scholarly journals THE EVALUATION OF THE II PILLAR PENSION’S FUNDS: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH USING MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION METHODS

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (0) ◽  
pp. 109-127
Author(s):  
Lina Novickytė ◽  
Viktorija Rabikauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Decision Methods ◽  
The World

Lithuania has had a significant reform path in the last twenty-five years like other communist bloc countries during the intense changes in the world. Changes and transformations took place in various areas including social security system. Since 2004 have been significant developments legalizing the three-pillar old age pension system supported by the World Bank. Currently, the pension funds operating more than ten years and their assessment still have not stopped being the centre of numerous discussions. There are ongoing discussions about the fund performances’ benefit, efficiency and its evaluation. Therefore, this paper investigates the funds’ valuation problem by testing II pillar pension’s funds in Lithuania. We use the multi-criteria methods with two scenarios: first we estimate II pillar pension’s funds by applying a return (as well as the added value) and the risk indicators; second we include only the most popular derivative indicators: Sharpe, Treynor and Jensen’s alpha ratios. Our results indicate that based on the second scenario methodology is more precise evaluated II pillar pensions funds’ performance, but funds evaluation model based on multi-criteria assessment is more appropriate for larger funds groups. However, in order to assess the performance of the funds and compare them with each other it is important not only use the mathematical methods but also to maintain a holistic approach which allows to integrate micro and macro environmental factors into the funds’ assessment.

Intelligent Cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 216-250
Author(s):  
Kwesi Atta Sakyi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
Intelligent Cities ◽  
Medicine Education

This chapter focuses on a systematic and integrated approach to managing cities using multidisciplinary and technology-based approach and drawing on integrated knowledge from different fields. The chapter aims to discuss and analyse issues in an organic and holistic approach. It explores theory and combines praxis, applications, and futuristic conjectures. Emphasis is placed on issues of ethics, human rights, environmental friendliness, sustainability, and compliance with the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While the chapter has considerable input from existing scholarship, it adopts a narrative that is innovative and creative and engages with novel ideas and propositions for future progress. It also charts the breakthrough in transportation, commerce, medicine, education, the world of work, and contemporary health, with particular emphasis on issues relating to safety, confidentiality, privacy, facial recognition, city policing, crime detection, monitoring and evaluation, forecasting, and future of AI.

scholarly journals Analysis of women's job offer through entrepreneurship The case of Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (123) ◽  
pp. 96-109
Author(s):  
Lila Ayad Adrar ◽  
Ahmed Halali Adrar ◽  
Bishr Muhamed Mowafak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Added Value ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
Personal Level

The aim of this scientific paper is to highlight the effective role of women working in economic development, especially those working in the entrepreneurial sector, which we see as encouraging at the macro-economic level and at the personal level, by highlighting their potential to help them enter the private labour market, value them and empower their role in the economic arena in order to win this bet to become productive and effective workers at all levels. Through this paper, we will try to highlight the role of Algerian women's contribution to economic development through access to the world of entrepreneurship, and we will also try to find statistics on their success levels at the local and international levels. To achieve our desired goals, we used the statistical approach by analysing some of the statistical data available to us from the World Bank and some important and specialized databases on the same subject. The scientific authenticity of our research paper is highlighted by the added value we have achieved and the results achieved, where the most notable result was that the work of contracting is an achievement that pushes women to achieve economic savings and exceed the threshold of happiness through their ability and self-realization.

Administrative Responsiveness in Ease of Doing Business

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-296
Author(s):  
Sachin Chowdhry
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The Political ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Reform Initiatives ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Ease Of Doing Business

Ease of doing business is an integrated approach to improve delivery of various services for running an enterprise through regulatory reforms. Several parameters have been identified by the World Bank, which ranks 190 countries, including India, based on the reform initiatives undertaken by them. India has made significant progress in the rankings. However, there are still areas where there is huge scope for improvement. Despite the political push, it is the responsiveness of the administrative system that holds the key. Indian bureaucracy is often blamed for its ‘personnel, paperwork, and process’ orientation. This article is an attempt to analyse the response of the bureaucracy in four select parameters: (a) starting a business, (b) getting electricity, (c) registering property and (d) getting credit. The rationale behind their selection is that, though all businesses have to negotiate the processes, these four have direct interface with the service delivery agencies, and there is greater measurability of their responsiveness in general.

scholarly journals Tracing the institutional barriers to the integration of the social protection and fragile states agendas within the World Bank

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
Sophie Mackinder
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Fragile States ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Bank Staff ◽  
The World ◽  
Institutional Architecture

AbstractThe share of the extreme poor living in fragile and conflict-affected situations is projected to rise above 50 per cent by 2030. There is consequently an acute need for poverty-reduction mechanisms such as social protection within these contexts, which requires the integration of the discourse and policies on fragility with those on social protection. This paper traces the development of the two agendas in the World Bank, through documentary analysis and 43 interviews with Bank staff. It explores the extent to which social protection is considered within the fragility agenda (and vice versa), to establish whether the building of social protection systems is included within the broader ambition of “state-building” and considers the barriers to further integration of these agendas. The paper concludes that interaction between them has been limited to date and highlights the Bank’s own institutional architecture as a barrier to a more integrated approach.

scholarly journals SUPPORT OF DEMOCRATIC POLITICAL SYSTEM BY SOCIETY AS A FACTOR OF GOVERNMENT EFFICIENCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Oleg Tkach ◽  
◽  
Anatoly Tkach ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
World Bank Group ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Government Efficiency

The problem of the level of support for governments and leaders as a factor of inefficient governance is analyzed. The consequences affect the character of the regime and reduce the level of support for democratic systems. Efficiency of governments, support of economic growth, provision of quality medical care, fight against crime affect the attitude of the population to democracy. The level of satisfaction with democracy is determined by fluctuations in economic indicators, the level of crime. Support for democracy remains relatively immune to changes in government efficiency. When developing performance indicators, it is recommended to use the "rule of four C": clarity (clearness); completeness; complexity and consistency. Indicators must be specific, real and, most importantly, quantifiable. The Government Performance Index is an index developed by the World Bank Group that measures the quality of public services, civil service, policy formulation, policy implementation, and confidence in the government's commitment to improving or maintaining these qualities at a high level. The World Bank publishes an index of government effectiveness among the other five global indicators of governance: accountability, political stability, quality of regulation, rule of law and control of corruption. These indices are considered measurements of management. The Public Administration Efficiency Index uses forty-seven variables (quality of bureaucracy, infrastructure for distribution of goods and services) from thirty-two sources, Global Insight business conditions and risk indicators. These variables are then combined using a component model. As an indicator, the index of public administration efficiency does not allow to identify specific problems of the country, to analyze specific solutions, but it is a tool for comparing countries, to measure the trend of improvement in a particular mode. Government efficiency is correlated with life satisfaction, GDP per capita, and education expenditures, which promotes democratic development.

scholarly journals Adaptation of Accessibility for People with Disabilities in Private and Public Buildings using Appropriate Design Checklist

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Dr. Usama Ibrahim Badawy ◽  
Dr. Muain Qasem Jawabrah ◽  
Dr. Eng. Amjad Jaeada
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Basic Services

An integrated approach is required to ensure that persons with disabilities are not left alone. A combination of mainstreaming and targeted measures is necessary in all interventions. Persons with disabilities share the same primary needs as everyone else: health protection and treatment, basic services, shelter and income. The best way to address their inclusion is through mainstreaming disability in all plans and efforts. Targeted measures need to complement disability mainstreaming by addressing specific requirements that cannot be met by making general responses inclusive. Such measures do not need to add greatly to overall cost especially if the needs of the maximum number of users are considered in the initial design. As mentioned in the world bank publication 2005 that if they are considered from the design stage, ensuring accessibility can cost as little as 1% more. This paper is came to recommendation how can we consider appropriate design checklist as guide for our initial Architecture design to Facilities accessible to people with disabilities for private and public buildings in a more descent appropriate way

Methods of analysis and diagnosis of risks of the socioeconomic security of the region, taking into account factors in the development of the consumer market

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
E. V. Karanina ◽  
E. Yu. Selezneva
Keyword(s):  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Regulatory Measures ◽  
The Russian Federation

At present, taking into account the crisis in the country and the world as a whole, the assessment of the level of socio-economic security, taking into account various factors, is becoming relevant. For a long time, the consumer market was considered the driver of the economy, both in the Russian Federation and around the world, but now, taking into account the crisis, its potential is declining. All these trends create the prerequisites for determining indicators of analysis and diagnostics of the level of security of the consumer market and socio-economic security in general.The purpose of the study is to present a method and a set of indicators for analyzing and diagnosing the level of socio-economic security at the regional level, taking into account factors in the development of the consumer market.In the process of research, methods of systemic, complex analysis, economic and mathematical methods, methods of grouping data and piecewise linear scaling were used.As a result, the concepts of the consumer market and socio-economic security are formulated taking into account the factors of the economic sector, a system of factors that affect both the security of the consumer market and socio-economic security in general is constructed, a list of risk indicators is presented to assess the socio-economic security of the region with taking into account factors of the consumer market, assessment levels of socio-economic security of the region are formed taking into account factors of the consumer market.The proposed methodology for assessing the level of socio-economic security will allow to identify problem areas in the socio-economic system of the region and the consumer market, to take coordinating, regulatory measures in order to ensure socio-economic security and minimize risks.

Two Ways of Reasoning, One Outcome: The World Bank's Evolving Philosophy in Establishing a “Sustainable Water Resources Management” Policy

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Allouche ◽  
Matthias Finger
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
The World

This article discusses the evolution of water resources management and policies since the early 1990s. Changes are due, in particular, to two international conferences both held in 1992 (Rio and Dublin), which laid the groundwork for an integrated approach to water management. Reformers concentrated on creating a coherent policy that would take into account environmental concerns. This paper focuses on the World Bank as one of the most important actors in the formulation and financing of water policies. Indeed, the World Bank has developed, as a result of these conferences, a new policy that regroups different water projects into one single concept: water resources management. It turns out, however, that water resources management in essence just means water privatization.

The Next Generation Drought Index Project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Osgood ◽  
Markus Enenkel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

<p>There is ample evidence about the added-value of anticipatory financing mechanism to mitigate the impact of extreme droughts on the livelihoods of vulnerable communities. Various projects have tried to optimize parametric insurance via different methods, resulting in useful lessons learnt for both macro- and micro-level insurance. In parallel, novel satellite-derived sources of information, such as soil moisture or evaporative stress, have become available to monitor key variables of the hydrological cycle and strengthen the drought narrative via cross-validation.  The Next Generation Drought Index project was funded by the World Bank to develop a generic framework and related technical toolbox that allows decision-makers to understand every step of index design, calibration and validation. An interactive dashboard is linked directly to different data sources, the outputs of financial risk models and socioeconomic information to link climate hazard and impact information. Collaboration partners range from African Risk Capacity to the United Nations World Food Programme, the START Network, the World Bank’s Global Index Insurance Facility and the European Space Agency. The overall goal is to reduce basis risk without creating an analytical black box as well as to identify and use ‘low hanging fruits’, such as the detection of early season moisture deficits via remote sensing. The finding from Senegal suggest that the effectiveness of insurance might be improved through client centered design through participatory/crowdsourced processes, a suite of advanced satellite data and models, available government/institutional data and  structured decision tree processes based on key performance indicators.</p>

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