scholarly journals Transforming Growth Factor-β: An Indirect Inducer of Th17 Cell Differentiation both in Human and Murine System

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schumann
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Th17 Cell Differentiation

scholarly journals Transforming growth factor β is dispensable for the molecular orchestration of Th17 cell differentiation

2009 ◽  
Vol 206 (13) ◽  
pp. 3157-3157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Das ◽  
Guangwen Ren ◽  
Liying Zhang ◽  
Arthur I. Roberts ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Th17 Cell Differentiation

scholarly journals Transforming growth factor β is dispensable for the molecular orchestration of Th17 cell differentiation

2009 ◽  
Vol 206 (11) ◽  
pp. 2407-2416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Das ◽  
Guangwen Ren ◽  
Liying Zhang ◽  
Arthur I. Roberts ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
Th17 Cell Differentiation ◽  
Th1 And Th2

Interleukin (IL)-17–producing T helper (Th17) cells play a critical role in the pathophysiology of several autoimmune disorders. The differentiation of Th17 cells requires the simultaneous presence of an unusual combination of cytokines: IL-6, a proinflammatory cytokine, and transforming growth factor (TGF) β, an antiinflammatory cytokine. However, the molecular mechanisms by which TGF-β exerts its effects on Th17 cell differentiation remain elusive. We report that TGF-β does not directly promote Th17 cell differentiation but instead acts indirectly by blocking expression of the transcription factors signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 4 and GATA-3, thus preventing Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation. In contrast, TGF-β had no effect on the expression of retinoic acid receptor–related orphan nuclear receptor γt, a Th17-specific transcription factor. Interestingly, in Stat-6−/−T-bet−/− mice, which are unable to generate Th1 and Th2 cells, IL-6 alone was sufficient to induce robust differentiation of Th17 cells, whereas TGF-β had no effect, suggesting that TGF-β is dispensable for Th17 cell development. Consequently, BALB/c Stat-6−/−T-bet−/− mice, but not wild-type BALB/c mice, were highly susceptible to the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, which could be blocked by anti–IL-17 antibodies but not by anti–TGF-β antibodies. Collectively, these data provide evidence that TGF-β is not directly required for the molecular orchestration of Th17 cell differentiation.

scholarly journals Autocrine Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Promotes In Vivo Th17 Cell Differentiation

Immunity ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Gutcher ◽  
Moses K. Donkor ◽  
Qian Ma ◽  
Alexander Y. Rudensky ◽  
Richard A. Flavell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Th17 Cell Differentiation

scholarly journals ADAM9 enhances Th17 cell differentiation and autoimmunity by activating TGF-β1

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (18) ◽  
pp. e2023230118
Author(s):  
Masataka Umeda ◽  
Nobuya Yoshida ◽  
Ryo Hisada ◽  
Catalina Burbano ◽  
Seo Yeon K. Orite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β1 ◽  
Th17 Cell Differentiation ◽  
Adam Family

The a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family of proteinases alter the extracellular environment and are involved in the development of T cells and autoimmunity. The role of ADAM family members in Th17 cell differentiation is unknown. We identified ADAM9 to be specifically expressed and to promote Th17 differentiation. Mechanistically, we found that ADAM9 cleaved the latency-associated peptide to produce bioactive transforming growth factor β1, which promoted SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and activation. A transcription factor inducible cAMP early repressor was found to bind directly to the ADAM9 promoter and to promote its transcription. Adam9-deficient mice displayed mitigated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and transfer of Adam9-deficient myelin oligodendrocyte globulin-specific T cells into Rag1−/− mice failed to induce disease. At the translational level, an increased abundance of ADAM9 levels was observed in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, and ADAM9 gene deletion in lupus primary CD4+ T cells clearly attenuated their ability to differentiate into Th17 cells. These findings revealed that ADAM9 as a proteinase provides Th17 cells with an ability to activate transforming growth factor β1 and accelerates its differentiation, resulting in aberrant autoimmunity.

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