitumen (MCAS) and emulsion (MCE). In the basic part of research and analyses, attention was focused on determining the scale of three-component composition modifying rheological phenomena of recycled mixtures and other selected features considering various methods of bituminous binder proportioning. Cement, hydrated lime, and dusts from cement dust extracting system were included in the composition hydraulic binder. In this paper, the effect of graining of recycled mixture was also taken into account. One of the main scientific aims of the paper was to evaluate the degree of changes in durable deformations described in the power model depending on proportions of elements making three-element hydraulic binder. In effect, it was pointed out that the influence of hydraulic binder differently affected the durable deformation of recycled mixture depending on ways of bitumen binder implementation. There-element binder exerted the highest influence on mechanical properties of mixtures with fine-grained mixtures made according to the MCAS technology. The presence of 4 groups of mixtures with different properties was demonstrated using the classification neuron net. Based on that information, a set of the most recommended solutions from the point of view of time deformation resistance, low sensitiveness to the load level at moderate stiffness was selected. The best representative among them was the arrangement with 20% of hydrated lime, less than 40% of CBPD dusts and 40 ÷ 60% of cement.

scholarly journals Calorimetry in the studies of by-pass cement kiln dust as an additive to the calcium aluminate cement

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 4561-4569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiesława Nocuń-Wczelik ◽  
Katarzyna Stolarska
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Calcium Aluminate ◽  
Calcium Aluminate Cement ◽  
Cement Kiln ◽  
Phase Assemblage ◽  
Chemical Shrinkage ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Aluminate Cement

Abstract The studies focused on the kinetics of early hydration in the high-calcium aluminate cement (CAC 70)—by-pass cement kiln dusts (BPCKD)—mixtures. For this purpose, the mixtures of cement with this additive or with some potential constituents of dusts were produced. The microcalorimeter was applied to follow the kinetics of hydration. The investigations with the aim of finding the relationship between the components of initial mixtures and the modification of hydration process were carried out. The rheological properties were characterized, and the chemical shrinkage characteristics were produced. The phase assemblage characterization and microscopic observations were done as well. In case of the high-calcium aluminate-based binders, the modification of setting process was observed; the rheological properties and chemical shrinkage were affected too. The acceleration of heat evolution—the shortening of so-called induction period in the presence of BPCKD additive—was observed. The results were compared to those obtained for the CAC with ordinary Portland cement additive. The results of calorimetric measurements are discussed in terms of the chemical and phase assemblage of this additive as compared to the Portland cement clinker precursors and potassium chloride—the solid and liquid components of the dust.

scholarly journals Multi-Scale Rheo-Mechanical Study of SMA Mixtures Containing Fine Crumb Rubber in a New Dry-Hybrid Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3887
Author(s):  
Francesco Mazzotta ◽  
Piergiorgio Tataranni ◽  
Andrea Simone ◽  
Daniele Fornai ◽  
Gordon Airey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Direct Tension ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
Hybrid Technology ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Mechanical Study ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Technology Effects

Aiming to study the rheo-mechanical effects of fine crumb rubber into gap graded stone mastic asphalt (SMA) mixtures, a multi-scale experimental approach was adopted. Therefore, in the perspective of the reuse of end of life tires’ in asphalt layers, the adopted new dry-hybrid technology effects have been investigated from the mastic, mortar and mixture points of view. The new rubberized asphalt production technology allows the use of rubber powder as filler, the rubber amount optimization being validated through multi-scale performance tests. Mastics and mortars’ complex modulus measured with dynamic shear and torsional tests were related to the mixture stiffness modulus recorded in direct tension-compression mode. The rheological properties of mastic are strictly influenced by the rubber presence, and consequently the asphalt mixtures stiffness and thermo-sensitivity are connected to the mastic and mortar rheo-mechanical behavior. Results are consistent through the adopted approach and reveal that with the new dry-hybrid technology, overcoming the wet and dry limits, it seems to be possible obtaining more durable and eco-friendly bituminous pavement layers.

scholarly journals Laboratory Evaluation of Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binder Modified by Nano-TiO2/CaCO3

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Liming Zhang ◽  
Xuekai Gao ◽  
Wensheng Wang ◽  
Hua Wang ◽  
Kunkun Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
Desirability Analysis ◽  
Beam Bending

Nanomaterials have a great potential for enhancing the performance of base asphalt binder. This study aims to promote the application of nano-TiO2/CaCO3 in bitumen and presents a study on rheological properties for TiO2/CaCO3 nanoparticle-bitumen. In this study, a series of laboratory experiments have been performed for bitumen with different nano-TiO2/CaCO3 dosages. Nano-TiO2/CaCO3-modified bitumen with optimum dosage was prepared for viscosity, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and beam bending rheometer (BBR) for assessing temperature sensitivity of bitumen, and the low-medium-high-temperature performances were analyzed for TiO2/CaCO3 nanoparticle-bitumen as well. Results show that bituminous mechanical properties were enhanced by TiO2/CaCO3, and based on the overall desirability analysis of various conventional tests, the reasonable dosage of nano-TiO2/CaCO3 was recommended as 5% by weight of base bitumen. Adding nano-TiO2/CaCO3 was beneficial to improve the viscosity and reduce the temperature sensitivity of bitumen. The capacities of bituminous rutting resistance as well as medium-temperature fatigue resistance were enhanced by the addition of nano-TiO2/CaCO3. However, BBR test shows that bituminous anticracking is reduced slightly. On this basis, the Burgers model is selected for clarifying the decrease in anticracking performance; that is, nano-TiO2/CaCO3 increased the stiffness modulus while increasing the viscosity of bitumen.

scholarly journals The use of gabbro dust in the cold recycling of asphalt paving mixes with foamed bitumen

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Iwański ◽  
P. Buczyński ◽  
G. Mazurek
Keyword(s):  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Stiffness Modulus ◽  
The Road ◽  
Mesh Reinforcement ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Foamed Bitumen ◽  
Cold Recycling

Abstract Mineral fines are a waste product of aggregate production in quarries and asphalt mixing plants. The incorporation of mineral gabbro dust into foam bitumen causes developing of a mesh reinforcement in the recycled base mixture. This mesh reinforcement, observed in a recycled base structure, induces an increase in stiffness modulus, where its elastic part of complex modulus dominates over the imaginary part. Therefore, it is possible to create a recycled mixture with a lower susceptibility to loading time/temperature. In result, the presence of gabbro dust in recycled mixture limits the magnitude of strains induced by the traffic load. This paper presents the results of the tests carried out on the mineral dusts derived from gabbro rock. Structural and functional properties of the fines were determined to prepare their characteristics. Then, the cold recycled mixtures for the road base were designed with the 5–20% mineral fines content. The mixtures were prepared in cold recycling technology with foamed bitumen. Further tests involved determining mechanical and physical properties of the recycled mixes, including air voids content, Marshall stability, Marshall quotient (stiffness), indirect tensile strength and stiffness modulus at 20°C). The results indicated a positive influence of the gabbro dusts on the investigated parameters. With the use of ANOVA tests, the significance of the influence of the gabbro dust and foamed bitumen on these properties was evaluated. Harrington’s multicriteria method was employed to establish gabbro dust and foamed bitumen amounts, the addition of which would guarantee optimal properties of the recycled base mixture.

Preparation of Alternative Hydraulic Binder Based on Secondary Raw Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Jiří Švec ◽  
Tomáš Opravil ◽  
Jiří Másilko
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hydraulic Lime ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Hydraulic Binder ◽  
Massive Scale

Reusing and recycling of secondary raw materials from high-volume industrial productions (especially form construction materials and binders fabrications) is very important way of conserving environment and it is also interesting from the economical point of view. The production of common hydraulic binders, especially Portland cement, burdens the environment with considerable amount of combustion gases and consumes energy in massive scale. Alternative (low – energy) binder can be used as Portland cement substitution in applications with lower mechanical properties requirements. Mined limestone wash sediments contain large amount of clay components, but there is also indispensable share of fine calcite. This composition makes these sediments a promising material for the preparation of hydraulic binders as Roman cement or hydraulic lime.

scholarly journals Application of the foamed bitumen and bitumen emulsion to the road base mixes in the deep cold recycling technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Iwański ◽  
Anna Chomicz-Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion ◽  
Recycling Technology ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Foamed Bitumen ◽  
Cold Recycling

This paper presents findings of a study concerning the influence of binder type on the mechanical properties of road base in the cold recycling technology. The principal aim of this investigation was to evaluate the mixes in scope of susceptibility to moisture and low-temperatures. In the comparative research foamed bitumen and bitumen emulsion were used in four different concentrations (2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%). The materials used in the study were reclaimed from an existing road construction layers: reclaimed aggregate from the road base and reclaimed asphalt pavement obtained by milling the surface and binder course. Portland cement in 2.0% concentration was used as a hydraulic binder. The evaluated parameters were: indirect tensile strengths, tensile strength retained and indirect tensile stiffness modulus at 25 °C. These tests were complemented by an evaluation of susceptibility to moisture and frost according to modified procedures implemented by American researchers: Tunnicliff, Root and Lottman. Moreover, tests for low-temperature cracking were conducted according to Finnish standard. The investigations showed that the use of foamed bitumen for road base layer produced in the cold recycling technology results in better mechanical properties and resistance to moisture and frost compared to using bitumen emulsion. The use of 2.5% of foamed bitumen and 2.0% of Portland cement in the recycled road base allowed to meet the established criteria.

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