scholarly journals First data on antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Moraxella catarrhalis isolates in Lebanon

10.3823/833 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monzer Hamze ◽  
Marwan Osman ◽  
Hassan Mallat ◽  
Marcel El Achkar
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Moraxella Catarrhalis ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Level ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background. Moraxella catarrhalis is an important bacterial pathogen. Although national data have shown an increase in the levels of antimicrobial resistance in clinical settings in Lebanon, there is a lack of data regarding this human pathogen. This study aimed to determine for the first time the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of M. catarrhalis isolates in Lebanon. Methods. A total of 34 M. catarrhalis strains were isolated from clinical specimens during the period from November 2010 to March 2019. Bacterial identification was carried out using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry. Antibiotic susceptibility of all isolates was performed according the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST). Results. A total of 34 non-duplicated M. catarrhalis strains were isolated from nose (n=19), ear (n=7), sputum (n=5), blood (n=1), eye (n=1), and throat (n=1) of patients referred to Nini Hospital in Tripoli, North governorate of Lebanon. Regarding antibiotic susceptibility rates, the percent susceptibility is 100% to the majority of antibiotics, except ampicillin (7.4%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (85.3%), nalidixic acid (85.3%), and ciprofloxacin (97.1%). Conclusion. To our knowledge, this study is the first investigation regarding the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of M. catarrhalis isolates in Lebanon. In addition to the high level of resistance to ampicillin, our findings showed the emergence of resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. Even if this study provides useful information to develop effective empirical treatment, we recommend the implementation of reliable diagnostic tools to guide appropriate treatment.

Epidemiological fectors and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Salmonella spp

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Alpa Patel ◽  
Nirmal Choraria
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Periodic Evaluation ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

serovars Typhi and Paratyphi are known to cause enteric fever. Multidrug resistance in and has emerged as a cause of concern. To evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella enteric serovar Typhi () and obtained from blood culture.: All isolates obtained from blood cultures of clinically suspected cases of enteric fever coming to microbiology laboratory, Nirmal hospital, from January 2015 to September 2017 were included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were determined using commercial antimicrobial disks chloramphenicol (30 μg), nalidixic acid (30 μg), ampicillin (10 μg), azithromycin (15 μg), cotrimoxazole (1.25/23.75 μg), ciprofloxacin (5 μg), and ceftriaxone (30 μg). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines of respective year by KirbyBauer disc diffusion method.: Total 330 isolates of salmonella are there out of that 298 is . 32 are Salmonella para A, while 1 is of Salmonella para B. Enteric fever cases pick month are April, May, June and July. Sensitivity to first line drugs are > 80%, Nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella (NARS) are 79%, while Multi drug resistant (resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and co-trimoxazole all three)Salmonella are 3%.: Periodic evaluation of antibiotic susceptibility pattern is necessary to see changing pattern of antibiotics. Evaluation of Nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella and periodic evaluation of multi drug resistant Salmonella is also important as emergence of MDR strain is observed in our study.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of thermophilic campylobacters isolated from patients in the town of Nis

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Miljkovic-Selimovic ◽  
Tatjana Babic ◽  
Branislava Kocic ◽  
Ljiljana Ristic
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Thermophilic Campylobacter ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
High Level ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
The Town

Background/Aim. In some clinical forms of human Campylobacter infections, such as prolonged diarrhea or associated with postinfections sequels, antibacterial treatment is necessary. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of thermophilic Campylobacter strains isolated from patients with diarrhea, as well as from patients with diarrhea followed by postinfections sequels, to drugs used in the therapy of enterocolitis, and to nalidixic acid used in laboratory identification and differentiation of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. Methods. We studied the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 131 Campylobacter strains isolated from patients with diarrhea (122 strains), diarrhea associated with rheumatic disorders (8 strains), and one strain isolated from a patient with Guillain-Barr? Syndrome following Campylobacter enterocolitis. Susceptibility testing to erythromycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid was performed by the agar dilution method. Results. In the strains we investigated, resistance to gentamicin and chloramphenicol was not recorded, whereas a low rate of strains resistant to erythromycin (2.4%), a higher prevalence of strains resistant to tetracycline (9.9%), and a high level of resistance to ciprofloxacin (29.8%) and nalidixic acid (33.3%) were registered. All strains resistant to nalidixic acid were also resistant to ciprofloxacin. In addition, there was no difference in the occurrence of resistance between strains isolated from patients with diarrhea as compared to those isolated from patients with diarrhea followed by postinfection disorders. Conclusion. The fact that the most of Campylobacter strains were sensitive to erythromycin and all to gentamicin, makes erythromycin an antibiotic of choice in the treatment of Campylobacter diarrhea and gentamicin when parenteral therapy should be administered. Resistance to tetracycline and, especially, ciprofloxacin, necessitates antibiotic susceptibility testing.

scholarly journals Microbial Agents Causing Infective Corneal Ulcer and their Anti-microbial Susceptibility pattern

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Azima Aktar Jhuma ◽  
Md Moynul Haque ◽  
Jamil Ahmed ◽  
Shantanu Das ◽  
Tarun Kanti Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Corneal Ulcer ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Corneal Ulcers ◽  
Microbial Agents ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

This study was designed to identify the microbial agents causing infective corneal ulcer and to carry out the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated bacteria causing infective corneal ulcer. Out of 80 samples, 67 (83.75%) cases were positive by microscopy and culture. This study showed pure fungal growth in 39 (48.75%) cases, pure bacterial growth in 8 (10%) cases, mixed microbial growth (both fungi and bacteria) in 20 (25%) cases and no growth was observed in 13 (16.25%) cases. Among the fungal isolates, Aspergillus species was the leading agent detected in 37(46.3%) cases followed by Penicillium species in 7 (8.8%) instances. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacterial pathogen found in 11 (13.8%) cases followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis present in 9 (11.3%) cases. Gentamicin, Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin were found to be better efficacious drugs against most of the bacterial pathogens noted in antimicrobial susceptibility test. This study showed that infective corneal ulcers are caused by both bacterial and fungal agents but fungal agents are more common. The findings of this study would help the ophthal- mologists in evidence based management of their patients of infective corneal ulcer. Bangladesh Med J. 2018 May; 47 (2): 1-6

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Yersinia enterocolitica

1981 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. RESTAINO ◽  
W. M. HILL
Keyword(s):  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Antibiotic susceptibility patterns for Yersinia enterocolitica strains involving 10 different serotypes were analyzed and compared. All Y. enterocolitica were susceptible to colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin and doxycycline, whereas all isolates displayed resistance to penicillin G, methicillin (derivative of penicillin), novobiocin, and clindamycin. The antibiograms for the Y. enterocolitica isolates were in some instances related to the somatic serotypes, especially serotype 0:8 for which the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern displayed the greatest disparity. By eliminating the antibiograms for the four serotype 0:8 strains, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for atypical and typical strains were similar.

scholarly journals Clonal Spread of Highly β-Lactam-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates in Taiwan

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 2266-2269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Chia Hsieh ◽  
Kuang-Yi Chang ◽  
Yi-Chuan Huang ◽  
Hsiao-Chuan Lin ◽  
Yu-Huai Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Clonal Spread ◽  
High Level ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 364 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates and studied the genotypes of S. pneumoniae with high level β-lactam resistance in Taiwan. Clonal complexes related to Spain23F-1, Taiwan19F-14, and Taiwan23F-15 were responsible for the spread of isolates with high β-lactam resistance.

scholarly journals Frequency and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of urinary pathogens in male outpatients in Argentina

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (06) ◽  
pp. 699-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo E Villar ◽  
Mónica B Jugo ◽  
Alejandro Macan ◽  
Matias Visser ◽  
Mariana Hidalgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Introduction: Knowledge of the etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogens is important for determining the best treatment option. This study aimed to determine the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial strains isolated from adult male outpatients. Methodology: Between November 2012 and April 2013, 3,105 community urine samples were analyzed from adult male patients who attended the Laboratorio Hidalgo, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Isolates resistant to third generation cephalosporin were tested for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production using the double-disk synergy test. Results: Of the 3,105 urine samples analyzed, 791 (25.5%) had significant bacteriuria. The frequency of positive urine cultures increased significantly with patient age. Escherichia coli was isolated most frequently (47.3%), followed by Enterococcus faecalis (13.6%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.9%). Gram-negative organisms represented 78.8% of urinary pathogens. The highest activities against Gram-negative bacteria were found with imipenem (99.0%), amikacin (98.1%), ertapenem (94.2%), fosfomycin (90.7%), and piperacillin-tazobactam (90.1%). The frequencies of ESBLs among E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. mirabilis were 15.2 %, 22.3%, and 8%, respectively. Fosfomycin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and nitrofurantoin were most effective against Gram-positive organisms. Conclusions: Fosfomycin may be an excellent option for cystitis treatment in patients without risk factors, whereas piperacillin-tazobactam is preferred for the treatment of parenchymatous UTIs, complicated UTIs, and UTIs associated with risk factors. To ensure the optimal selection of antibiotics, physicians should have access to up-to-date information about the local prevalence of antimicrobial resistance.

scholarly journals Susceptibility Profiles of Nocardia Isolates Based on Current Taxonomy

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 795-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Schlaberg ◽  
Mark A. Fisher ◽  
Kimberley E. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
First Line ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Linezolid Resistance ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Established Species ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

ABSTRACTThe genusNocardiahas undergone rapid taxonomic expansion in recent years, and an increasing number of species are recognized as human pathogens. Many established species have predictable antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, but sufficient information is often not available for recently described organisms. Additionally, the effectiveness of sulfonamides as first-line drugs forNocardiahas recently been questioned. This led us to review antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for a large number of molecularly identified clinical isolates. Susceptibility results were available for 1,299 isolates representing 39 different species or complexes, including 11 that were newly described, during a 6-year study period. All tested isolates were susceptible to linezolid. Resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) was rare (2%) except amongNocardia pseudobrasiliensis(31%) strains and strains of theN. transvalensiscomplex (19%). Imipenem susceptibility varied forN. cyriacigeorgicaandN. farcinica, as did ceftriaxone susceptibility of theN. novacomplex. Resistance to more than one of the most commonly used drugs (amikacin, ceftriaxone, TMP-SMX, and imipenem) was highest forN. pseudobrasiliensis(100%),N. transvalensiscomplex (83%),N. farcinica(68%),N. puris(57%),N. brasiliensis(51%),N. aobensis(50%), andN. amikacinitolerans(43%). Thus, while antimicrobial resistance can often be predicted, susceptibility testing should still be considered when combination therapy is warranted, for less well characterized species or those with variable susceptibility profiles, and for patients with TMP-SMX intolerance.

Differences in Antimicrobial Susceptibility Among Hospitals in an Integrated Health System

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa J. Lubowski ◽  
John L. Woon ◽  
Patricia Hogan ◽  
Ching-Chang Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Integrated Healthcare ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
Integrated Health ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

AbstractWe evaluated the differences in antimicrobial susceptibility among hospitals in three different integrated healthcare systems. Each system provided antibiogram-susceptibility reports from representative hospitals. Reports were analyzed for statistically significant differences between hospitals in a given system for nine important organisms. We found numerous significant interhospital differences in antimicrobial-susceptibility patterns within health systems. For this reason, the practice of combining antibiotic-susceptibility data into a systemwide antibiogram should be discouraged.

scholarly journals Machine Learning-Assisted Digital PCR and Melt Enables Broad Bacteria Identification and Pheno-Molecular Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pornpat Athamanolap ◽  
Kuangwen Hsieh ◽  
Christine M. O'Keefe ◽  
Ye Zhang ◽  
Samuel Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
Bacteria Identification ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Toward combating infectious diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria, there remains an unmet need for diagnostic tools that can broadly identify the causative bacteria and determine their antimicrobial susceptibilities from complex and even polymicrobial samples in a timely manner. To address this need, a microfluidic- and machine learning-based platform that performs broad bacteria identification (ID) and rapid yet reliable antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is developed. Specifically, this new platform builds on "pheno-molecular AST", a strategy that transforms nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) into phenotypic AST through quantitative detection of bacterial genomic replication, and utilizes digital PCR and digital high-resolution melt (HRM) to quantify and identify bacterial DNA molecules. Bacterial species are identified using integrated experiment-machine learning algorithm via HRM profiles. Digital DNA quantification allows for rapid growth measurement that reflects susceptibility profiles of each bacterial species within only 30 min of antibiotic exposure. As a demonstration, multiple bacterial species and their susceptibility profiles in polymicrobial urine specimen were correctly identified with a total turnaround time of ~4 hours. With further development and clinical validation, this new platform holds the potential for improving clinical diagnostics and enabling targeted antibiotic treatments.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of B. fragilis group organisms isolated from clinical specimen and human intestinal microbiota

1996 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cibele Barreto Mano de Carvalho ◽  
José Luciano Bezerra Moreira ◽  
Maria Candida S. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Anaerobic Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Epidemiological aspects and the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the Bacteroides fragilis group isolated from clinical and human intestinal specimens were examined in this study. B. fragilis group strains were isolated from 46 (37%) of 124 clinical specimens and the source of the samples was: Blood culture (3), intraabdominal infection (27), brain abscess (2), soft tissue infection (17), respiratory sinus (3), pleural aspirate (9), breast abscess (3), surgical infected wound (22), pelvic inflammatory disease (22), chronic otitis media (9) and miscellaneous (7). Intraabdominal and soft tissue infections were responsible for more than half of the clinical isolates. Susceptibility to penicillin, cefoxitin, tetracycline, metronidazole, chloramphenicol and clindamycin was examined. All isolates were susceptible to metronidazole and chloramphenicol. For clindamycin and cefoxitin the resistance rates observed were 21.7% and 10.9% respectively. Susceptibility profiles varied among the different species tested. A total of 37 species of B. fragilis group isolated from intestinal microbiota of individuals who had no antimicrobial therapy for at least 1 month before the sampling was also examined. All strains were also susceptible to chloramphenicol and motronidazole and the resistance rates to clindamycin and cefoxitin were 19.4% and 5.4% respectively. A few institutions, in Brazil, have monitored the antimicrobial susceptibility of B. fragilis group strains isolated from anaerobic infections. The resistance rates to cefoxitin and clindamycin and the variation in susceptibility patterns among the species isolated in this study emphasize the need for monitoring of susceptibility patterns of B. fragilis group organisms isolated, especially at our University Hospitals.

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