scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT OF FORMAT OF RETAIL INTERNATIONALIZATION ON CONSUMER ATTITUDE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzė Rudienė ◽  
Mangirdas Morkūnas ◽  
Viktorija Skvarciany
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Internationalization Process ◽  
Shopping Centre ◽  
The Subject ◽  
One Year ◽  
Retail Format

The format is one of the essential elements of retail internationalization process. In order to date, cus-tomer attitude about retail companies format entering the market and their possible impact upon consumers and standardization degree has not frequently been the object of investigation within the internationalisation of retail trade. Only by opening the subject of trade consumers and customers can find the solution of components of this element. The current paper explores consumer attitudes to retail format, revealed this element components and provide their evaluation methodology. The prac-tical significance of the current research is that it is a survey of consumer attitude to the company en-tering format the market in another country, which would enable a potential retail entrant to know the expectations of consumers and thus take appropriate decisions. The methodological basis for the pre-sent paper is an analysis of reference material on the internationalisation of retail trade examining cases of successes and failures of retail companies, exploring and understanding consumer expecta-tions and the ways to meet such expectations, as well as peculiarities of entering different markets. The authors interviewed Lithuanian consumers (more than 600) about the IKEA shopping centre be-fore its opening in Vilnius and one year after opening. Studies have confirmed that consumers have their attitudes of the IKEA shopping centre, as the format element.

scholarly journals Food in Retailers’ Commercial Offer – Possibilities of Building Relationships with Consumers

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-324
Author(s):  
Barbara Kucharska
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Physical Proximity ◽  
New Family ◽  
Family Model ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Retail Format

The purpose of the article is to identify the possibility of building relationships with consumers in the area of shaping the food offer in retail trade. The subject of the article also concerns consumer needs and changes in their behaviors essential to building these relationships. A critical analysis of the literature of the subject and case study were used to implement the purpose of the article. A diagnosis of solutions implemented by retailers show that the scope and form of activities conducted in the area of building relationships with customers depends on the retail format. Relationships are mainly built on the basis of physical proximity, but also by referring to key consumer needs and trends in their behaviors (mainly “health”, “comfort”, “convenience”, and “new family model”). Retailers in the creation of the food offer refer to the needs of consumers as being related not only to selecting and buying food, but also to their future purchases.

scholarly journals Shopping Centres, Cycling Accessibility and Planning—The Case of Nova Lund in Sweden

Urban Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Till Koglin ◽  
Lucas Glasare
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Shopping Centre ◽  
The Past ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Subject

This paper evaluates the history and cycling accessibility of Nova, a shopping centre established in Lund, Sweden, in 2002. The current situation was also analysed through observation and a literature review. Moreover, the study conducted a closer analysis of the history and role of the municipality based on further literature study and interviews with officials. The conclusion of the analysis indicates poor and unsafe bikeways caused by conflicts of interest between politicians, officials, landowners and the general public. It also depicts a situation in which the municipality’s master plan has been ignored, and, in contrast to the local goals, cycling accessibility at Nova has seen no significant improvement since the shopping centre was first established. The reasons for this, arguably, are a relatively low budget for bikeway improvements in the municipality, as well as a situation in which decision-makers have stopped approaching the subject, as a result of the long and often boisterous conflicts it has created in the past. Lastly, it must be noted that it is easy to regard the whole process of Nova, from its establishment to the current situation, as being symptomatic of the power structures between drivers and cyclists that still affect decision-makers at all levels.

Public Policy Administration

1985 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Richard A. Brumback
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
General Level ◽  
American Government ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
The Past ◽  
Business Colleges ◽  
Business College ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Subject ◽  
One Year

The teaching of an introductory course in American Government can be a difficult and frustrating endeavor under even the best of circumstances. Given the general level of cynicism and/or lack of interest by large numbers of Americans regarding politics and politicians, the task of generating student enthusiasm, or even mild interest, toward the subject matter can indeed be an arduous one. When the teaching of such a course takes place in a business college, and when the student audience is “captive” to a college requirement that all students must take the course, the task can be rendered considerably more formidable.For the past six years I have been teaching such courses at business colleges — one year at Bryant College in Rhode Island, and the following five years at Bentley College in Massachusetts.

Abstract P144: Successful Regional Implementation of a Large Vessel Occlusion Screening Tool: An Interdisciplinary Process Improvement Project

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Werner ◽  
Brian L Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Interdisciplinary Team ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Staff Education ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Recommendations have recently been updated to support use of an LVO screening tool to assist in the identification and routing of eligible patients to endovascular stroke centers. Despite the recommendations for the use of an LVO screening tool, the general adoption and implementation is incomplete amongst many stroke systems nationwide. Methods: An interdisciplinary team selected the Vision, Aphasia, Neglect (VAN) tool for use amongst a series of Primary Stroke Centers and freestanding emergency departments. Educational plans surrounding the tool were developed and disseminated to prehospital EMS crews, Emergency Department nurses, and specialty transport crews. Staff education was bolstered utilizing existing EMR-based tools and the development of quick access materials for all personnel. Over a 12-month period, a combination of real time feedback and retrospective chart review were performed to ensure staff compliance and accuracy of LVO evaluations. Results: A total of 687 stroke alert patient were reviewed over a 12-month period—339 were triage arrivals and 348 were EMS arrivals. Initial compliance was low across both EMS and nursing, with only 23% of patients being screened for LVO status during the initial 6 months of implementation but increased to 66% compliance over the last 6 months. Sensitivity of VAN assessments increased from 88% to 93% and specificity increased from 80% to 86% over the same one-year period. Conclusions: Successful implementation of an LVO screening tool requires an interdisciplinary team to adopt a tool that is both user-friendly and validated for detection of LVO. Initial staff education and continuous feedback are essential elements to ensure the overall compliance and accuracy of assessments. Ongoing efforts are underway with a one-year goal of 80% compliance of screening while maintaining a high-level of accuracy. Additional staff education directed at the most common reason for a false positive screening, mistaking dysarthria for aphasia.

scholarly journals Discussion of meteorolo­gical observations in India at various heights

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 933-936
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Daily Range ◽  
Diurnal Range ◽  
Annual Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Meteorological Observations ◽  
Extended Area ◽  
One Year ◽  
Board Ship

The author adverts to a former paper “On the Meteorolog of the Deccan,” published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1835, and after referring to the conclusions at which he arrived in that communication, states that, in the discussion of the meteorological observations which form the subject of the present paper, and which were made over a very extended area, at different heights, some being hourly and running through several years at the same station, it is very satisfactory to find that they fully establish the accuracy of the former deductions. He remarks that, as some of the obser­vations now discussed were hourly records continued through con­siderable periods of time, an opportunity has been afforded of in­vestigating abnormal conditions, which the former limited number of diurnal observations did not permit; and gives the following review of what appears to be normal and abnormal conditions. The annual and daily range of the barometer diminishes from the sea-level up to the greatest height observed, 8640 feet at Dodabetta, from a mean annual and mean daily range at Madras of 0·735 and 0·122 respectively to 0·410 and 0·060 at Dodabetta;—the annual range would appear to increase, about and beyond the northern tropic, as the annual range at Calcutta (not by hourly observations) is 0·911; but the diurnal range is somewhat less (0·115) than at Madras. At no one of the places of observation, even taking the maximum pressure of one year with the minimum pressure of another year, does there appear to have been a range of pressure equivalent to an inch of mercury; nevertheless in the Cyclones, or rotatory storms, there occurs at times a range of pressure of nearly two inches of mercury within forty-eight hours; but it is shown from a compa­ rison of the simultaneous records on board ship, where these great depressions were noted, with the records at the observatories on shore, that the great depressions occurred within very limited areas.

Suicide medical malpractice: an educational overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Sher
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Treatment Interventions ◽  
Collateral Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Safety Plan ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Patient Responses ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Careful Documentation

Abstract A malpractice lawsuit is in the legal category of an action in tort, which is a demand for compensation for the damages that have occurred. For a physician to be found liable to a patient for malpractice, four essential elements must be proved to sustain an assertion of malpractice: duty, negligence, harm, and causation. The incidence of malpractice litigation in the field of psychiatry is increasing. The most common malpractice claim related to psychiatric practice is the failure to provide reasonable protection to patients from killing themselves. A psychiatrist should be able to evaluate suicide risk on the basis of all available information, including patient responses to direct and indirect questions, known risk factors, information on how the patient behaved under similar circumstances in the past, and collateral information. Reasonable care necessitates that a patient who is either thought of being or established to be suicidal must be the subject of some precautions. A failure either to soundly assess a patient’s suicide risk or to employ an appropriate safety plan after the suicide potential becomes foreseeable is likely to make a physician liable if the patient is harmed because of a suicide event. It is imperative for a psychiatric office or facility to have a good documentation. Careful documentation of evaluations and treatment interventions with a description of changes related to the patient’s clinical condition indicates clinically and legally appropriate psychiatric care.

scholarly journals The Establishment of Criminal Responsibility for Retail Sale of Alcoholic Products to Minors: An Analysis of the Feasibility

Lex Russica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 150-158
Author(s):  
K. V. Dyadyun
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Retail Sale ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation

The paper analyzes the objective and subjective features of article 151.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The problems of interpretation and application of this norm are investigated, taking into account the goals and objectives underlying its creation. Special legislation regulating the sphere under study is considered. The studied imperfections of regulation of the subject of the crime (the relationship between the concepts of alcoholic and alcohol-containing products), problems of distinguishing acts from related compounds (article 151 of the Criminal Code), the complexity of the classification. The analysis of crime-forming features is presented: "repeatability", "retail", and "sale". Imperfections of the legislative and law enforcement approach in this aspect are revealed. In particular, the key features and correlation of the concepts of wholesale and retail trade are analyzed; the problems of assessing what was done with remote methods of selling alcohol; the content aspects of the categories "duplicity and repetition" in the context under study. The question of the expediency of replacing the term "sale" with "illegal sale" in the disposition of article 151.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is studied. The regulation of features of the subject of the studied elements is considered, and existing problems are identified. The question of the expediency of norms with administrative prejudice in the criminal law was raised. Some problematic aspects of sentencing for retail sale of alcoholic products to minors are identified; and issues of establishing the subjective side of the elements. The paper analyzes the opinions of various authors regarding the possibility of improving the norm of article 151.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, taking into account the study of statistical data and materials of judicial practice. The author indicates the need for an integrated approach in the fight against alcohol abuse among young people. The conclusion is presented regarding the validity of the existence of the studied norm in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in the current version.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Motivasi, Budaya, dan Sikap Konsumen Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Indomie

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Keren Keren ◽  
Sulistiono Sulistiono
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Consumer Motivation ◽  
Market Leader ◽  
Influential Variable ◽  
Instant Noodle

Consumption of instant noodle products in Indonesia is quite high. Especially the Indomie instant noodle which is the market leader in the Indonesian instant noodle product market. In purchasing products, consumers are influenced by three factors, namely motivation, culture, and consumer attitudes. This research is a survey research with data collection method through interviews using a questionnaire instrument to 100 respondents in the Bogor city. Based on the analysis of the data obtained, it is known that of the three variables studied, Consumer Attitude is the most influential variable on the Purchase Decision of Indomie brand instant noodle products because it has the greatest beta value among the other variables. From the partial test results (t and F test) it can be obtained that the three exogeneus variables (Consumer Motivation, Culture, and Consumer Attitudes) have the same strong and positive influence simultaneously on the Purchase Decision of Indomie brand instant noodle products.

scholarly journals AYURVEDIC APPROACH ON CYSTOID MACULAR OEDEMA - A CASE REPORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1904-1907
Author(s):  
Sabarinath M K ◽  
Pasha S M
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Macular Oedema ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Cystoid Macular Oedema ◽  
Field Of Vision ◽  
The Subject ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right ◽  
Photocoagulation Therapy

Cystoid Macular Oedema or CME is a painless disorder that affects the central retina or macula. It refers to the accumulation of fluid in the outer plexiform and inner nuclear layer of the retina with the formation of a fluid-filled cyst. The primary symptom of macular oedema is blurry or wavy vision near or in the centre of your field of vision. Materials and Methods: A male patient of 48 yrs. presented in Shalakya OPD of GAMC Bengaluru with symp- toms of diminished vision in his right eye for one year. The patient was diagnosed with cystoid macular oedema in the right eye for which he was given photocoagulation therapy but did not find much relief. So, he approached our OPD. After thorough examination patient was started with Ayurvedic Medicines. Result: The subject showed marked improvement both subjectively and objectively. Discussion: Oedema which is the terminus of the pathology in this condition has to be understood as Ekanga Shopha. Though Kapha is the predominant dosha involved in forming Shopha here, the lakshanas manifesting are that of Vataja Timira. So, in this case study, Kapha Vata Hara followed by Shopha Hara line of treatment is adopted. Keywords: Cystoid macular oedema, Shopha, Vataja Timira, Nasya, Punarnavadi Kashaya.

scholarly journals Self-Driving Cars and Criminal Liability

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Béla Csitei
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Autonomous Vehicle ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Criminal Sanction ◽  
Criminal Offence ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Self Driving Cars

After clarifying the concepts of automated and autonomous vehicles, the purpose of the study is to investigate how reasonable the criminal sanction is arising from accidents caused by autonomous vehicles. The next question to be answered is that the definition of the crime according to the Hungarian law may be applied in case of traffic related criminal offences caused by automated and autonomous vehicles. During my research I paid special attention to two essential elements of criminal offence, namely the human act and guilt. Furthermore, I strived for finding solution for the next problem, as well: if the traffic related criminal offence is committed by driving an autonomous vehicle, how to define the subject of criminal liability.

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