scholarly journals Prevalence and Clinical Significance of SEN-virus and TT- virus Infection in Chronic HCV Patients

10.3823/835 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hend Abdalla EL- sayed ◽  
Nahla Abd El Hamid ◽  
Elsaed M. Galal ElBadrawy ◽  
Sameh M. Abdel Monem ◽  
Fatma Abdelaziz Amer
Keyword(s):  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Tt Virus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sen Virus ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Single Blood Sample

Background: SEN virus (SENV) and Torque teno virus (TTV) are blood born viruses. Their effect on the development and progress of liver diseases is still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and effect of SENV and TTV among chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. Patients and Methods: two hundred patients with CHC were the subjects of this work. A single blood sample was collected from each patient. Thorough clinical examination and relevant laboratory and radiological investigations were done. SENV and TTV were tested for by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: SENV was identified in 3 and TTV was found in 21 (10.5%) of patients. No statistically significant difference was detected as regards clinical status, laboratory findings or radiological examination between SENV or TTV positive and negative patients. Conclusion: SENV and TTV exist among CHC patients. They had insignificant implications on the course or progression of liver diseases.    

scholarly journals Simultaneous detection of Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus sp. by polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of bacterial meningits

2005 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 920-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane Failace ◽  
Mario Wagner ◽  
Marisa Chesky ◽  
Rosana Scalco ◽  
Luiz Fernando Jobim
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The simultaneous detection of Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus sp. was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis, as well as the applicability of PCR as a routine test. A cohort study was carried out with 182 children (2 months to 12 years of age) with suspicion of bacterial meningitis. Routine tests identified the etiologic agent in 65/84 children whose clinical status and laboratory findings suggested the presence of bacterial meningitis. Bacterial meningitis was ruled out in 98 children. In 19 children, the etiologic diagnosis was not possible using standard methods; in 14 of these patients, the etiologic agent was identified by PCR (N. meningitidis=12; H. influenzae=1; Streptococcus sp.=1). The sensitivity of PCR was 88.1%; specificity, 99.0%; positive predictive value, 98.7%; and negative predictive, 90.1%. PCR is a useful complementary diagnostic technique, especially when Gram stain, culture, or antigenic detection are negative or inconclusive.

scholarly journals Critical analysis: use of polymerase chain reaction to diagnose leprosy

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaviane Granero Maltempe ◽  
Vanessa Pietrowski Baldin ◽  
Mariana Aparecida Lopes ◽  
Vera Lúcia Dias Siqueira ◽  
Regiane Bertin de Lima Scodro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Molecular Biology Technique ◽  
Pcr Inhibitor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Techniques

ABSTRACT Leprosy is a neglected tropical disease and an important public health problem, especially in developing countries. It is a chronic infectious disease that is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which has a predilection for the skin and peripheral nerves. Although it has low sensitivity, slit-skin smear (SSS) remains the conventional auxiliary laboratory technique for the clinical diagnosis of leprosy. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a molecular biology technique that holds promise as a simple and sensitive diagnostic tool. In the present study, the performance of two PCR methods, using different targets, PCR-LP and PCR-P, were compared with SSS with regard to leprosy diagnosis in a reference laboratory. M. leprae DNA was extracted from 106 lymph samples of 40 patients who had clinical suspicion of leprosy. The samples were subjected to both PCR techniques and SSS. Amplification of the human b-globin gene was used as PCR inhibitor control. The specificity of both PCR techniques was 100%, and sensitivity was 0.007 and 0.015 µg/ml for PCR-LP and PCR-P, respectively. No significant difference was found between either the PCR-LP or PCR-P results and SSS results (p > 0.05). Although PCR is not yet a replacement for SSS in the diagnosis of leprosy, this technique may be used as an efficient auxiliary tool for early detection of the disease, especially in endemic regions. This strategy may also be useful in cases in which SSS results are negative (e.g., in paucibacillary patients) and cases in which skin biopsy cannot be performed.

scholarly journals Clinical outcomes of concomitant use of enteral and intravenous sedatives and analgesics in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayoung Kang ◽  
Mohammed A Alrashed ◽  
Eric M Place ◽  
Phuongthao T Nguyen ◽  
Stephen J Perona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Institutional Review Board ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Ventilation Time ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Disclaimer In an effort to expedite the publication of articles related to the COVID-19 pandemic, AJHP is posting these manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. Purpose To evaluate potential differences in days on mechanical ventilation for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on route of administration of analgesic and sedative medications: intravenous (IV) alone vs IV + enteral (EN). Summary This institutional review board–approved study evaluated ventilation time and fentanyl or midazolam requirements with or without concurrent EN hydromorphone and lorazepam. Patients were included in the study if they were 18 to 89 years old and were admitted to the intensive care unit with a positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction or antigen test and respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 72 hours. In total, 100 patients were evaluated, 60 in the IV-only group and 40 in the IV + EN group. There was not a significant difference in ventilation time between the groups (mean [SD], 19.6 [12.8] days for IV + EN vs 15.6 [11.2] days for IV only; P = 0.104). However, fentanyl (2,064 [847] μg vs 2,443 [779] μg; P < 0.001) and midazolam (137 [72] mg vs 158 [70] mg; P = 0.004) requirements on day 3 were significantly higher in the IV-only group, and the increase in fentanyl requirements from day 1 to day 3 was greater in the IV-only group than in the IV + EN group (378 [625] μg vs 34 [971] μg; P = 0.033). Conclusion Addition of EN analgesic and sedative medications to those administered by the IV route did not change the duration of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19, but the combination may reduce IV opioid requirements, decreasing the impact of IV medication shortages.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis in Crossbred Calves in Two Selected Areas of Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
A Khair ◽  
MM Alam ◽  
AKMA Rahman ◽  
M Shahiduzzaman ◽  
MS Parvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bovine cryptosporidiosis using 110 fecal samples of crossbred diarrhoeic calves from two different areas (Muktagacha, Mymensingh and Shajadpur, Sirajgonj) in Bangladesh during April 2012 to September 2014. The fecal samples were screened by rapid detection kit and confirmed by Modified Ziehl- Neelsen staining, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The positive samples along with standard positive control yielded 1325bp band on PCR. The overall prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in crossbred calves was 28.18% (31/110) by rapid detection kit. The higher prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was found in the calves from Shajadpur (29.76%) than the calves from Muktagacha (23.08%).The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was significantly (p<0.001) higher in calves between 1-2 months (70%) age group than less than one month age group (24.49%). Cryptosporidiosis was not observed in calves over two months age. The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was higher in males (34.75%) than females (24.64%) although not significant statistically. It is evident that the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in bovine in these areas is under diagnosed and the clinical status of infection is potentially high.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i2.21288 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (2): 185-190 

scholarly journals MDR1 polymorphisms are not related to Xeliri and Xelox chemoresistance in colorectal cancer

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayat B. Al-Ghafari ◽  
Areej M. Alqahtani ◽  
Suzan N. Alturki ◽  
Huda Abdulaziz Al Doghaither ◽  
Hanaa M. Tashkandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
P Glycoprotein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Multidrug resistance member 1 (MDR1) is located on chromosome 7 and encodes P-glycoprotein (Pgp), which is universally accepted as a drug resistance biomarker. MDR1 polymorphisms may change either the protein expression or function, suggesting its possible association with cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, this study aimed to determine the effects of MDR1 polymorphisms on the drug response of Saudi CRC patients.Methods DNA samples were obtained from 62 CRC patients and 100 healthy controls. The genotypes and allele frequencies of the MDR1 polymorphisms G2677T and T1236C were determined by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results No significant difference was observed in the genotype distribution and allele frequency of T1236C between the CRC the patients and the controls. However, G2677T was found to play a highly significant protective role against the progression of CRC. Moreover, the results showed that none of the genotypes in SNPs T1236C and G2677T affected chemoresistance to Xeliri and Xelox.Conclusions T1236C in the MDR1 gene is not related to CRC risk, and G2677T protects against the development of CRC. Both MDR1 polymorphisms are not associated with the risk of chemoresistance.

Determination of a T/G polymorphism at nucleotide 3206 of the apolipoprotein C III gene by amplification refractory mutation system

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 2235-2239 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Y Tsai ◽  
N Q Hanson ◽  
K R Copeland ◽  
I Beheshti ◽  
U Garg
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Amplification Refractory Mutation System ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Apolipoprotein C ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mutation System ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Exon 4 ◽  
And Control

Abstract We used the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)--a polymerase-chain-reaction-based method--to determine the 3206 T-to-G polymorphism on exon 4 of the apolipoprotein (apo) C III gene. Apo C III is an inhibitor of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase (EC 3.1.1.34). Previous studies have demonstrated that a polymorphism at nucleotide 3175 on exon 4 of this gene is associated with hypertriglyceridemia. We studied 45 hypertriglyceridemic and 46 age-matched controls for the 3206 T-to-G polymorphism. The results showed a significant difference in the distribution of the genotypes with respect to this allele between the hypertriglyceridemic and control individuals. We also determined the presence of the SacI site at nucleotide 3175 in these same individuals and found no significant difference in SacI genotypes between the two groups. This study reaffirms the usefulness of ARMS as a simple, reliable method for detecting mutations and polymorphisms in clinical and epidemiological studies.

Study of the HLA-DPβ1 Locus by the Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique in Patients with Hodgkin's Disease

1993 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guseppe Pellegris ◽  
Claudia Lombardo ◽  
Annelisa Cantoni ◽  
Liliana Devizzi ◽  
Monica Balzarotti
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hodgkin's Disease ◽  
Hodgkin’S Disease ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background A number of reports have studied associations between Hodgkin's disease and HLA. Some of them established correlation between several antigens and Hodgkin's disease, and others found no correlations. Methods The HLA DP locus was determined by the polymerase chain reaction method in 31 Hodgkin's disease patients and 58 healthy controls. Results No significant difference between patients and controls was noted. Conclusions Further investigations are needed to confirm the hypothesis of a possible role of the HLA complex as one of the factors involved in Hodgkin's disease.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-1 −1607 1G/2G POLYMORPHISM AND CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS IN INDONESIAN POPULATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
RAHMATUL HAYATI ◽  
ANTONIUS WINOTO SUHARTONO ◽  
SRI LELYATI MASULILI ◽  
CHRISTOPHER TALBOT ◽  
ELZA IBRAHIM AUERKARI
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Objective: This study aimed to identify the distribution of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 −1607 1G/2G alleles and genotypes in subjects withchronic periodontitis and healthy subjects in a sample of Indonesian population and assess the possible association of this polymorphism withsusceptibility to chronic periodontitis.Methods: Genomic DNA samples were obtained from 200 Indonesian males aged 33–78 years old, comprising 100 chronic periodontitis patientsand 100 healthy controls. DNA fragments were amplified by a polymerase chain reaction and analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism.Results were analyzed by Chi-square test.Results: The frequency of the 2G allele was high both in subjects with periodontitis (87%) and in controls (91%). Analysis of MMP-1 genotype(−1607 1G/2G) showed no significant difference between the chronic periodontitis and healthy groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: The result found no association between MMP-1 −1607 1G/2G polymorphism and susceptibility to chronic periodontitis in Indonesiansubjects.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis osteomyelitis of the tibia mimicking Brodie abscess: A case report and review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2050313X1986945
Author(s):  
Abdülkadir Sari ◽  
Yaşar Mahsut Dinçel ◽  
Ibrahim Halil Erdogdu ◽  
Hakan Sezgin Sayıner ◽  
Ismail Agir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
Brodie’S Abscess ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Tuberculosis osteomyelitis is rarely seen in the diaphyseal bones. It may be confused with Brodie’s abscess due to similar clinical, radiological and laboratory findings. Late diagnosis of the disease causes bone destruction. Tuberculosis osteomyelitis of the bone is a rare condition caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its incidence has increased in Western countries in recent years due to HIV infection, increasing elderly population and emerging resistant strains. The slow progress of tuberculous osteomyelitis, due to lack of significant elevations in the laboratory values and changes in the radiographic appearance, often leads to confusion with the subtypes of subacute osteomyelitis, defined as Brodie’s abscess. These two low-virulence clinical cases often lead to delays in diagnosis and progressive bone destruction. Case presentation: We report a 65-year-old male patient who presented to our clinic with pain, swelling and sensitivity in the left leg. Diagnosed with infection in the tibia, the patient had undergone antibiotherapy. However, the patient’s symptoms were not resolved and we performed bone curettage and cementation. M. tuberculosis-specific DNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and the M. tuberculosis complex was produced from the perioperative samples. Conclusion: In conclusion, histopathological examination and polymerase chain reaction are essential before surgery of subacute and chronic osteomyelitis with atypical clinical, laboratory and radiological findings for early diagnosis and accurate treatment.

Comparison of EB and Fraser Enrichment Broths for the Detection of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in Raw-Milk Dairy Products and Environmental Samples

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 1172-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEERTRUI M. VLAEMYNCK ◽  
RENAAT MOERMANS
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Enrichment Broth ◽  
Selective Enrichment ◽  
Isolation Frequency ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polymerase Chain

This study is a comparison of the isolation frequency of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes from selected naturally contaminated dairy products, especially soft smear-ripened cheeses from raw milk and samples of feces and rinse samples from the udder taken on the farm, by using an enrichment broth (EB) recommended by the International Dairy Federation and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (IDF and FDA) or Fraser broth as the selective enrichment. Detection and identification were carried out according to the IDF protocols and a polymerase chain reaction technique. Listeria spp. were detected in 39.8% of the 570 samples while 15.3% were positive for L. monocytogenes. For cheese and curd samples, Fraser enrichment broth gave a statistically significant higher recovery for all Listeria spp. (26 to 21 %) as well as for L. monocytogenes in particular (9 to 1.4%). For raw milk and samples taken from feces and the udder rinse no significant difference was found between EB and Fraser broth. A combination of both enrichments resulted in an increase of recovery over all matrices by 15%.

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